2018 高考英语（通用版）短文语法填空汇编（解析版共15 页）（2017 高考选练）语法填空。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个或者 3 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·淄博模拟)According to data from population reports and statistics made by the World Bank, Japanese people in 2013 1 (live), on average, to 83 years old, and the countryitself ranks 2 the top five nations with the longest life expectancy (预期寿命)． 3 major contributor to Japan's high life expectancy and overall health is their diet,as determined by the country's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare.According to a recent study 4 (publish) by the BMJ, Japanese people 5kept on the traditional Japanese diet during the 15－year study had a mortality rate (死亡率) 15% lower than those who did not. Further, those who 6 keep were also 7 (little) likely to suffer from some diseases.Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare 8 (break) the traditional Japanese diet down in their version of the food pyramid, called the “Japanese FoodGuide Spinning Top\”. Though th e Japanese diet gives special 9 (important)to high intakes of fish and soybean products instead of fats, it is 10 (general) a balance of grains, vegetables, fish and meat, and milk and fruits. However, the guidealso includes snacks, sweets, cakes and alcoholic drinks, which can be consumed in control, rather than completely rejected.【语篇解读】本文是一篇调查报告。
日本位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首，饮食是日本人长寿的主要原因。
本文主要分析了日本传统饮食的特点以及国家对国民饮食的指导。
1.lived 考查动词的时态。
根据时间状语“in2013”可知，谓语动词应用一般过去时。
故填lived。
2.on/among 考查介词。
句意为：日本人2013 年的平均寿命是83 岁，位居预期寿命最长的五个国家之首。
on the top 意为“在顶部”；此句也可理解为：位居预期寿命最长的五个国家当中，用among。
故填on/among。
3．A 考查冠词。
空格处修饰名词“contributor”，表示泛指，应用不定冠词；且major的读音以辅音音素开头。
故填A。
注意首字母大写。
4.published 考查非谓语动词。
逻辑主语“study”与publish 之间构成被动关系，因此应用所给词的过去分词形式作后置定语。
故填published。
5.who/that 考查定语从句。
分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为“Japanese people”，指人，从句中缺少主语。
故填who/that。
6.did 考查谓语动词的强调结构。
根据上文中的“had”和“did not”可知，此处应用一般过去时，谓语动词表示强调应借助于助动词did。
故填did。
7.less 考查副词的比较级。
根据句意及上文中的“lower”可知，此处应用形容词little 的比较级形式。
故填less。
8.breaks 考查动词的时态。
本句主语是“Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare”，故谓语动词应用单数形式。
本段叙述的是客观事实，故时态主要是一般现在时。
故填breaks。
9.importance 考查词性转换。
形容词“special”应修饰名词。
故填important 的名词形式importance。
10.generally 考查词性转换。
根据语境可知，日本饮食通常也是谷类、蔬菜类、鱼类、肉类以及牛奶和水果的一个平衡。
generally 意为“通常”，在句中作状语。
故填generally。
语法填空(2016·广州市综合测试一)There once was a forest filled with happy animals. One day a raccoon (浣熊) found some socks left behind by picnickers, and 1 (decide) to wear them. They fitted so well, and felt so 2 (comfort), that he kept them on. He spent his days 3 (walk) through the forest in his new socks.Other animals became envious of the raccoon's new look and followed his trend. First it was squirrels in 4 (shirt), then rabbits 5 hats on, and finally birds wearing underpants!Doctor Bear, the forest physician, disapproved and tried to warn theclothes wearers. 6 no one listened. Instead, they urged him to follow the latest trend too.Soon, the problems started. A squirrel caught his shirt on a branch and crashed to the ground. A rabbit tried entering his hole while 7 (wear) his hat and got stuck. Even the raccoon, thanks to his bright coloured socks, slipped into the river and almost died.When the 8 (injure) animals came to see Doctor Bear, he told them, “Your clothes are killing you. You don't need 9 .”Those 10 listened to the doctor's advice finally understood they didn't need clothes. They'd only started wearing clothes to make others envy them.1．5．9．2.6.10.3.7.4.8.【参考答案】语法填空语篇解读：本文讲述了一些动物纷纷效仿穿着袜子的浣熊，穿上各种各样的衣服，结果却害了自己。
1.d ecided 根据and 可知，空处与found 构成并列谓语，故应填过去式decided 。
2．comfortable felt 为系动词，本处应用形容词作表语，故填comfortable。
3．walking spend time doing sth.“花时间做某事”，故填现在分词walking。
4．shirts 此处表示“穿着衬衫的松鼠”，应用名词的复数形式，故填shirts。
5．with 本处用“with＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构作rabbits 的定语，表示“戴着帽子的兔子”。
6.But 前后句之间为转折关系，故应填连词But。
7.wearing “当兔子戴着它的帽子尝试着进洞时”，此处为状语从句的省略，原句应为“while he was wearing his hat”。
8.injured 此处表示“受伤的动物”，应用形容词作定语。
9.them 句意：你们的衣服会要了你的命，你们不需要它们。
空处代指“clothes”，填them。
10.who 句意：那些听了医生建议的动物最终理解了它们并不需要衣服。
本处为定语从句，先行词为Those，本文拟人化，应用关系代词who。
（2017 高考选练）语法填空。
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2017·湖南六校联考)Every summer 1 he was a boy, Satchin Panda would stay on 2 grandparents' farm near Chandipur on the east coast of India. He lazed in a hammock(吊床), caught fish in the lake and climbed trees 3 (pick) mangoes. His grandfather spent most ofhis 91 years there, 4 (work) in his 20-acre field. He produced almost all that his wife and eight children needed. They 5 (cook) what he grew; they sold a little rice 6 bought salt. “He did that for his entire life，” says Panda. “He travelled more than 100 km from his home perhaps eight or nine 7 (time)．”Now Panda's home 8 (be) thousands of miles away—a four-bedroom house in San Diego, California and he 9 (regular) jets around the world for work. “If I'm within a distance of a five-hour 10 (fly) from India，” he says, “I will go and see my mom and my sister.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了Satchin Panda 祖父母以前的生活和目前他自己的生活情况。