2012.3mPas@180℃
26
Flow Curve -- Starch
Pasting
temperature
27
Flow Curve -- Starch
28
Yield Stress – Slurry with Vane Spindle
For
particle filled or soft-solid samples Constant Shear rate: lower than 1 /s No destroy of sample
14
粘温曲线-ARRHENIUS 分析
100
mPas
10 10 15 20 Temperature
crude oil
25 T
30
35
° C
40
Arrhenius Analysis low T
Arrhenius Analysis high T
15
粘弹性行为 (PIB)
Die swell when flowing out of a capillary
dh const.
6
为什么测定粘度
对粘度数据的正确的解释可以：
降低不合格率 使生产和配方工艺研究的费用最低 确保稳定的产品质量
7
典型剪切率范围:
Process sedimentation surface levelling
Shear Rate (1/s) < 0.000001 to 0,0001 0,001 to 0,1
(high-speed) coating, blade coating
100 000 to 1 mio.
8
流体类型
Newtonian牛顿流体:
honey蜂蜜,
Mineral oil矿物油, water水, silicone硅油, glycerin甘油
Non-Newtonian:非牛顿流体
viscous
viscoelastic
elastic
fluid Newton's law
38
viscoelastic fluid
viscoelastic solid
solid Hooke's law
Measuring range
Liquid (ideal-) viscous flow behavior Newton’s law Flow/viscosity curve Viscoelastic flow behavior Maxwell’s law
Delta=72.071%@60s
33
Temperature Ramp – Crude Oil
Evaluation Window Derivatives
1
10 Pa·s
0
0.1
Crude Oil
0.05 0
CC 27; [d=0 mm] Y Viscosity Y X
10 -0.05 -0.1
16
Weissenberg effect during a stirring process
流变测试方法—旋转测试17Step of Flow Testing
1 new test
2 method edit 3 start 4 graph
5 data display
6 regression result
29
Yield Stress -- Slurry
Yield stress:
331.4Pa
30
Thixotropy – paint: method
31
Thixotropy – paint:regression
32
Thixotropy – paint: regression graph
Delta=63.803%@10s
Pseudoplastic假塑性:hand lotion润手乳液, ink油墨, shampoo香波 Dilatant膨胀性: cornstarch玉米淀粉, ceramic slurry陶瓷泥浆, cement水泥 Plastic塑性: ketchup番茄酱, mayonnaise蛋黄酱 Thixotropic触变性: latex paint乳胶涂料
Solid Viscoelastic deformation behavior Kelvin/ voigt’s law (ideal-)elastic deformation behavior Hooke’s law
Creep test, relaxation test, oscillatory tests
6 data display
7 regression result
41
Creep
42
Creep Test
shear stress step with 0 const.
creep in time interval t0 to t2 creep recovery in time interval t2 to t4 elastic reformation e remaining deformation (viscous portion)
39
Prepare before test
Trimming tools
Always use the suitable tools: Scraper/ Syringe
Zerogap at measuring temperature Set waiting time after loading sample
18
Flow Curve—method
Measuring system Click for method edit
19
Flow Curve--graph
Click for axis changing
20
Flow Curve—data display
Click for
parameters changing
3
粘度
什么是粘度? 为什么要测粘度? 哪些客户需要测定粘度?
4
粘度定义
动力粘度:
τ η γ
Pa 1/s Pas
1 Pas = 1000 mPas 1 MPas = 1000 kPas = 1 Mio. Pas
(1643 – 1727)
previously used unit: 1 cP = 1 mPas
Copy for
paste to Excel…
21
Flow Curve -- regression
2 Start regression
1 Select fluid type
3 Fluid equation
22
Flow Curve – regression graph
23
Flow Curve – Polymer melt
-1

10
Crude Oil [POUR-PT,HIGH] T = 30.25 癈 ; eta = 0.5377 Pa穝 Viscosity
Crude Oil [CLOUD-PT]
-2
10
T = 36.22 °C; eta = 0.01199 Pa·s Viscosity
-3
10
20
25
30 35 40 Temperature T
45
50
55 °C 60
Anton Paar GmbH
35
流变测试方法—
蠕变,松弛,振荡测试
36
Viscoelastic Behavior Measurement
Creep test
Relaxation test
Oscillatory test…
37
Definitions
Rheology describes the deformation and flow behavior
5
Two-Plate-Model
F Shear stress A
Shear rate
v (D ) h
N m2 Pa
m 1 1 s m s s

dv const. const.
sagging
dip coating pipe flow, pumping, filling into containers coating, painting, brushing spraying
0,01 to 1
1 to 100 1 to 10 000 100 to 10 000 1 000 to 10 000
1 1 2
2

11
剪切增稠流动行为
flow curve
viscosity curve
- shear-thickening - dilatant
12
屈服力
yield point as limiting value of the shear stress
linear scales
13
logarithmic scales
9
理想粘性流动行为
Synonym: Newtonian flow behavior
flow curves
viscosity curves
10
剪切变稀流动行为
1
2
γ1
γ2
flow curve
viscosity curve
- shear-thinning - pseudoplastic

10
-3
10
20
25
30 35 40 Temperature T