外研版2018年英语中考归纳复习专题：连词与从句【连词】用来连接词与词、短语与短语，以及句子与句子的词叫连词。
连词属于虚词，在句中不能单独使用。
连词按其性质可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。
从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句和状语从句。
1.并列连词并列连词是指用来连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词（如and,but,or,so等），可表示并列、顺承、转折、选择、因果等关系。
常见并列连词（短语）用法如下：2.从属连词从属连词主要用来引导宾语从句（if,whether）和状语从句（如when,because,until等）。
常见从属连词用法见以下考点2宾语从句和考点3状语从句的讲解。
【考点训练1】1.The flight was delayed by the storm,_____ the passengers had to wait at the airport. （）A.butB.orC.soD.for2.There’s no ticket left for Lang Lang’s piano concert. ___you ___ your sister can go to it. （）A.Both;andB.Not only;but alsoC.Either;orD.Neither;nor3.Lucy is very young,___ she can live on her own.（）A.andB.orC.soD.but4.—I want to be a teacher when I grow up.—Work hard, ___ your dream will come true. （）A.orB.andC.butD.if5.—Tina,put your heart into study,___ you’ll fail the coming math exam.—OK,I will. （）A.andB.butC.orD.so 答案：C DDBC【宾语从句】在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
其结构是：主句+引导词+从句。
学习时要掌握宾语从句的三要素：引导词、语序、时态1.引导词2.语序宾语从句要用陈述句语序：主语+谓语+其他。
如：Do you know where the nearest hotel is?你知道最近的旅馆在哪里吗？3.时态注意：在以Could you 开头的复合句中，could通常不表示过去时态，仅表示委婉语气，从句的时态要根据实际情况而定。
如：Could you tell me where Helen lives?你能告诉我海伦住在哪里吗？Could you tell me where you went last weekend?你能告诉我上周末你去了哪里吗？要点提醒：宾语从句的简化当主句的谓语动词是tell,ask,show,teach等,且后带双宾语,从句主语和间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
此结构中的疑问词包括what,which,how,when,where等。
如:Could you tell me how I can get to the station?→Could you tell me how to get to the station?【考点训练2】1.—Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?—Some English songs，I guess. （）A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how2.Could you tell me ___ a moment ago? （）A.what were they talking aboutB.what are they talking aboutC.what they were talking aboutD.what they are talking about3.—Can you tell me ____?—Sure.He lives on Center Street. （）A.where does he liveB.where he livesC.why he lives thereD.what does he do4.—Could you please tell me ____？—Sorry,I’m new here. （）A.where can I buy some juiceB.when does the supermarket closeC.how to get to the libraryD.what time does the movie begin答案：ACBC状语从句在复合句中用作状语的从句叫状语从句。
根据其表达的意思可分为时间、条件、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、地点、方式等类型。
具体用法如下：要点提醒：1.在含有时间状语从句和条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
如：I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。
【考点训练3】1.—Does your mother have a hobby?—No，_____ you call going shopping a hobby. （）A.unlessB.becauseC.althoughD.if2.Life is like a mirror. ___ you smile at it,it will smile back. （）A.UnlessB.WhenC.UntilD.Though3.______ he had failed many times,he didn’t give up and succeeded in the end. （）A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.IfD.Since4.There will be less pollution ____ more people use public transportation. （）A.butB.thoughC.unlessD.if5.Mary had _____ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. （）A.suchB.soC.tooD.very答案：ABBDB【定语从句】在复合句中作定语,修饰主句中某一名词或代词或修饰整个句子的从句叫定语从句。
含定语从句的复合句的基本结构为:先行词+关系词+定语从句。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,通常位于定语从句之前。
定语从句须用关系代词（who,whom,whose,which,that)和关系副词(when,where,why)来引导,它们位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系词常有三个作用：①引导定语从句；②代替先行词；③在定语从句中充当一个句子成分。
其用法如下：1.关系代词的基本用法（1）关系代词that,which,who,whom在定语从句中作宾语时通常可以省略。
(2)在定语从句中，关系代词that,who,which等作主语时，谓语动词的数要与先行词的数保持一致。
如：The girls who are dancing there are my friends.那边在跳舞的女孩们是我的朋友。
2.关系副词的基本用法【考点训练4】1.—Where is the camera ___ my father bought in Japan? —Oh,let me see.I put it in your suitcase. （）A.whenB.whoseC.thatD.what2.The teenagers like the musician ___ different kinds of music. （）A.who playB.which playsC.who playsD.that play3.Keep Running is a very relaxing TV programme ____ is hot among the teenagers. （）A.whichB.whatC.whoD.whose4. According to a survey,people ___ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily. （）A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who答案：CCAD【中考示例】1.(2017·广西北部湾)His mother doesn’t like to throw away old things ___ they are useless. ( )A.butB.becauseC.even ifD.so that2.(2017·广西北部湾)—Could you tell me ____ ?—Once a month. ( )A.how often do you go to the supermarketB.how often you go to the supermarketC.how soon will you go to the supermarketD.how soon you will go to the supermarketB【解析】1.考查连词的用法。
句意：他的妈妈不喜欢扔掉旧东西，即使它们没有用了。
A项意为“但是”，表转折；B项意为“因为”，表因果；C项意为“即使”，表让步；D项意为“以便”，表目的。
由语境可知C项符合题意。
2.考查宾语从句。
根据答语可知问句询问的是频率，要用how often提问，排除C、D项；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A项。
【考题热身】1.(2017·云南)You’ll get good grades ___ you work hard. （）A.althoughB.soC.ifD.unless2.(2017·云南)—Could you tell me _____ ?—The movie Fast and Furious(激情) 8. （）A.where you saw the movieB.which movie you like bestC.where did you see the movieD.which movie do you like best3.(2017·上海)The two companies decided to work together ___ they had common interest. （）A.becauseB.unlessC.butD.or4.(2017·德州)Many people like reading newspapers ____ they can learn what’s happening in the world.（）A.so thatB.ever sinceC.as soon asD.even though5.(2017·天津)It’s not always safe to pay over the Internet，____ you should be careful. （）A.soB.afterC.becauseD.as soon as6.(2017·毕节)This is the best book ___ I have ever read.I like it very much. （）A.whichB.thatC.whoD.when7.(2017·黔东南)Could you tell us where ____ the day after tomorrow? （）A.you will goB.will you goC.you have goneD.you went8.(2017·重庆B卷)I like dancing,_____ I don’t have enough time to practice it. （）A.orB.soC.butD.because9.(2017·泰安)—The light in Bill’s office is still on.I wonder _____.—Maybe at midnight again. （）A.if will he stop workingB.why he works so hardC.how long will he workD.when he will stop working10.(2017·黔东南)I think the boy _____ is in white is his brother. （）A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom11.(2017·南充)—Excuse me.Could you please tell me _____ ?—Sure.Go along this street and turn left.It’s on your right. （）A.when I can get to the bookstoreB.when can I get to the bookstoreC.how I can get to the bookstoreD.how can I get to the bookstore12.(2017·泰安)I didn’t believe I could do it _____ I got to the top of Mount Tai. （）A.unlessB.untilC.afterD.as答案：CBAABACDCCB。