电力专业术语英汉对照表sudden loss of a generator or transmission line. 突然损失发电机或线路sudde n load in creases or decreases负荷突然增加或减少short circuits and switching operations. 短路和开关操作three-phase and line-to-ground faults 三相和对地短路circuit breaker 短路器transient overvoltages and currents 暂态过电压和电流lightning strikes 雷击surge arrester电涌放电器phasor 相量instantaneous power 瞬时功率A sinusoidal voltage or current at constant frequency 正弦电压或电流maximum value 最大值effective value 有效值average value 平均值real axis 坐标系实轴imaginary axis 坐标系虚轴phasor diagram for 相量图passive eleme nts 无源元件resistor 电阻inductor 电感capacitor 电容reacta nee 电抗inductive 感性capacitive 容性real power or active power 有功功率reactive power 无功功率power factor 功率因数power factor angle 功率因数角The physical sig ni fica nee of …物理意义…be in phase with ..... 与…同相位As indicated by (2.1),…如式(2.1)所示The current lags (leads) the voltage by 90 … 落后(超前)…多少相位. sinusoidal-steady-state 正弦稳态让a= b，得至U： Letting a=b gives By convention, the power factor cos(a-b) is positive 按照惯例(通常) .a time interval T. Example: The total energy absorbed by a load during a time interval 时间区间rating. 定值power rating 额定功率power rating of electric generator ；发电机额定功率voltage rating. 额定电压Kirchhoff 's current(voltage) law 基尔霍夫电流(电压)方程nodal equations 节点方程admittance matrix 导纳矩阵column vector of N bus voltages 有N 个节点电压构成的列相量diagonal elements 对角元素off-diagonal elements 非对角元self-admittance; driving-point admittance 自导纳mutual admittance; transfer admittance 互导纳The US blackout on 14 August, 2003 美国8.14 大停电The blackout will have huge technical and organizational consequences for the US power industry …对…将产生深远影响The existing local reactive power sources were not able to support the voltages. 当地仅存的无功电源无法维持电压trip(tripped) the lines. 切除线路Power system stability refers to the ability of synchronous machines to move from one steady-state operating point following a disturba nee to ano ther steady-state …operati ng point, without losing synchronism. 电力系统稳定是指nominal values 额定值loss of generation, line-switching operations, faults, sudden load changes 故障类型EMS=Energy Management System 能量管理系统DMS=Distribution Management System 配电网络管理系统SCADA=Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition 监管控制与数据采集（调度自动化系统）AGC=Automatic Generation Control 自动发电控制LFC=Load Frequency Control 负荷频率控制EDC=Economic load Dispatching Control 经济调度负荷控制RTU=Remote Terminal Unit 远程终端单元（远动分站）MMI=Men Machine Interface 人机交互界面（在屏幕上进行监视与操作、控制）CRT=Cathode Ray Type 阴极射线显示（显像管监视器）LC=Load Control 负荷控制AM/FM=Automated Mapping and Facilities Management 自动绘图与设备管理DSM=Demand Side Management 需求端管理TOU=Time Of Use 使用时间（次数）GEM=Generation Efficiency Management 发电功效管理MIS=Management Information System 信息管理系统OS=Operation System 操作系统DTS=Dispatcher Training Simulator 调度员培训系统EMP=Energy Management Platform 能量管理平台FAT=Factory Acceptance Test 工厂验收试验SAT=on Site Acceptance Test 现场验收试验RTGEN=Real Time Generation Control 实时发电控制RTNET=Real Time NETwork state analysis 实时网络状态分析FM=Facilities Management 设备管理GIS=Geographic information System 地理信息系统IEEE=The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers 电气电子工程学会POSIX=Portable Operating System Interface Standard Portable 操作系统标准MIT=Massachusetls Institute of Technology 麻省理技术学院OSF=Open System Foundation 开放式系统基础ANSI=American National Standards Institute 北美标准协会TCP/IP=Transaction Control Protocal/Internet Protocal 传输控制协议与互联网协议SQL=Structured Query Language 结构查询语言LAN=Local Area Network 局域网络EPRI=Electric Power Research Institute 电力研究（科学）院MMI=Man-Machine Interactive 人机交互界面MMC=Man-Machine Communication 人机交互通讯PHIGS=Programmer ' s HierachicalInteractive Graphics System 分级式程序员交互图形系统LTU=Local Terminal Unit 负荷终端单元SOE=Sequence Of Event recording 事件记录顺序记忆PDR=Post Disturbance Review 提示扰动（故障）记忆AFC=Automatic Frequency Control 自动频率控制ACE=Area Control Error 区域控制误差PLC=Plant Controler 工厂控制TBC=Tie line Bias Control 联络线（功率）偏差控制CFC=Constant Frequency Control 恒定频控制CNIC=Constant Net Interchange Control 既定网络交换控制NERC=North American Electric ReliabilityCou ncil -北美电力可靠性联合会LDC=Load Duration Curve 负荷变化曲线ELDC=Equivalent Load Duration Curve 等效负荷变化曲线OPF=Optimal Power Flow 最优潮流GRG=Generalized Reduced Gradient 函数化简梯度AVR=Automatic Voltage Regulation 自动电压调整REI=Radial Equivalent Independent REI等值（辐射状等值独立电源发）ZPBN=Zero Power Balance Network 零功率平衡网络（无交换功率网络）OMG=Object Management Group 目标管理集合CORBA=Common Object Request Broker Architecture 公共目标请求对象体系IDI=Interface Definition Language 界面定义语言API=Application Programming Interface 应用程序界面ORB=Object Request Broker 目标请求对象armature 电枢（电机的部件）field 场，范围pole pair 杆对, 极对mmf=Magnetic Motive Force 磁动势quadrature90 度相移direct and quadrature axesd 和q 轴magnetic circuit 磁路Per unit representation 每个机组的表示法Stator定子，固定片Rotor 转子flux linkage 磁链torque 转矩phasor representation 矢量表示法， magnetic saturation 磁（性）饱和open circuit[ 电] 断路swing 摆动、摇摆inertia 惯性constant 常数large-scale 大规模的amortisseur 阻尼器reactive 电抗的capability 可能输出功率natural 固有的surge 冲花transfer 传递，转移loadability 载荷能力，载荷率induction motor 感应电动机steady-state 稳态approach趋近，近似法excitation 励磁underexcite 欠励磁，励磁不足limiter 限制器overexcitation 过激励，超激磁subtransient 次暂态phase-shifting transformer 移相变压器field-shorting 励磁短路prime mover 原动机energy supply 供电hydraulic turbine 水轮机governing 控制，管理，调节turbine 汽轮机、涡轮机inelastic 非弹性的governor 蒂器thermal 热的off-frequency 越限频率fossil-fuelled energy systems 燃气能量系统converter 变换机valve 阀，活门blocking 闭塞harmonics 谐波ratio 比fault 故障composite 复合的underfrequency 低于额定频率，频率过低shunt 并联series 串联Underfrequency load shedding 低频减载Interarea oscillation 基面（主面）振荡AC relay 交流继电器Abnormal information 异常信息abnormal load 不规则负荷absorption capacitor 吸收电容器active load 有功负荷active loss 有功损耗active power 有功active power balance 有功电力平衡Adaptive control 自适应控制Air conditioning loads 空调负荷Alert state 警戒状态alternating current 交流alternating current commentator motor 交流换向器电动机alternating field 交变场Analytical solution 解析法angle stability 功角稳定Angular velocity 角频率asynchronous 异步的Asynchronous Motor 异步电机Asynchronous operation of a synchronous machine 同步电机异步运行ABC Automatic bias compensation 自动偏压补偿automatic field-suppressing 自动灭磁Automatic generator control 自动发电控制Automatic supervision function 自检功能Automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调节器recloser 自动重合闸Available transfer capability 可传输能力Backbone 主网架Backup protection 后备保护Base load set 基本负荷机组basic theory of circuitry 电路基本理论blackout 停电Brittle, fragile 脆弱Bulk power system 大型电力系统bulk transmission system 大容量输电系统Bundled conductor 分裂导线bus bar 母线Cable 电缆Capability curves 运行极限图cascading failure 连锁故障conden ser调相机Conditional stability of a power system 电力系统条件稳定性Constant active power load 恒功率负荷Constant energy load 恒能量负荷Contingency screening and ranking 事故筛选与排序continuous current generator 直流发电机conversion equipmen 换流设备Converter 整流器copper loss 铜耗Corona 电晕critical clearing time 极限切除时间Critical voltage 临界电压curve fitting 曲线拟合Customer power 定制电力daily load curves 日负荷曲线damping 阻尼DC converter 直流换流器degree of compensation 补偿度destabilizing perturbation 不稳定扰动digital sampling control 数字采样控制DC Direct current 直流direct current transmission 直流输电Distribution network 配电网Distribution voltage regulator 配电电压调整Disturbance 扰动Dynamic analysis method 动态分析方法dynamic reactive power compensation 动态无功补偿Dynamic simulation 动态仿真dynamic stability 动态稳定DVR Dynamic voltage restorer 动态电压恢复器earth fault 接地故障Economic loading schedule 经济承载计划Effective short circuit ratio 有效短路比electric apparatus 电气设备，电气装置，；电机；电器electric drive 电力传动electrical braking 电气制动Electrical islanding 电器孤岛electronic commutation 电子换向，电子整流emergency state 紧急状态EMS energy management system 能量管理系统Epoch angle 初相角equal incremental cost rule 等微增率准则equal-area criterion 等面积定则Equilibrium 平衡Equilibrium point 平衡点equivalent circuit 等值电路equivalent network 等值电网excitation 励磁excitation control 励磁控制Fast fault clearing 快速故障切除装置Fault clearance time 故障清除时间Fault location 故障定位Ferror-resonance 铁磁谐振field regulator 励磁调节器Filter 滤波器fixed series capacitor compensation 固定串联电容补偿flexibility 灵活性FACTS Flexible AC transmission system 柔性交流输电Frequency drift 频率漂移frequency response characteristics 频率特性Fundamental frequency temporary voltage 基频短时过电压fuzzy identification 模糊识别generation capacity 装机容量generation mix 多能源发电Generation schedule 发电计划Generation shedding 切机Generator capability curve 发电机运行极限图Generator Q-V curve 发电机Q-V 曲线generator terminal 机端generator tripping 切机Governor power flow 调速器潮流harmonic 谐波harmonic distortion 谐波畸变High pass filter高通滤波器High performance excitation system 高性能励磁系统high voltage shunt reactor 高抗High-side voltage control 高压侧电压控制Hunting of interconnected synchronous machines 并联同步电机振荡hydro generation 水力发电厂Induction motor 感应电动机Inherent stability of a power system 电力系统固有稳定性Initial mechanical power 初始机械转矩In-phase (voltage)control 纵向电压调节instability criterion 不稳定性判据installed capacity 装机容量Insulation fault 绝缘故障intangible depreciation 无形损耗integrated system 综合系统interconnected systems 互联系统internal combustion 内燃机Interrupt 开断Inverter 逆变站Inverter control 逆变器控制iron loss 铁耗isolator 刀闸(隔离开关)LDC line drop compensation 线路补偿器Line Commutation 电网换流Line drop compensation 线路压降补偿Load characteristic 负荷特性load curve 负荷曲线load disconnection 切负荷Load diversity 负荷不同时性Load dynamics 负荷动态Load factor 负荷率load forecasting 负荷预测Load patterns 负荷形式Load rejection 甩负荷load reserve 负荷备用load saturation curve 负载饱和曲线Load shedding 切负荷LTC Load tap changing 有载调压Load testing 负荷测试Load-ability curve 负荷能力曲线load-frequency and load-voltage characteristics 负荷特性Loss of synchronism 同步失稳low frequency oscillation 低频振荡low water condition year枯水年lower limit 下限Magnetic and electric field 电磁场magnetizing current 励磁电流Management forecast of a system 电力系统预测负荷Mature power system 饱和电力系统mean absolute deviation 平均绝对偏差measurement of phase sequence and phase angle 相序和相位测量mechanical stability against short circuit 动稳定性MSC Mechanically switched capacitors 机械投切电容器Mid-term stability 中期电压稳定Modal analysis 模型分析modulator 调制器Negative (sequence) component 负序分量negative damping 负阻尼negative sequence impedance 负序阻抗feeder 馈电线Network maximum power transfer 网络最大传输能力network optimization 电网优化Neutral 中性点Nodal admittance matrix 节点导纳矩阵no-load current 空载电流nonlinear control 非线性控制nonlinear model 非线性模型one machine - infinity bus system 单机无穷大系统Online security assessment 在线安全估计OLTC On-load tap changing 有载调压Operating point 运行点optical operation collapse prevention 灾变防治optimal control 最优控制optimal power flow 最优潮流ORF optimal reactive power 无功优化optimization of reactive power distribution 无功功率最优分布Optimum load 经济负荷Optimum power flower 有功潮流优化oscillation 振荡Oscillatory instability 振荡不稳定Oscillatory voltage instability 振荡性电压失稳outage 断电Outage state 停运状态Out-of-step operation 失步运行Over-excitation limiter 过励磁限制器Overload capacity 过载能力Over-voltage 过电压parallel AC/DC 交直流并联Past Voltage within Power system 电力系统内部过电压Per Unit 标幺值Per unit system 标幺制系统perturbation theory小扰动理论Positive (sequence) component 正序分量positive sequence impedance 正序阻抗Post-disturbance stability 扰动后电压稳定Post-transient stability 暂态后电压稳定Potential 电位potential distribution 电位分布Power circle diagram 功率圆Power factor 功率因数Power flow simulation 潮流仿真power frequency voltage 工频电压Power instability功率不稳定性power line/over head 功率损线power plant 发电厂Power quality 电能质量Power shortfall 电力短缺Power system abnormality 电力系统异常Power system fault 电力系统故障Power system management 电力系统管理Power system planning 电力系统规划Power system stability 电力系统稳定性Power transmission line 输电线power(load) flow 电力潮流power-angle 功角power-factor 功率因数Power-regulation coefficient of load 负荷的功率调节系数primary power-system 一次系统pulse 脉动Power quality 电能质量quick action 速动，快动，快作用quick action valve 速动阀，快动阀门Radial operation 辐射运行Radial system 辐射型系统reactive compensation equipment 无功补偿装置reactive component 无功分量reactive load 无功负荷reactive loss 有功损耗reactive power 无功reactive power absorption 无功功率吸收reactive power compensation 无功补偿reactive power dispatch 无功调度reactivepower distribution 无功分布reactive power flow 无功潮流Reactive power margin 无功功率裕度reactive power source 无功电源reactive-load compensation equipment 无功补偿设备reactor 电抗器receiving system 接收系统Rectifier 整流站Redundant equipment 冗余Region of attraction 吸引域reinforced excitation 强行励磁Reinforcement of a system 电力系统改造relay failure disoperation 误动作reliability 可靠性Reliability criteria 可靠性准则reliability evaluation 可靠性评估reliability of transmission system 输电系统可靠性remote kilowatt-hour-meter reading 远方自动抄表retarding/synchronizing torque 阻滞转矩/ 同步转矩robust 鲁棒性Rotor 转子Rotor angle stability 功角稳定性rotor coil 转子线圈Schematic 示意图secondary power-system 二次系统security monitoring 安全监视Self-（or mutual） induction 自（互）感Self-synchronization 自同步series capacitor 串联电容器series compensation 串联补偿Severe voltage dip 电压跌落严重Short circuit capacity 短路容量Short circuit ratio 短路比SC shunt capacitor 并联电容器shunt commutator motor 并励换向器式电动机shunt reactor 并联电抗器simulation analysis 仿真分析Skin effect 集肤效应Slip 转差stability 稳定性Stability limit of a system state variable 系统状态变量稳定极限Stability margin of a system state variable 系统状态变量稳定裕度Stability zone 稳定区Stall-prone motor 堵转电机State estimation 状态估计State transition diagram 状态转移图Static models 稳态模型SVC static var compensator 静止无功补偿器，静止无功补偿装置SVG static var generator 静止无功发生器Static voltage stability analysi 静态电压稳定分析方法Stator 定子steady short-circuit current 稳态短路电流steady state operation 稳态运行steady-state analysis 稳态分析steady-state analysis of power system 电力系统稳态分析Steady-state load characteristic 静态负荷特性steady-state stability 静态稳定Steady-state stability of a power system 电力系统静态稳定性stochastic modeling 随机模型（统计建模）Sub synchronous resonance 次同步谐振substation 变电站Sufficient resilience 足够的恢复能力SCADA Supervisory control and data acquisition system 监视控制和数据收集系统Supply-interruption costs 停电费用Surge impedance 波阻抗surge impedance loading 冲击阻抗Surge voltage 冲击电压swing 摇摆Swing curve 摇摆曲线switching station with single bus 单母线配电站Switchyard 开关站Synchronism restoration 再同步synchronize 同步Synchronous condenser 同步调相机Synchronous operation of a machine 电机同步运行Synchronous time 同步时间SPC System protection centre 系统保护中心System black start generator 系统黑启动发电机System demand control 系统需量控制SPT System protection terminals 系统保护终端System reliability 系统可靠性System robustness 系统的鲁棒性tap 分接头Tap changer instability 分接头不稳定性Terminal voltage 端电压The time-overload limit of transmission lines 输电线路过载时间限制Thermal capacity 热容量Thermal limit 热极限Thermostatically-controlled heating loads 温控加热负荷threefold line of defense 三道防线three-phase fault 三相故障three-phase ungrounded fault 三相非接地短路故障Time frame 时间框架Tolerance 容差topological structure 拓扑结构Torque-slip curve 转矩-转差曲线Transfer limits 传输极限transformer amplifier 变压器耦合放大器Transient angle instability 瞬时功角失稳Transient load characteristic 暂态负荷特性transient overreach 暂态超越Transient rotor angle stability 暂态功角稳定transient stability 暂态稳定Transient voltage stability 暂态电压稳定transient-state analysis of power system 电力系统暂态分析transmission and distribution energy losses 线损Transmission grid 输电网transmission line 输电线Transmission losses 输电损耗transmission network 输电网trigger amplifier 触发放大器turbine generation 汽轮发电厂two-step earth-fault protection 二级接地保护ULTC blocking ULTC 闭锁ULTC under load tap changer 有载调压变压器Under-frequency load shedding 低频减载Under-voltage load shedding 低压减载unit commitment 开停机计划UPFC United power flow controller 联合潮流控制器unstable equilibrium point 不稳定平衡点unstable oscillation 不稳定运行unsymmetrical short-circuit 不对称短路upper limit 上限urgency control system 紧急控制系统Utilization time of power losses 最大功率损耗等值时间v-curve V 形曲线vibration absorber 减振器，消振器，振动吸收器voltage collapse 电压崩溃VCPI Voltage Collapse Proximity Indicator 电压崩溃邻近指标Voltage control 电压控制Voltage control area 电压控制区域voltagecurve 电压曲线Voltage fluctuation 电压波动voltage grade 电压等级Voltage instability mechanisms 电压失稳机理voltage profile 电压分布Voltage reduction 电压降低voltage regulation 电压调整Voltage security 电压安全Voltage sensitive load 电压灵敏性负荷Voltage sensitivity 电压灵敏性Voltage stability 电压稳定Voltage stability factor 电压稳定因子Voltage stability limit 电压稳定极限Voltage stability margin 电压稳定裕度voltage stresses 电压强度Voltage-weak point 弱电压节点V-Q curves V-Q 曲线vulnerability 脆弱性Weather sensitive loads 对天气变化灵敏的负荷WAPS Wide Area Protection System 广域保护系统wireless radio-controlled 无线控制zero (sequence) component 零序分量zero seque nee reactance 零序电抗abnormal overload 异常过载，事故过载active power 有功功率ampere-hour efficiency 充电效率aperiodic damping 非周期阻尼arithmetic circuitry 运算电路capacitive voltage transformer 电容式电压互感器closed electric circuit 闭合电路de-energizing circuit 去激电路，去励磁电路distribution network 配电网earthing arrangement 接地系统electrical phase angle 电相（位）角electronic transducer 电子式互感器end pressure端部压力energy conversion factor 能量转换系数equivalent admittance 等效导纳equivalent generator 等效发电机equivalent parameter 等效参数，等值参数equivalent reactance 等效电抗，等值电抗equivalent resistance 等效电阻，等值电阻excitation characteristic 励磁特性extended uncertainty 扩展不确定度faulty line selection 故障选线Ferro resonance 铁磁谐振field inspection 现场检验fully energized 全激励，满励磁fundamental frequency 基本频率，基频high tension lead 高压引线insulation 绝缘interrupt mode 中断模式inverter 逆变器Laplace's transformation 拉普拉斯变换，拉氏变换leakage magnetic flux 漏磁通load of normal running 正常运行负荷measuri ng apparatus 测量装置mechanical strength 机械强度monitoring apparatus 监控装置negative feedback amplifier 负反馈放大器neutral 中性点neutral lead 中性点引出线nodal admittance matrix 节点导纳矩阵open-circuit characteristic 开路特性，空载特性optimal allocation 最佳分配，最优配置optimal design 优化设计output end 输出端phase-frequency 相频physics distributing 物理分布polarity check 极性检测potential transformer 电压互感器power factor 功率因数power rush 功率冲击，功率骤增practical capacity 实际容量proportional gain 比例增益reactance amplifier 电抗耦合放大器reactive power absorption 无功功率吸收reactive power compensation 无功补偿realistic model 仿真模型resonance characteristic 谐振特征rotor winding 转子绕组，转子线圈running load 运行负载rupturing current 切断电流safety impedance 安全阻抗sampling function 采样函数sampling period 采样周期scheduling algorithm 调度算法secondary wiring mode 二次接线方式shielding windings 屏蔽绕组single-phase rotor 单相转子the stability and reliability 稳定性和可靠性three phase current transformers 三相电流互感器time to chipping 截断时间track-and-hold amplifier 跟踪保持式放大器transfer admittance 转移导纳transformer amplifier 变压器耦合放大器transient signal 暂态信号transistor amplifier 晶体管放大器voltage feedback amplifier 电压反馈放大器wave analyzer 波形分析器wavelet transform 小波变换。