矫形器的选择
How to choose a suitable orthosis
茅质
目录
contents
•内容概述
outline
•矫形器作用•functioning of orthosis •矫形器适配原则•principles for choose a suitable orthosis
•常见疾病矫形器选择•choices of orthosis for common diseases
概述
outline
•发展史
•history of orthosis •命名
•naming of orhthosis •矫形器VS辅助器具•Orthosis VS Assistive device
矫形器中文名称英文名称及缩写
Chines&English and abridge name of orthosis •trunk orthosis
•颈矫形器Cervical Orthosis (CO)
•胸腰骶矫形器Thorax Lumbus Sacrum Orthosis (TLSO)
•腰骶矫形器Lumbus Sacrum Orthosis （LSO）
upper limb orthosis
•肩肘腕手矫形器Shoulder Elbow Wrist Hand Orthosis (SEWHO)
•肘腕手矫形器Elbow Wrist Hand Orthosis
（EWHO）
•腕手矫形器Wrist Hand Orthosis （WHO）
•手矫形器Hand Orthosis (HO)
矫形器中文名称英文名称及缩写
Chines&English and abridge name of orthosis •lower limb orthosis
•髋膝踝足矫形器Hip Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (HKAFO)
•膝矫形器Knee Orthosis（KO）
•膝踝足矫形器Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis （KAFO）
•踝足矫形器Ankle Foot Orthosis （AFO）•足矫形器Foot Orthosis （FO）
part1、矫形器的作用
functioning of orthosis
1.稳定和支持stablize and support
2.固定和保护stationary and protect
3.预防、矫正畸形prevent and correct deformity
4.减轻轴向承重Reduce the axial bearing
5.抑制肌肉痉挛Inhibit the muscle spasm
6.改进功能improve functionings
part2 矫形器选择原则
principles for choose a suitable orthosis
•1、基于专业的评估
•based on the professional assessment
•2、个体化原则
•individuation
•3、了解矫正效果及影响因素
•know about the effects and the factors which affect the effects
•4、循序渐进
•changing the orthosis when the states of illness changes
•5、团队合作
•team-work
part3、常见疾病矫形器选择choices of orthosis for common diseases •骨关节疾病
•osteoarticular diseases
•手外伤
•hand injury
•烧伤
•Burning
•外周神经系统疾病
•PNS diseases
•中枢神经系统疾病
•CNS diseases
骨关节疾病osteoarticular diseases •骨折
•fracture
•畸形
•deformity
•脱位
•dislocation
•关节炎
•arthritis
脊柱spine
上肢upper limbs
幼儿矫正垫
适应症：专为纵弓下
陷、内八字、XO型
腿、后跟内外翻等
足部疾病，对内侧
纵弓施加适度的撑
托力，对足底压力
分布，起到矫正作
用
儿童X型腿纠正垫（医用硅胶）
•X形腿儿童用合适的足
弓承托垫，让后跟保
持正中垂直位置，儿
童步态调整正确了才
能减低双膝外侧受力
的程度。
另外，学童
应避免不良坐姿如W
形坐姿。
手外伤hand injury
肌腱断裂tendon tearing
烧伤burning
mask
外周神经系统疾病PNS diseases
中枢神经系统疾病CNS diseases
•脑卒中/脑外伤/脑膜炎•stroke/brain trauma/meningitis •脊髓损伤
•SCI
•小儿脑瘫
•CP
•多发性硬化
•MS
•帕金森氏综合征•Parkinson's syndrome
RGO VS walk about VS HKAFO •RGO。