[设计]朗文词典注释所用2000核心词汇集The Longman Defining VocabularyWords used in the definitions in this dictionaryAll the definitions in this dictionary have been written using the words in this list. If a definition includes a word that is not in the list, that word is shown in small capital letters.The Defining Vocabulary has been carefully chosen after a thorough study of all the well-known frequency lists of English words. Furthermore, only the most common and ‘entral’ meanings of the words in the list have actually been used in definitions. We have also used a special computer program that checks every entry to ensure that words from outside the Defining Vocabulary do not appear in definitions.Word class restrictionsFor some words in the list, a word class label such as n or adj is shown. This means that this particular word is used in definitions only in the word class shown. So anger, for example, is used only as a noun and not as a verb. But if no word class is shown for a word, it can be used in any of its usual word classes: answer, for example, is used in definitions both as a noun and as a verb.Compound wordsDefinitions occasionally include compound words formed from words in the Defining Vocabulary, but this is only done if the meaning iscompletely clear. For example, the word businessman (formed frombusiness and man) is used in some definitions.Prefixes and suffixesThe main list is followed by a list of common prefixes and suffixes. These can be added to words in the main list to form derived words, provided the meaning is completely clear. For example, the word nervousness (formed by adding -ness to nervous) is used in some definitions.Phrasal verbsPhrasal verbs formed by combining words in the Defining Vocabulary (for example, put up with) are not used in definitions in the dictionary, except in a very small number of cases where the phrasal verb is extremely common and there is no common equivalent. So, for example,give up (as in give up smoking) and take off (as in the plane took off) are occasionally used.Proper namesThe Defining Vocabulary does not include the names of actual places, nationalities, religions, and so on, which are occasionally mentioned in definitions.Pearson Education Limited 1999Aa affect abbreviation afford ability afraid able after adv, conj,prep about afternoon above adv, prep afterwards abroad again absence against absent adj age n accept ago acceptable agree accident agreementaccidental ahead according to aim account n air n achieve aircraft achievement airport acid alcohol across alive act all adv, pron, determiner, pre-determineraction allow active almost activity alone actor, actress along actual alphabet actually already add also addition although additional always address among adjective amount n admiration amuse admire amusement admit amusing adult an advanced ancient adj advantage and adventure n anger n adverb angle n advertise angry advertisement animal advice announce advise annoy affair annoyinganother article answer artificialas anxietyas opposed to anxiousany ashamed anyone ask anything asleep anywhere association apart at apartment atom appear attack appearance attempt apple attend approval attention approve attitude area attract argue attractive argument authority arm n autumn army available around average adj, n arrange avoid arrangement awake adj arrival away adv arrive awkward artbeach n B beak baby beam n back adj, adv, n bean background bear beat backward(s) advbeautiful badbag n beauty bake v because balance become ball n bed band n beer bank n before bar n begin base n, v beginning basic behave behaviour basketbehind adv, prep bath nbattle n belief be believebell bottle n belong bottom nbowl n belowbox n belt nbend boy beneath brain n beside(s) branch n best brave adj better adj, adv bread between break v beyond adj, adv breakfast n bicycle n breast big adj breath bill breathe bird breed birth brick bit bridge n bite bright bitter adj bring black adj, n broad adj blade broadcast v blame brother blind adj brown adj, n block brush blood build v blow building blue bullet board n burn boat burst v body bury boil bus bomb bush bone n business book n busy boot n but conj border n butter n bored button n boring buy v born by prep borrow bothCcake n calm adj calculate camera call v camp n, vcan chocolate cap choice nchoose capital nchurch n carcard cigarette care cinema careful circle n careless circular adj carriage citizen carry city case n claim v castle class n cat clay catch v clean adj, v cattle clear adj, v cause clever ceiling cliff celebrate climb v cell clock n central close adj, adv, v centre n cloth century clothes ceremony clothing certain adj, determiner cloud n chain n club n chair n coal chance n coast n change coat n character coffee charge coinn chase v cold adj, n cheap collar n cheat v collect v check college cheek n colour cheerful comb cheese combination chemical combine v chemistry come cheque comfort chest comfortable chicken command chief committee child common adj children communicate chin communication company cough compare v couldcouncil n comparisoncount v competecompetition country n competitor countryside complain courage complaint course n complete court n completely cover complicated cow n compound n crack n, v computer crash n, v concern v crazy concerning cream n concert creature condition n crime confidence criminal confident criticism confuse criticize confusing crop n connect cross n, v connection crowd conscious cruel consider crush v consist cry contain cup n container cupboard ccure ontinuecontinuous curl contract n current ncurtain n controlcurve conversationcook n, v custom n copy customercut corncycle v corner ncorrect adj, vcostcottonDdaily adj, adv dangerous damage dark dance date n danger daughter day difference dead adj differentdifficult deal ndifficulty deal withdeath dig vdebt dinner decay direct deceive direction decide dirt decisiondirty adj decorate disappoint decoration disappointing decrease discover deep adj discovery defeat discuss defence discussion defend disease n definite dish n definitely dismiss degree distance delay distant deliberate adj divide deliberately do vdelicate doctor n deliver document n demand dog n department dollar depend door dependent double adj, v, pre-determiner depth doubt describe down adv, prep description draw v desert n drawer deserve dream design dress n, v desirable drink desire drive n, v desk drop destroy drug n destruction drum n detail n drunk pastpart, adj determination dry determined duck n develop dull adj dictionary during die v dust n dutyEeach engine eager engineer n ear enjoy early enjoyable earn enjoyment earth n enough east enter eastern entertain easy adj entertainment eat entrance n economic envelope edge n environment educate equal adj, n educated equipment education escape effect n especially effective establish effort even adj, adv egg evening eight event either ever elbow every elect v everyone election everythingelectric everywhere electricity evil electronic exact adj else exactly embarrass examination embarrassing examine emotion example emphasize excellent employ v except conj, prep employer exchange employment excite empty adj, v exciting enclose excuse encourage exercise end exist enemy existence energy expectexpensive express v experience expression explain extreme adj explanation extremely explode eye explosionexplosiveFface field n fact fifth factory fightfigure n fail vfill vfailure fair adj film fairly final adj faith finally faithful adj financial fall find v false find out familiar fine adj family finger n famous finish v far fire farm firm adj farmer first adj, determiner fashion n fish fashionable fit adj, v fast adj, adv five fasten fix vfat flag n father n flame n fault n flash n, v favourable flat adj favourite adj flesh fear n flight feather n float v feature n flood feed v floor n feel v flour n feeling(s) flow female flower n fence n fly n, v fever fold few followfond freeze v food frequent adj foot n fresh football friend forprep friendly force frighten foreign frightening foreigner from forest n front adj, n forget fruit n forgive full adj fork n fun form funeral formal funny former fur n fortunate furniture forward(s) adv further adj, adv four(th) future frame nfreefreedomGgain v gold game n good garage n goodbye garden goods gas n govern gate government gather v graceful general adj gradual generally grain generous gram gentle grammar gentleman grand adj get grandfather gift grandmother girl grandparent give v grass n glad grateful glass adj, n grave n glue great adj go v green goat greet god greeting grey adj, n guest n ground n guideguilty group ngun n growgrowthguard vguess vHhabit high adj, adv hair hill half himhimself hallhis hammer nhand n historical handle history hang v hit happen v hold v happy hole hard holiday n hardly hollow adj harm holy harmful home adv, n hat honest hate v honour n hatred hook n have hope he hopeful head n horn health horse n healthy hospital hear hot adj heart hotel heat hour heaven house n heavy adj how adv heel n human height humorous hellohumour help hundred(th) helpful hungry her(s) hunt v here hurry herself hurt v hide v husband nIice n inner idea insect if inside ignore instead ill adj institution illegal instruction illness instrument image insult vimaginary insulting imagination insurance imagine insure immediately intelligence importance intelligent important intend impressiveintention improve interest improvement interesting in adv, prep international adj include interrupt including into income introduce increase introduction independent invent indoor(s) invitation industrial invite vindustry involve infect inwards infection iron adj, n infectious island influence v it proninform itsinformation itself injureinjuryink nJjaw joke jewel journey n jewellery judge job judgement join juice joint jumpjust advjusticeKkeen kitchen keep v knee n key n kneel kick knife n kill v knock v kilo knot kilogram know v kilometre knowledge kindkingkissLlack legallend ladylength adv, pron, determiner lakelamb less lamp lesson land let v language let go of large letterlast adv, determiner level adv, adj, nlate library lately lid laugh lie laughter lie down law life lawyer lift lay v light layer n like prep, v lazy likely lead v limit leaf n line n lean v lion learn lip least liquid leather list n leave v listen v left literature leg n litrelittle loss live v lot load loud local adj love lock low adj lonely lower long adj, adv loyal look n, v loyalty look after luck n look for lucky look sth up lung loose adjlord nloseMmachine n meal machinery mean v magazine meaning n magic means mail measure main adj measurement make v meat make into medical adj make up v medicine male meet v man n meeting manage melt manager member manner memory many mental map n mention v march v message mark metal nmethod market nmarriage metre married middle marry might v mass n mile matchmiliary adj material n milk n mathematics million(th) matter mind may v mine n, pron me mineralminister n motor adj, n minute n mountain mirror n mouse miss v mouth n mist n move v mistake n movement mix v much mixture mud model n multiply modern adj murder moment muscle n money music monkey n musician month must v moon n my moral adj mysterious more mystery morning mostmother nNnail new name news narrow adj newspaper nasty next adj, adv nation nice national adj night natural adj nine nature ninth navy no adv, determinernear adj, adv, prep noise n nearly none pron neat nonsense necessary no one neck nor need normal needle n north negative adj northern neither nose n nerve n not nervous note n net n nothing network n notice never noticeablenoun nurse now nut nowherenumber nOobey opponent object n opportunity obtain oppose occasion n as opposed to ocean opposite o’clock opposition of oroff adv, prep orange offence order offend ordinary offensive adj organ offer organize office organization officer origin officialoriginal often other oil n ought old our(s) old-fashioned out adj, adv on adv, prep outdoor(s) once adv outer one outside onion over adv, prep only owe only just own onto owner open adj, v oxygen operate operationopinionPpack v painting package pair n page n pale adj pain n pan n painful paper n paint parallel adj, nparent piece n park pig npile n parliamentpilot n part nparticiple pin particular adj pink adj, n partly pipe n partner npity party n place pass v plain adj, n passage plan passenger plane n past plant path plastic patient adj plate n pattern n play pause pleasant pay please payment pleased peace pleasure n peaceful plenty pron pen n plural pence pocket n pencil n poem people n poet pepper n poetry per cent point perfect adj pointed perform poison performance poisonous perhaps pole n period n police n permanent polish v permission polite person political personal politician persuade politics pet n pool n petrol poor photograph popular phrase n population physical adj port n piano n position n pick vpositivepick up possess picture n possessionpossible adj probably adj possibly problemprocess n possibilityproduce v postpot n product potato production pound n profession pour profit n powder n programme power n progress n powerful promise practical pronounce practice pronunciation practise proof n praise proper pray property prayer proposal prefer protect preparation protection prepare protective present adj, n protest preserve v proud president prove press v provide pressure n public pretend pull pretty adj pump prevent punish previous punishment price n pupil priest pure prince purple principle purpose n print push prison put prisonerprivate adjprize nQquality question quantity quick adj quarrel quiet adj, n quarter n quite queen nRrabbit n remain race remark n radio n remember railway remind rain remove v raise v rent range n repair rank n repeat v rapid adj replace rare reply rat n report rate n represent rather representative n raw request n reach v respect react responsible reaction rest read v restaurant ready adj restrict real result realize return n, v really reward reason rice reasonable rich receive rid recent ride recentlyright adj, adv, n recognize ring n record n, v rise red risk reduceriver reduction road refusal rob refuse v rock n regard v roll v regular adj romantic adj related roof n relative room n relation root n relationship rope n relax rose relaxing rough adj religion round adj, adv, prepreligious rowroyal adj ruler rub v runrush v rubberruderuin vruleSsad sensitive safe adj sentence n safety separate adv, v sail series sale serious salt n servant same serve sand n service n satisfaction set n, v satisfactory settle v satisfy seven(th) save v several say v severe scale n sex n scatter v sexual scene shade school n shadow n science shake scientific shall scientist shame n scissors shape screen n share screw sharp adj sea she search sheep season n sheet seat shelf second adv, n, determiner shell n secret shelter secretary shine v see v shiny seed n ship n seem shirt sell v shock n, v send shocking sense n shoe n sensible shoot vshop smell shore n smilesmoke short adjsmooth adj shot nshould snake n shoulder n snow shout so show n, v soap n shut social adj shy society sick adj sock n side n soft sideways soil n sight n soldier n sign solid signal solution silence n solve silent some pron, determinersilk somehow silly someone silver something similar sometimes simple somewhere since son sincere n song sing soon single adj sore adj singular sorry sink v sort n sister soul sit sound n, v situation soup six(th) sour adj size n south skilful southern skill space n skin n speak skirt n special adj sky n specific sleep speech slide v speed n slight adj spell v slippery spend slope spin v slow spirit n small in spite ofsplit v string n spoil v strongstructure n spoon nstruggle sport nspot n student spread v studystupid springstyle n square adj, nstage n subject n stair substancesucceed stampstand v success standard successfulsuch star nsuck vstart state sudden statement suffer station n sugar n stay suggest steady adj suit steal v suitable steam n sum n steel n summer steep adj sun n stem n supply n, v step support n, v stick supposesticky sure adj stiff adj surface n still adj, adv surprise sting surprising stitch surround v stomach n swallow v stone n swear stop sweep v store sweet storm n swell v story swim straight adj, adv swing strange sword stream n sympathetic street sympathy strength system stretch vstrictstrike vTtable n third tail n this pron, determiner take v thorough talkthose tall though taste thought tax thousand(th) taxi n thread n tea threat teach threaten team n threatening tear three technical throat telephone through adv, prep television throw tell thumb n temper nticket n temperature tidy adj, v temporary tie ten tight adj tend time n tendency tired tennis tiring tense n title tent to terrible tobacco test today than toe n thank together that conj, pron, determiner toilet the tomorrow theatre tongue their(s) tonight them too then adv tool n there tooth therefore top adj, n these total adj, n they touch thick adj tourist thief towards thin adj tower n thing town think v toy n track n trouble trade n trouserstrue adj traditionaltrust traffic ntrain truth training try v translate tube transparent tune n trap turn travel twice treat v twist treatment two tree type n tribe typical trick n, v tyre trip ntropicalUugly up adj, adv, prepupper under prepupright adj, adv understandunderwear upset v, adj undo upside down unexpected upstairs adj, adv uniform n urgent union us unit use unite useful universe useless university usual unlessuntilunusualVvalley victory valuable adj view n value n village variety violence various violent vegetable visit vehicle voice n verb vote very adv vowel Wwages whip waist whistle wait v white wake v who walk whole wall n whose war n why adv, conj warm adj, v wide adj, advwidth warmthwarn wife warning wild adj, advwill washwilling wastewatch win v water windwindow wavewine n waywe wing nwinter weakwire n wealthweapon wise adj wear v wish weather n with weave v within wedding without week woman weekly adj, adv wood weigh wooden weight n wool welcome word n well adj, adv, n work west world western adj worry wet adj worse what pre-determiner, determiner, pron worst whatever worth wheat would wheel n wound when adv, conj wrap v whenever wrist where write whether wrong adj, adv, nwhichwhile conjYyear young adj yellow your(s) yesyetyouZzero。