1．条件状语从句：如果，只要，除非，倘若，条件是，唯一的条件是，以免，以防常用引导词：if, unless,特殊引导词：as/so long as（只要）, only if（唯一的条件是）, in case that（以防）, on condition that 条件是providing/provided that（倘若）, supposing that（倘若）,1）Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.( 除非,若不；相当于if---not)即：If you are too tired, we’ll not go out for a walk.2）You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.(只要，表示条件的唯一性)3）Take your umbrella in case it rains.（以防---，以免---）4）I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep a secret.(条件是---)5）Supposing it rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?( 如果,假如)6）He won't be against us in the meeting provided/providing that we ask for his advice in advance.( 假如,除非以……为条件)7）You will be successful in the interview once y ou have confidence.(一旦---就--)8）You will be successful in the interview only if you have confidence. 你只有有信心才会成功。
if only 要是。
就好了only if 唯一的条件是2. 时间状语从句：当。
时，前后动作的连贯，一边一边，在。
之前，在之后，自从，直到。
才，一。
就when, while, as, before, after, since , till, untilevery time,"一…就…"no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when ,instantly, immediately , directly, the minute, the moment, the second, the day ,the instant ,as soon as,1）When she came in, I stopped eating. (当---的时候，表示“瞬时动词”)2）While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (当---的时候，was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)3）I like playing football while you like playing basketball.（然而，表示“对比”）4）As we was going out, it began to snow.（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）5）We always sing as we walk.（as表示“一边……一边”）6）Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.(“在---之前”或“----才”)7）My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.（“刚好在---之前”或“---就”）8）After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. （在---之后）9）I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.(“直到----才”，主句中的动词为非延续性动词)10）I worked until he came back. (“直到----才”，主句中的动词为延续性动词)11) Where have you been since I last saw you? (自从---)12) I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. (一----就---，另外有immediately, instantly)13)The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. (一----就---，另外有the instant, the minute，ect.)14)As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up. (一----就---)15)He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey. (一----就---,另外有hardly/scarcely----when---)16) By the time you came back, I had finished this book.(“到---时为止”，从句是一般过去时，主句是过去完成时。
)17)By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. (“到---时为止”，从句是一般现在时，主句是将来完成时。
)18) Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.( “每当---的时候”或“每次”，复习each time, every time和whenever)3．有关时间状语从句的重点句型1）It will be four days before they come back. (It will be--- before---过很久才----)2）It won’t be f our days before they come back.( It won’t be---before---不久就---)2）It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.(“It was not until---that----”not until的强调句型)3）Not until the meeting was over did he begin to teach me English.( not until的倒装句型。
) 4) It is/has been five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。
(“It is/has been---since”自从---以来多长时间)5) Hardly had I sat down when h e stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。
（“hardly/scarcely----when---”/同“no sooner ---than”注意时态的应用。
）4．原因状语从句（5个that）常用引导词：because=in that, since=now that(既然), as既然, for(补充说明)特殊引导词：seeing that, in that ,now that, considering that, given that（考虑到）.1)The sweater shrank because it was washed badly. (强调“直接原因”)2)Since [As] we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.（由于）3) Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. （“既然”强调双方共知的原因,复习“now (that),seeing (that)， considering (that)， in that”）4）He could not have seen me, for I was not there.( for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。
)5）The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。
(“not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句)6）Seeing that he was a hard worker, he achieved a lot7）The speech is all the important in that it was made by a man of authority8）Now that you stopped smoking, how much do you weigh?9）Considering that she is old, he sent her to a nursing home.10）Given that he has always been dreaming of visiting the great wall, it seems cruel not to take him to Beijing.5结果状语从句如此，以致于常用引导词：s o … that, such … that, 以致于特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,1) There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused.(太---以至于)2) They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. (太---以致于)3) It was very cold, so that the river froze.（以致于）4) 注意状语从句与too….to..enough to…, so… as to结构的不同。