Glossary of English Grammar Terms (英文文法术语表)2008-10-15 8:44 P.M.Active Voice 主动句In the active voice, the subject of the verb does the action.eg Cats eat fish.active subject verb objectCats eat fish.Adjective 形容词A word like big, red, easy, French etc. An adjective describes a noun or pronoun.-用来修饰名词，如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。
Adverb 副词A word like slowly, quietly, well, often etc. An adverb modifies a verb.-是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词，如quickly(快)，often(经常)，very(很)。
Article 冠词The "indefinite" articles are a and an. The "definite article" is the.-说明名词所指的人或物的词，如a，an(一个)，the(这，那)。
Auxiliary Verb 助动词A verb that is used with a main verb. Be, do and have are auxiliary verbs. Can, may, must etc are modal auxiliary verbs.比如：I am a boy. "am"就是the verb 'to be'的一种。
Clause 字句A group of words containing a subject and its verb (for example: It was late when he arrived).Conjunction 连接词A word used to connect words, phrases and clauses (for example: and, but, if).-是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词，如and(和)，because(因为)，if(假如)。
Infinitive 不定词The basic form of a verb as in to work or work.Interjection 感叹词An exclamation inserted into an utterance without grammatical connection (for example: oh!, ah!, ouch!, well!).-表示感情，如。
oh(噢)，aha(啊哈)，hush(嘘)。
Modal Verb 情态动词An auxiliary verb like can, may, must etc that modifies the main verb and expresses possibility, probability etc. It is also called "modal auxiliary verb". Noun 名词A word like table, dog, teacher, America etc. A noun is the name of an object, concept, person or place. A "concrete noun" is something you can see or touch like a person or car. An "abstract noun" is something that you cannot see or touch like a decision or happiness. A "countable noun" is something that you can count (for example: bottle, song, dollar). An "uncountable noun" is something that you cannot count (for example: water, music, money).-是人和事物的名称，如pen(钢笔)，English(英语)，life(生活)。
数词(numeral，缩写为num.)-是表示“多少”和“第几”的词，如four(四)，eighteen(十八)，first(第一)，eighth(十八)，hundred(一百)。
Object 宾语/目标In the active voice, a noun or its equivalent that receives the action of the verb. In the passive voice, a noun or its equivalent that does the action of the verb.eg. I love you. You就是所谓的宾语，接受love这个动词的人Participle 分词The -ing and -ed forms of verbs. The -ing form is called the "present participle". The -ed form is called the "past participle" (for irregular verbs, this is column 3).Part Of Speech 词类One of the eight classes of word in English - noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun, preposition, conjunction and interjection.Passive VoiceIn the passive voice, the subject receives the action of the verb (eg The President was killed). See also Active Voice.eg Fish are eaten by cats.Passive subject verb object< Fish are eaten by cats.Passive voice table: /wi3/englishcorner/grammar/vrbtbl1p.html Phrase 短语A group of words not containing a subject and its verb (eg on the table, thegirl in a red dress).Predicate 谓词Each sentence contains (or implies) two parts: a subject and a predicate. The predicate is what is said about the subject.In the following sentences, the predicate is enclosed in braces ({}), while the subject is highlighted in black.Judy {runs}.Judy and her dog {run on the beach every morning}.Preposition 介词A word like at, to, in, over etc. Prepositions usually come before a noun and give information about things like time, place and direction.-表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系，如from(从)，in(在…内)，between(在…之间)。
Prepostion of Place and DirectionPreposition of Place and Direction (in, on, at)Preposition of timePronoun 代名词A word like I, me, you, he, him, it etc. A pronoun replaces a noun. 是用来代替名词的词，如we(我们)，his(他的)，all(全部)。
一目了然的图表：/wi3/englishcorner/grammar/prntbl.html Sentence 句子A group of words that express a thought. A sentence conveys a statement, question, exclamation or command. A sentence contains or implies a subject and a predicate. In simple terms, a sentence must contain a verb and (usually) a subject. A sentence starts with a capital letter and ends with a full stop (.), question mark (?) or exclamation mark (!).Subject 主语Every sentence contains (or implies) two parts: a subject and a predicate. The subject is the main noun (or equivalent) in a sentence about which something is said.Tense 语法（时态）The form of a verb that shows us when the action or state happens (past, present or future). Note that the name of a tense is not always a guide to when the action happens. The "present continuous tense", for example, can be used to talk about the present or the future.详细的T ense表：/bbs/viewthread.php?tid=16434&extra=page%3D1这里还有：/grammar/verb-tenses_sys-tense-time.htm Verb 动词A word like (to) work, (to) love, (to) begin. A verb describes an action or state.-表示动作和状态，如write(写)，walk(行走)，think(想)。