1940年在下院发表演说背景：1940年4、5月间，德军首先“闪击”丹表、挪威，接着入侵卢森堡、荷兰和比利时。
同时，德军绕过法国自以为非常稳固的“马奇诺防线”，侵入法国境内。
5月下旬，德军直逼英吉利海峡，把40多万英、法军队追逼到敦刻尔克港附近的一块三角地带。
英、法动员了大批船只，经9昼夜苦战，才把近34万士兵运过海峡，撤入英国。
这就是历史上有名的“敦刻尔克大撤退”。
1940年5月10日，希特勒进攻西线的消息传到伦敦，伦敦舆论大哗。
张伯伦政府受到猛烈抨击，立即垮台。
一贯主张对德国采取强硬路线的丘吉尔组成新政府。
图为5月13日，丘吉尔在下院发表演说，表明他对英国的忠诚和把反法西斯战争进行到底的决心。
精彩段落：We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this island or a large part of it were subjugated（征服） and starving, then our empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British fleet（舰队）, would carry on the struggle, until, in God's good time, the new world, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old我们将在法国作战，我们将在海上和大洋中作战，我们将具有愈来愈大的信心和愈来愈强的力量在空中作战；我们将不惜任何代价保卫我们的岛屿。
我们将在海滩上作战；我们将在敌人登陆地点作战；我们将在田野和街头作战；我们将在山区作战；我们决不投降。
即使整个英伦岛或大部分土地被占，我们饥寒交迫，我们所有由英国舰队武装和保护的海外帝国也将继续战斗。
直到上帝认为适当的时候到了，新大陆将挺身而出，以其全部力量支援旧世界，解放旧世界！丘吉尔二战著名演讲：热血、汗水和眼泪1940年5月8日，由于前首相张伯伦遭到不信任质疑动议，被迫辞职。
5月10日下午6时，国王召见丘吉尔，令其组阁；一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼，邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。
3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议，发表了著名的讲话：“我没有别的，只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问：我们的目的是什么？我可以用一个词来答复：胜利，不惜一切代价去争取胜利，无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利，无论道路多么遥远艰难，也要争取胜利，因为没有胜利就无法生存。
”下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。
演讲全文：On Friday evening last I received from His Majesty the mission to form a new administration.上星期五晚上，我奉陛下之命，组织新的一届政府。
It was the evident will of Parliament and the nation that this should be conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should include all parties.按国会和国民的意愿，新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上，应该兼容所有的党派。
I have already completed the most important part of this task. A war cabinet has been formed of five members, representing, with the Labor, Opposition and Liberals, the unity of the nation.我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。
战时内阁已由五人组成，包括工党、反对党和自由党，这体现了举国团结一致。
It was necessary that this should be done in one single day on account of the extreme urgency and rigor of events. Other key positions were filled yesterday. I am submitting a further list to the King tonight. I hope to complete the appointment of principal Ministers during tomorrow.由于事态的极端紧急和严峻，新阁政府须于一天之内组成，其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。
今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单。
我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。
The appointment of other Ministers usually takes a little longer. I trust when Parliament meets again this part of my task will be completed and that the administration will be complete in all respects.其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些。
我相信，在国会下一次召开时，任命将告完成，臻于完善。
I considered it in the public interest to suggest to the Speaker that the House should be summoned today. At the end of today''s proceedings, the adjournment of the House will be proposed until May 2l with provision for earlier meeting if need be. Business for that will be notified to M. P. ''s at the earliest opportunity.为公众利益着想，我建议议长今天就召开国会。
今天的议程结束时，建议休会到5月21日，并准备在必要时提前开会。
有关事项当会及早通知各位议员。
I now invite the House by a resolution to record its approval of the steps taken and declare its confidence in the new government. The resolution: 现在我请求国会作出决议，批准我所采取的各项步骤，启示记录在案，并且声明信任新政府。
决议如下："That this House welcomes the formation of a government representing the united and inflexible resolve of the nation to prosecute the war with Germany to a victorious conclusion."“本国会欢迎新政府的组成，她体现了举国一致的坚定不移的决心：对德作战，直到最后胜利。
”To form an administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself. But we are in the preliminary Phase of one of the greatest battles in history. We are in action at any other points-in Norway and in Holland-and we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean. The air battle is continuing, and many preparations have to be made here at home. 组织如此规模和如此复杂的政府原本是一项重大的任务。
但是我们正处于历史上罕见的一场大战的初始阶段。
我们在其他许多地点作战——在挪威，在荷兰，我们还必须在地中海做好准备。
空战正在继续，而且在本土也必须做好许多准备工作。
In this crisis I think I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today, and I hope that any of my friends and colleagues or for mer colleagues who are affected by the political reconstruction will make all allowances for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.值此危急关头，我想，即使我今天向国会的报告过于简略，也当能见谅。
我还希望所有在这次改组中受到影响的朋友、同僚和旧日的同僚们对必要的礼仪方面的任何不周之处能毫不介意。
I say to the House as I said to Ministers who have joined this government, I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat. We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind. We have before us many, many months of struggle and suffering.我向国会表明，一如我向入阁的大臣们所表明的，我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验，将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。