2020届二轮复习 (二)冠词冠词的基本用法[全析考法]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018•全国卷Ⅱ)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ________ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.解析：the此处特指过去的25年，故用the past 25 years。
2．(2017•全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ________ top.解析：the top是名词，前面要用冠词，此处特指在(地铁的)顶部建造一个结实的顶，所以填定冠词the。
3．(2017•全国卷Ⅲ)Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as ________ model in New York.解析：a此处意为“作为纽约的一名模特”，在单数可数名词model前应该使用不定冠词，表示“一，一名”，且model的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
4．(2017•11月浙江高考)It's not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's ________ ongoing process.解析：an此处表示积累词汇是一个持续的过程，因为单词ongoing的读音以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词an。
5．(2017•6月浙江高考)For Pahlsson, its return was __________ wonder.解析：a wonder为可数名词，表示“奇迹，奇事”，此处为泛指，且wonder的读音以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。
6．(2015•全国卷Ⅱ)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even ________ most modern of architects and engineers.解析：the在形容词最高级的前面用定冠词the。
7．(2015•广东高考)He owned ________ farm, which looked almost abandoned.解析：a此处指一个农场，表示泛指，且farm的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
8．(2014•全国卷Ⅰ)Now, years later, this river is one of ________ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.解析：the此空后为形容词的最高级形式，故应填定冠词the。
Ⅱ.单句改错1．(2018•全国卷Ⅱ)As the kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watch them, my parents would not let me.________________解析：the→a kid在此处表泛指，且kid的读音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
2．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)I still remember how hard first day was.________________解析：first前加the/my表示第几天，序数词前要加定冠词the或者用形容词性物主代词my进行修饰。
3．(2017•全国卷Ⅱ)They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day.________________解析：第一个a→an/one hour的读音以元音音素开头，且是可数名词，所以用an/one hour 表示“一个小时”。
4．(2016•全国卷Ⅱ)But in that case, we will learn little about world.________________解析：world前加the此处特指我们所生活的这个世界。
5．(2016•四川高考)I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in kitchen.________________解析：kitchen前加the此处特指“我们家”的厨房。
6．(2015•全国卷Ⅱ)He liked it so much that he quickly walked into the shop ... A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.________________解析：outside后的a→the此处用定冠词特指上文提到的商店。
7．(2014•全国卷Ⅱ)There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.________________解析：去掉第一个the此处为泛指，不表示特指，故去掉the。
[谨记规则](一)不定冠词表示类指或某类中的“任何一个”。
A virus is a very small living thing that causes disease.表示泛指“某个”。
当说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词；或由不定冠词构成的名词词组往往带有不确定的含义，相当于a certain；或专有名词前加不定冠词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一位不认识的人或某个不确定的时间。
I have a question to ask you. In a sense what you said is true.All of a sudden, she burst into tears.Experts think that the recently discovered painting may be a Picasso.表示量指。
不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。
Suddenly they heard a loud voice.表示“每”，相当于per，用在表示价格、速度、频率等的短语中。
Prices start at ￡13.95 a yard for printed cotton.用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。
表示“一种……的人或事”He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was a great surprise to us.不定冠词用于序数词前，表示“再一，又一”。
Live a good, honorable life.Then when you get older and think back, you'll get to enjoy it a second time.(二)定冠词表示特指的人或物，或者双方都知道的或心中都明确的人或物，或者指上文已经提到过的人或事物。
Take your time —it's just a short distance from here to the restaurant.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
The earth goes around the sun.用于序数词或形容词、副词的最高级前。
Is this the first time that you have visited Qingdao？用在表示姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人或夫妻俩；或用于形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。
The explosion saw people rush to help the injured.用在世纪前或用在逢十的年代前，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
It's said that corn was grown a lot in Tibet in the 17th century.(三)零冠词专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词。
He is living in Canada now.季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前一般不加冠词。
We usually have breakfast at 7 o'clock.语言、学科名称、球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。
I'm interested in English.表示头衔和职务的名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，其前通常不用冠词。
Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford or Cambridge.”系动词turn(变成)后的单数名词作表语不用冠词。
His brother has turned writer.“(零冠词＋)单数名词/形容词最高级＋as/though(＋主语＋谓语)”，意为“尽管……但是……”。
Hero as/though he is, he has some shortcomings.冠词的固定搭配[全析考法]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018•全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ________ top of her lungs.解析：the at the top of one's lungs为固定搭配，意为“尽量大声地，声嘶力竭地”。
2．(2017•全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.As ________ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.解析：a as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。