上海交通大学学报(医学版)Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Medical Science )Vol.31No.12Dec.2011[作者简介]潘懿范(1985—),女,住院医师,硕士;电子信箱:evelynpan@hotmail.com 。
[文章编号]1674-8115(2011)12-1758-05·论著·骨扫描在肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移疗效监测及预后判断中的应用价值潘懿范1,刘建军2,黄钢2,马玉波1(上海交通大学1.医学院附属第九人民医院核医学科,上海200011;2.医学院附属仁济医院核医学科,上海200127)[摘要]目的探讨全身骨扫描在肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移疗效监测及预后判断中的应用价值。
方法将40例肺癌患者和31例前列腺癌患者在系统治疗前1个月内及治疗≥3个月后分别行全身骨扫描,观察治疗前后骨转移灶的变化与肿瘤临床综合疗效的相关性。
采用Kaplan-Meier 法计算生存率,Log-rank 检验及Cox 回归模型分析影响肺癌或前列腺癌骨转移预后的危险因素。
结果肿瘤临床综合治疗有效者(59.68%,37/62)的骨转移疗效明显好于无效者(40.32%,25/62)(P <0.05)。
肺癌骨转移患者的1年生存率为54.5%,2年生存率为22.6%;前列腺癌骨转移患者的1年生存率为87.3%,2年生存率为72.3%。
单因素及Cox 多因素分析均显示:肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移患者的生存率与肿瘤类型及骨转移时长相关(P <0.05)。
肺癌与前列腺癌分组行Cox 多因素分析结果显示:肺癌骨转移的预后危险因素为病理类型、治疗前骨扫描病变范围及骨转移时长;而前列腺癌骨转移的预后与骨转移时长有关。
结论全身骨扫描为肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移的疗效监测及预后判断提供了更丰富、更准确的信息。
[关键词]骨扫描;骨转移;疗效监测;预后;肺癌;前列腺癌[DOI ]10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.12.022[中图分类号]R734.2;R737.25[文献标志码]AApplication of bone scintigraphy in therapy response monitoring and prognosis prediction in patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer and prostate cancerPAN Yi-fan 1,LIU Jian-jun 2,HUANG Gang 2,MA Yu-bo 1(1.Department of Nuclear Medicine,the Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200011,China;2.Department of Nuclear Medicine,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200127,China)[Abstract]ObjectiveTo investigate the application of bone scintigraphy in therapy response monitoring and prognosisprediction in patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer and prostate cancer.MethodsWhole-body bone scintigraphywas performed in 40patients with lung cancer and 31patients with prostate cancer one month before systematic therapy and no less than 3months after treatment.The changes of bone metastasis lesions were observed before and after treatment,and the correlation of bone metastasis with therapy response was explored.Survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method,and prognostic factors for survival were analysed by Log-rank test and Cox regression model.ResultsThetherapeutic effect of bone metastasis in clinical therapy responders in primary tumors (59.68%,37/62)was significantly better than that in clinical therapy non-responders in primary tumors (40.32%,25/62)(P <0.05).The 1-year and 2-year cumulative survival rates of patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer were 54.5%and 22.6%respectively,and those of patients with bone metastasis from prostate cancer were 87.3%and 72.3%respectively.Both univariate analysis and multivariate analysis indicated that tumor type and duration of bone metastasis were related to survival rates of patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer and prostate cancer (P <0.05).Cox regression analysis revealed that pathological type,extent of disease before treatment and duration of bone metastasis were prognostic factors in patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer,and duration of bone metastasis was the prognostic factor in patients with bone metastasis from prostate cancer.ConclusionWhole-body bone scintigraphy provides more abundant and exact information in therapy responsemonitoring and prognosis prediction in patients with bone metastasis from lung cancer and prostate cancer.[Key words]bone scintigraphy;bone metastasis;therapy response monitoring;prognosis;lung cancer;prostate cancer·8571·No.12潘懿范,等:骨扫描在肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移疗效监测及预后判断中的应用价值目前在我国,肺癌和前列腺癌的发病率和病死率都呈明显上升趋势,尤其是肺癌已是全国城市居民恶性肿瘤的首要死因[1]。
有研究[2,3]结果显示,肺癌患者的1年生存率为40% 50%,5年生存率为5% 16%;骨转移率为30% 40%,是肿瘤发展过程中最常见的并发症之一,直接导致了晚期肺癌患者的预后较差。
前列腺癌虽然发展较缓慢,但由于前列腺癌的早期表现不明显,与前列腺良性增生的症状相似,故很多患者在就诊时已经处于癌症晚期,且多已发生转移,尤其骨转移率可高达70% 80%。
前列腺癌患者的生存期与其分期密切相关,非远处转移性前列腺癌患者基本上可享有正常寿命,远处转移性前列腺癌激素治疗的平均有效期为1.5 2年,前列腺癌一旦对激素失去敏感性后,患者的平均生存期为1.5 2年。
本研究对71例治疗前后骨扫描影像存在动态变化的肺癌或前列腺癌患者进行分析,旨在评价全身骨扫描在肺癌和前列腺癌骨转移疗效监测及预后判断中的应用价值。
1资料与方法1.1研究对象选取71例结合病理检查或综合方法(临床、影像学或血液学等检查)确诊为肺癌(40例)或前列腺癌(31例)的患者为研究对象。
患者均在系统治疗前1个月内及治疗≥3个月后分别行99m Tc-亚甲基二磷酸盐(99m Tc-methylene diphosphonate,99m Tc-MDP)全身骨扫描。
其中男性57例,女性14例,年龄41 82岁,平均年龄(63.77ʃ10.47)岁。
所有病例均经病理学检查证实或6个月以上随访,临床诊断无改变。
1.2骨扫描方法采用SPECT/CT仪(Philips,美国)和99m Tc-MDP (上海原普同位素科技有限公司)检查。
所有患者均经手臂静脉注射99m Tc-MDP20 25mCi。
注射后嘱检查者饮水500mL,等待3 4h,检查前请其尽量排空膀胱。
选用低能高分辨率准直器,采集矩阵256ˑ1024,Zoom1.0,扫描速度在20cm/min左右。
使准直器尽量接近体表,常规取前后位及后前位,行全身骨扫描。
对可疑的局部阳性病变,可追加局部SPECT/CT断层显像,经衰减校正后行迭代法重建,获取横断、矢状、冠状面SPECT、CT及SPECT/CT融合断层图像。
1.3图像分析图像,符合下列任一骨转移病灶的判定标准[2,4]者,认为发生肿瘤骨转移:①不对称、多发(4个以上)和局部异常浓聚表现,除肿瘤骨转移外无其他合理解释;②有组织病理学证据;③单处及2处核素分布异常病灶,经X线、CT或MRI检查诊断为骨转移;④1个以上的可疑病灶在随访中有明显进展。