第46期轮机英语试题一、单项选择题1. In order to control thermal stresses ,some type of modern engines use piston with______.A. heavy wall and intensive coolingB. heavy wall and no coolingC. thin wall and no coolingD. thin wall and intensive cooling2. The average pressure exerted on a piston during each power stroke is termed______.A. indicated horsepowerB. mean effective pressureC. exhaust back pressureD. compression pressure3. The ignition quality of a diesel fuel is indicated by the ______.A. cetane numberB. volatility pointC. viscosity indexD. octane number4. A piston in a four-stroke/cycle diesel engine makes four strokes during each ______.A. crankshaft revolutionB. mechanical cycle of operationC. period of two combustion cyclesD. cycle of two events5. Crankshafts of medium speed engines are ______ from a single piece of steel.A. unusually solid weldedB. never be solid forgedC. almost invariably solid forgedD. almost invariably be welded6. The starting air entering the cylinder begins when the piston______.A. has nearly come to the TDCB. has just past the TDCC. has nearly come to the BDCD. has just past the BDC7. A main bearing consists of two shells which are secured by means of studs and ______.A. tie rodsB. through boltsC. lead wiresD. bearing caps8. Compared to four-stroke/cycle engines, two-stroke/cycle diesel engines have the disadvantage of ______.A. less even torqueB. higher cylinder head temperaturesC. fewer power strokes per revolutionD. greater weight/size requirements9.______ controls the fuel oil temperature in order to provide oil at the correct viscosity for combustion.A. The viscosity regulatorB. The temperature controllerC. The flow meterD. greater weight/size requirements10. In a diesel engine lube oil system, which of the following parts should be lubricated first?A. Camshaft bearingsB. Main bearingsC. Piston crownsD. Cylinder walls11. A large, low-speed, main propulsion diesel engine uses sea water to directly cool the ______.A. cylinder headsB. exhaust valvesC. scavenging airD. injectors12. In a turbocharger, inlet air velocity is increased in the ______.A. inlet nozzle ringB. stationary diffuser passagesC. compressor outlet voluteD. rotating impeller vanes13. Each cylinder has one starting valve which is usually opened by air pressure and closed by______.A. nuts and boltsB. new jointsC. spring forceD. sealing rings14. In a simple mechanical governor, the ______.A. centrifugal force rotates the ball-headB. flyweight centrifugal force is balanced by spring forceC. flyweight centrifugal force is balanced by hydraulic pressureD. speeder spring alone actuates the fuel control rod15. A pyrometer is an instrument commonly used to measure ______.A. cylinder pressureB. flame intensityC. exhaust gas temperatureD. crankshaft axial alignment16. After starting a diesel engine, which of the listed operating conditions should be checked first?A. Air box pressureB. Lube oil pressureC. Exhaust temperaturesD. Raw water pressure17. A high temperature alarm or ______ which will melt is used to guard against the explosion of compressor air pipelines.A. a flame trapB. a relief valveC. a fusible plugD. a bursting cap18. What preventative maintenance should be done frequently to diesel engines starting air receivers?A. Drain the accumulated moistureB. Test the relief valvesC. Watch the temperature to prevent fluctuation in pressureD. Clean the interior to remove oil and foreign matter19. In reducing engine speed to an efficient propeller speed by the use of reduction gears, ______.A. speed and torque are both reducedB. speed is reduced and torque remains unchargedC. speed is reduced and torque is increasedD. speed is sometimes unchanged while torque is increased20. Which of the following statements concerning fire-tube boilers is correct?A. Combustion gases flow through the tubesB. Flames impinge on the tubesC. Combustion occurs in the tubesD. Water flows through the tubes21. The exhaust boilers are used to recover some of ______ carried in the exhaust gas from the main engine.A. waterB. oilC. heatD. steam22. The water level in a steaming auxiliary boiler will always ______.A. rise when the steam pressure is increasedB. remain constant as long as the feed pump operatesC. fall when the steam pressure is decreasedD. vary as the steam demand changes23. When lighting off an auxiliary boiler, which of the problems listed could cause the burners to sputter?A. Cold fuel oilB. Low fuel oil pressureC. Low atomizing steam pressureD. Water in the fuel oil24. If the feed pump for an auxiliary boiler fails to deliver the feed water to the boiler, the cause may be ______.A. high steam pressure in the boilerB. abnormally high feed-water temperatureC. abnormally high boiler water temperatureD. steam demand exceeding feed pump capacity25. Through a ______ pump, the liquid is transferred from the suction to the discharge by themechanical variation of the volume of a chamber or chambers.A. positive displacementB. ejectorC. centrifugalD. air compressor26. Sealing lines provide sealing liquid flow to the stuffing box of a centrifugal pump______.A. to prevent seawater from passing out the stuffing box when a high suction head is presentB. to cool the shaftC. in place of mechanical sealsD. in place of lantern rings27. Which of the valves listed will be cycled from fully open to fully close when the handle is turned 90 degree?A. A rising steam gate valveB. A globe stop valveC. A check valveD. A butterfly valve28. Centrifugal pumps, used to handle hot liquids, must have a minimum flow through them under all operating conditions. This flow serves to ______.A. prevent overheating and damage to pump rotating parts due to rubbingB. maintain the net positive suction head of the pumpC. maintain hydraulic differential in the pump impeller passagesD. purge the pump of non-condensable vapors and gases29. If you heard a …crankling ‟noise in a centrifugal pump, the most probable cause of the problem would be ______.A. insufficient speedB. cavitationC. excess discharge pressureD. excessive net positive suction head30. In the process of ______, liquid changes into gas.A. evaporationB. frostingC. condensingD. compressing31. The device used for low-pressure control and high-pressure cutout on a compressor is called a ______.A. cutoutB. pressure controllerC. controller switchD. cutout switch32. A purge recovery system is used in central air conditioning or refrigeration system to ______.A. purge lube oil from the liquid refrigerantB. recover water purged from the systemC. separate foul gases from the receiverD. purge non-condensable gases without losing refrigerant33. In an air conditioning system, low head pressure associated with a reciprocating compressor can be the result of ______.A. broken valve springsB. tight drive beltsC. high line voltageD. air in the system34. When discharging bilge water over board, which criteria must be observed?A. The requirement for the oil content of bilge water discharged is under 15 ppmB. No discharge in sensitive watersC. Any discharge in sensitive watersD. International, national or local requirements have to be observed35. The following measures can be used to improve oily water separator‟s separating effect except ______.A. overhauling every two yearB. working at intervalsC. renewing filtration materialD. properly heating36. Disposal of all kinds of garbage but ______ listed as below is prohibited whining Special Areas.A. comminuted or ground papers, rags, glass, metal etcB. plasticsC. food waste comminuted or groundD. Incinerator ash37. When does auxiliary burner of incinerator put into operation?Ⅰ、start incinerator when it is cold Ⅱ、little waste oil for dealing withⅢ、plenty of waste oil for dealing withⅣ、the water and impurity in sludge are too muchⅤ、the temperature in incinerator is lowⅥ、dealing with little solid rubbishA. Ⅱ+Ⅲ+ⅤB. Ⅰ+ Ⅱ+Ⅲ+ⅣC. Ⅰ+Ⅳ+Ⅴ+ⅥD. Ⅰ+ Ⅱ+Ⅲ+ Ⅵ38. Bacteria which live ______ are said to be aerobic.A. in the presence of oxygenB. without oxygenC. in the presence of nutritionD. without nutrition39. When centrifuging heavy fuel oil , an important factor to consider is (are) the ______.①flow rate②viscosity of the fuel oilA. ①B. ②C. ①②D. Neither ① nor ② are correct40. To ensure lube oil purifier working in normal condition, the interval between two sludge discharging should not exceed ______ hours.A. 2B. 4C. 5D. 641. ______ can not cause oil flow from water outlet of self cleaning purifier.A. Oil temperature too highB. Diameter of gravity disc too largeC. Oil temperature too lowD. High level tank out of water42. In the production of freshwater from seawater through a process of heating and cooling, the cooling phase of production is usually called ______.A. evaporationB. distillationC. dehydrationD. condensation43. Distilled water from an evaporator may be discharged into a potable water tank ______.A. through a detachable hose connectionB. after passing through an activated charcoal filterC. after chemical analysis shows it is fit for consumptionD. through a solenoid operated three-way valve44. What type of valve is used to direct the flow of hydraulic fluid?A. relief valveB. direction control valveC. stop valveD. pressure control valve45. Cargo handling unit is rated according to the ______ to be lifted.A. cargo craneB. jibC. safe working loadD. oil pressure46. The crane is usually mounted on a pedestal to offer adequate ______to the operator.A. timeB. spaceC. lengthD. visibility47. Proper internal lubrication of a hydraulic anchor windlass left idle for extended periods can be accomplished by ______.A. performing a check run on the unit at regular intervalsB. testing the hydraulic fluid for proper PHC. checking the reservoir for proper levelD. cleaning strainers at regular intervals48. ______ are used for hauling in or letting out the wires which fasten the ship to the shore.A. Cargo winchesB. Mooring winchesC. WindlassesD. Cargo hatches49. The major source of chemical contaminants in hydraulic fluid is ______.A. microscopic steel shavingsB. abrasive wasteC. anti-oxidant compoundsD. oxidation by-products50. If you install a new hydraulic hose in a hydraulic system , the hose must be long enough to allow for contraction to prevent______.A. failure of the hydraulic hoseB. excessive flow through the lineC. friction in other areas of the hydraulic systemD. overheating of the hydraulic fluid51. A circuit that has one wire in contact with the hull of the ship is a ______.A. series circuitB. grounded circuitC. short circuitD. closed circuit52. The frequency of an alternator at a given r/min is determined by the ______.A. number of turns of wire in the armature coilB. number of magnetic polesC. strength of the magnets usedD. output voltage53. The operation of paralleling two alternators requires the voltages to be _____and also in phase.A. zeroB. eliminatedC. differentD. equal54. The frequency of an AC generator is controlled by the ______.A. rheostatB. governorC. exciterD. capacitor55. A motor enclosure which protects against falling liquids is classified as ______.A. water-proofB. drip-proofC. spray-tightD. spray-proof56. ______ are supplied with electricity by main switchboard directly.A. Suez Canal searchlight, air compressor and air conditioning compressor.B. Air compressor, boiler blower and refrigeration plantC. Boiler blower, Suez Canal searchlight and refrigeration plantD. Suez Canal searchlight and boiler blower57. ______ is not installed on the emergency switchboard.A. AmmeterB. V oltmeterC. WattmeterD. Synchroscope58. When two D.C. generators operate in parallel, they are protected against motorizing by ______.A. blow out coilsB. governor relayC. under voltage tripsD. reverse current trips59. Moisture in a D.C. motor would cause ______.A. short circuitB. speed upC. slow downD.hunting60. The part of a fuse that melts and opens the circuit is made of ______.A. copper and antimonyB. steel and babbittC. aluminum or beryllium alloyD. zinc or an alloy of tin and lead61. The main purpose of an electric space heater installed in a large AC generator is to ______.A. prevent the windings from becoming brittleB. prevent moisture from condensing in the windings during shutdownC. prevent acidic pitting of the slip ringsD. keep the lube oil warm for quick starting62. Sparking at the brushes of a running motor could be an indication of ______.A. normal operationB. a dirty commutatorC. increased brush capacityD. water vapor absorption63. Prior to starting, the purpose of turning over a main propulsion diesel engine with the cylinder test cocks open , is to ______.A. test the starting systemB. remove condensation from the cylindersC. check the compressionD. check for proper lube oil pressure64. During the watch keeping at sea, _______ should be logged or recorded in the engine log book.A. the running hours of the cooling water pumpB. chief engineer’s orderC. the main parameters of main and auxiliary equipmentsD. the position of the vessel65. During ship maneuvering, when the diesel is stopped, which of the following items is wrong?A. keep all systems running normallyB. main engines is available bottle outlet valveC. shut off the starting air bottle outlet valveD. pay attention to the changes of the system parameters66. Which of the listed conditions can be considered as the single greatest cause of accidents?A. SpeedB. Excessive knowledge or skillC. Human errorD. Excitement67. On a tank vessel, which of the following substances would be burning in a class ‘B’fire?A. OilB. WoodC. RagsD. Electrical wiring68. The most likely place for a fire to start through the process of spontaneous combustion is in _______.A. an electrical switchboardB. the pressure tanksC. the fuel oil tanksD. the oily rag bin69. Which of the fire extinguishers listed is to be weighed annually and sent ashore for recharging is the weight loss exceeds 10% of the weight of a full charge?A. FoamB. Soda acidC. Dry chemicalD. Carbon dioxide70. While on watch in the engine room, you hear a continuous sounding of the general alarm. Which of the following actions should you take first?A. Secure the burners then proceed to your assigned boat stationB. Start the fire pump and establish flow to the fire mainC. Open the guardian valve and standby to maneuverD. Open the master control valves on the fixed CO2 system71. If there were a fire in the bunker tanks, you should _________.A. close the ventB. pump out the tankC. activate the fixed CO2 systemD. cut off the heating coils72. To avoid excessive surge pressure when bunkering , you should______.A. bunker at a normal rateB. check for kind in hoseC. close at a normal rateD. shut valves before topping off73. ______, where minor repairs are carried out with a ship in service, often during a stay in port. This may be remote from a ship repair site.A. Voyage repairsB. Routine dockingC. Damage repairsD. Conversion74. When is the dock survey carried out?A. During annual repairB. Usually during dock repairC. Before sea trialD. After 5 years from last annual survey75. In the initial survey, ______ compiles the survey report and fills in certificate.A. surveyorB. chief engineerC. Before sea trialD. After 5 years from last annual survey76. If an incorrect entry were made in the Oil Record Book, you should _______-.A. erase the entry and rewrite itB. notify the ship‟s officer-in-chargeC. completely black it out and make the correct entry alongsideD. draw a single line through the wrong entry and initial it77. The International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate is valid for a period of ______.A. one year from the date of issueB. f ive years from the date of issueC. three years from the date of issueD. four years from the date of issue78. Which one is NOT the …clear grounds‟ for a more detailed inspection?A. no operation procedures for the oil separatorsB. engine log book missingC. the master and the chief engineer are unable to communicate effectivelyD. absence of an up-date muster list79. The Port State Control officer may witness a fire drill carried out by the crew assigned to these duties on the _______.A. Navigation Log BookB. Engine Room Log BookC. Oil Record BookD. Muster List80 .STCW 78/95 Convention shall apply to seafarers ______ on board seagoing ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party.A. servedB. servingC. surveyedD. surveying81. The main purpose of port State control is not to ______.A .prevent an unsafe ship proceeding to seaB. prevent a ship threatening the marine environmentC. fine the shipsD. confirm a safe sailing82. The bridge should inform the engine room ______ before passing through congested or shallow waterway.A. 24 hoursB. 2 hoursC. 1 hourD. 15 minutes83. When the chief engineer is in the machinery spaces, the officer in charge of the engineering watch shall ______.A. continue to be responsible for machinery space operations despite the presence of the C/EB. hand over the responsibility to the chief engineer activelyC. be responsible for the watching together with the chief engineerD. assistant the chief engineer to control the machinery84. According to the international regulations concerning the prevention of pollution of sea areas from ships, the disposal into the sea of all plastics is ______.A. welcomeB. admitted in some special sea areasC. prohibitedD. acceptable85. The ship emergency plan item does not include ______usually.Ⅰ.lifesaving, fire fightingⅡ.first aid Ⅲ.abandon shipA. ⅡB. ⅢC. Ⅱ.ⅢD.Ⅰ86. Under ISM Code, the ship to which it applies has to carry ______.A. an International Ship Security CertificateB. an International Oil Pollution CertificateC. a Safety Management CertificateD. an International Ballast Water Management Certificate87. The objective of ISPS Code is ______.A. to protect the marine environmentB. to provide a method to avoid an accidentC. to protect the ship from collisionD. to keep terrorism action away from ships88. According to “MARITIME LABOUR CONVENTION,2006”, The maximum hours of work shall not exceed ______.A. 14 hours in any 24-hour periodB. 72 hours in any seven-day periodC. 10 hours in any 24-hour periodD. 88 hours in any seven-day period二、关联题（关联题题干下有4个小题，每个小题4个选项）第一组Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports foe the purpose of verifying that condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international conventions and that the ship in manned and operated in compliance with applicable international laws.The primary responsibility for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions rests with the flag State and if all flag States performed their duties satisfactorily there would be no need for port State control. Unfortunately this is not the case as evidenced by the many marine accidents around the world-hence the need for additional control.The authority for exercising PSC is the national law based on relevant conventions. It is therefore necessary for a port State to be Party to those conventions and to have promulgated the necessary legislation before exercising PSC. In accordance with the provisions of the applicable conventions, Parties may conduct inspections of foreign ships in ports through Port State Control Officers (PSCOs).89. The purpose of PSC is ______.①to check and inspect foreign ships②to verify the condition of a ship in compliance with requirements of international conventions③to make sure that the ship is manned and operated well④to detain shipsA. ①②B. ②③C. ①③D. ①②③④90. Who will be responsible for ensuring that a ship maintains a standard at least equivalent to that specified in international conventions?A. PSCOSB. Ship ownersC. Flag statesD. Port states91. Before exercising PSC, a port state should ______.A. become a contracting Party and promulgate regulations for implementing PSCB. inform ship ownersC. establish proceduresD. inform shipping companies92. PSC inspection is implemented by ______ through ______.A. flag states/PSCOsB. flag states/ship ownersC. port states/PSCOsD. port states/ship owners第二组Almost all failures in the fuel oil system, including the compression being too low, result in the crankshaft rotating more slowly if there is a failure at one or two cylinders fail, and the engine is not fully loaded, the crankshaft rev/min does not decrease, the reason being that the governor ensures that the remaining cylinders are loaded to a correspondingly greater extent. If the engine is already fully loaded, the cylinders that are working normally become overloaded causing a smoking exhaust and higher exhaust temperatures etc. The load must always be reduced until the failure has been located and rectified. The reasons for a cylinder suddenly working at reduced load, or failing completely, may be:1. a defective or blocked fuel injection valve2.the fuel oil pump piston seizing in the barrel. This failure can be ascertained by trying tomove the pump‟s toothed rack.. Defective fuel pumps must be changed.3.the compression being too low because of sticking, worn or broken piston rings4.leaking inlet or exhaust valves5.no clearance in the valve operation gearThe reasons for the crankshaft rotating more slowly, or stopping completely, can also be :1.the fuel oil filter being blocked. This failure is identified by decreasing oil pressure afterthe fuel oil filter.2.the fuel oil primary pump‟s bypass slide valve sticking in the open position3.leaking fuel oil pipes or joints4.water in the fuel oil5.the regulating mechanism being jammed6.the governor not functioning correctly7.the electrical shutdown valve (the monitoring system) being activated93. This passage is mainly about ______.A. the failure of reduced rpmB. the failure of the governorC. how to ensure the constant rotational speedD. the reasons for the fuel system to shut down94. If one or two cylinders fail in fuel oil system the crankshaft rev/min ______.①will invariably decrease ②does not decrease ③will decrease under certain circumstancesA. ①B. ②C. ③D. None of ①②③is true95. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason for a cylinder suddenly working at reduced load?A. fuel valve failureB. failure of fuel pump discharge valvesC. too large gaps of piston ringsD. the fuel oil filter being blocked completely96. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason for the crankshaft rotating more slowly or stopping?A. changing from heavy oil to light diesel oilB. connections leakingC. there being too much waterD. malfunction of the governor。