写作专题 1 三段式作文法
重点诠释：
所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。
就整体篇章结构而言，如何把握较大的写作空间，三段式的写作模式为最佳选择。
三段式的模式写法通常为：
1．第一段开门见山，提出要解决的问题或观点，或者把时间，地点，人物和主要事件及时点出。
2．第二段要摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。
3．最后一段，得出结论或理由。
注意：要学会使用过渡词。
过渡词犹如“桥梁”和“粘合剂”。
恰当地使用过渡词可避免结
构松散，层次分明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。
常用的过渡词有：递进型：also, (and)besides,what’s more, moreover, furthermore, in addition,even, what’sworse,worse still, to make matters worse, not only …but also等；
解释型：that is (to say), in other words, or，namely,if fact, in reality, as a matter of fact等；
转折型：however,but, yet, nevertheless, instead, on the contrary,on the other hand 等；
列举型：firstly…secondly…finally, （on the one hand, on the other hand）, （for one thing, for another）等
举例型：for example, for instance, such as, that is, like, take… for example等；
因果型：because (of), since, now that, thanks to, due to;thus,therefore,as a result(consequence),so… that, so that等；
让步型：though, although, in spite of, despite 等；
顺序型：first…next…and then…finally, first…then…after that…finally 等；
并列型：and, both…and, or, either…or, as well as, 等
时间型：afterwards, soon, later, the moment/ immediately/ on doing, hardly…when, no sooner…than 等
总结型：in a word, to sum up, in short, on the whole, in conclusion 等
见解型：in my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned，I’m sure 等
条件型：if, as long as,so long as, on condition that , unless 等
写作典例：
假设你是李越，你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说，他和他的一些同学正在学中文，请你推荐两本学中文的词典。
根据下表提供的信息，请你给他写一封回信。
英汉词典新华字典
收词（字）18000（英语）
20000 （汉语）
10000
价格52元11元
特点大量例子，用法说明，适
合初学者中国最常用的汉语字典
注意：1。
词数：100左右；
2．参考词汇：推荐recommend; 英汉词典The English-Chinese Dictionary (ECE);
新华字典Xinhua Dictionary (XD)
Dear Steve,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Yours
Li Yue 分析：此篇书面表达属于实物说明文，其篇章结构可按三段式进行写作。
本文的第一
段，可用直接的叙述“I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese”.正文即可作为第二段，其主要内容是对两本词典的一些介绍。
结束语即可作为第三段。
应将两本词典的特点表达准确，以便加拿大笔友Steve作出合理选择。
表达时，文章的基本时态
可考虑用一般现在时。
范文：
Dear Steve,
I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.
I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words, besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you how to use a word. Xinhua Dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary, and it has a vocabulary fo 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECD is more expensive. It costs 52 yuan,and XD costs 11 yuan.
Please let me know if you want me to buy one for you.
Yours,
Li Yue
针对练习：（用三段式表达，注意用过渡词）
1．目前，地球面临水资源危机，请根据一下提示写一篇100词左右的短文。
1）人们以为淡水是取之不尽的
2）实际上淡水是非常紧张的
3）人类应该怎样办
Global Shortage of Fresh Water
Many people believe that the world’s supply of fresh water will never be used up. They think that fresh water comes from such a variety of sources that it is always sufficient for use. Such an
opinion leads to a shocking waste of water.
As a matter of fact, the earth is short of fresh water. Furthermore, with the rapid growth of the
world population, the rising demand for water by industry, and the serious pollution of our surroundings, the world is facing the ganger of running out of fresh water. Actually, in some big
cities, fresh water can not meet the daily needs.
Therefore, to find new ways to save water is an urgent task. First, we should pass strict laws
to control any waste of water. Second, scientists must work even harder to purify sea water, and
try to find substitute to reduce the use of fresh water.
写作典例：
暑假即将来临，你班同学就假期计划进行讨论，提出了不同看法，请根据提示写一篇英语短
文，并谈谈你的看法。
优点缺点
呆在家中花费少，舒适方便不能亲自了解外界
外出旅游增长知识，开阔眼界。
花费多，旅途不便
注意：1。
词数120左右（不含已写好部分）
2．短文必须包括表中所列要点，可根据内容分段表述；
3．可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
4．参考词汇：眼界horizon(view)。