Guessing word meaning（词义猜测题）By Lifa Huang April 27th,2018Teaching Aims:1. To improve the students’ reading ability.2.Help students learn the skills of Guessing word meaning.Teaching Important Points: 1. Help the students to find the skills of Guessing word meaning.3.To improve the students ’understanding ability of words.Teaching Difficult Points: Help the students fully understand the whole sentence.Teaching procedure一、Find the Closest Meaning1. faultless→( useless,perfect, hopeless, countless)2. tough→( easy, rare, hard, final )3. hurtful→（unkind, hopeful, careful, helpful)4. handsome→(ugly, good--looking, vivid, basic)5. kidnap→( steal, seize, prove, display)6. tie→(draw, pull, throw, praise)7. outlaw→( instruct, pack, ban, develop)8. likelihood→( boyhood,probability ,neighborhood, friendly)9. depressed→(sad, excited, soft, real)10. desert→（abandon, hear, list, imagine)二、Skills of Guessing word meaning.1. Repeating(重述)典例：(2015.天津高考阅读Ｃ节选)In the library, Ｉfound my way into the “Children’s Room.”I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion lever had as a child.“beagle”means: .2.Giving Examples(举例)典例：（2016.全国卷Ⅲ阅读Ｄ节选）Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. “negative”means: .3. Opposite Meaning(反义词)典例：（2015.福建高考阅读Ｅ节选）If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored , you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep you workout on track.73.The underlined word“upbeat”in the second paragraph probably means “”. Ａ. cheerful Ｂ. average Ｃ. serious Ｄ. temporary4. From Word Formation (根据构词法猜测词义)典例（2016.全国卷Ⅰ阅读D节选）A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. “uneasiness”means: .5. From Logic of Context(根据上下文逻辑猜测词义)典例：（2015.北京高考阅读C节选）The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射)light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks.64.The underlined word “dead”in Paragraph 3 means .A. silentlyB. graduallyC. regularlyD. completely6. Referring to(代词指代上文的内容)典例：（2018年赣州模拟阅读B节选）Mr Jones had chosen me to start the race. The next runner would be Susan, In the beginning, whenever we practiced passing the baton, something would go terribly wrong. I would either be going too slowly or she would be taking off too late. We needed to perfect it.24.What does the underlined “it”in the second paragraph refer to?A. Going too slowly.B. Taking off too late.C. Passing the baton.D. Going beyond the yellow line.三、PracticeTry to guess the word meaning and find out which kind of skills it belongs to.1、（2018年赣州模拟阅读C节选）We can, for instance, imagine that we are a business owner and we keep sabotaging our business deals, leading the company into great financial problems.29.The underlined word“sabotaging”in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .A. promotingB. offeringC. damagingD. striking2、（2018年赣州模拟阅读D节选）Screaming is one of the responses humans share with other animals . Conventional thinking suggests that what sets a scream apart from other sounds is its loudness. However, many sounds that are loud do not raise goose bumps like screams can. ......While normal speech sounds only have slight differences in loudness-between 4 and 5 Hz, screams can switch very fast, varying between 30 and 150 Hz, thus considered to be rough and unpleasant.33.What does the underlined phrase “raise goose bumps”probably mean?A. Make people feel unpleasant.B. Make people feel cold.C. Make people rude and rough.D. Make people unique.3、（2018年衡阳一模阅读B节选）Hawaii’s Emergency Management Agency administrator Vern Miyagi said,“there was no automated way to send a false alarm cancellation. We had to initiate a manual process. And that was why it took a while to inform everyone”. He apologized for the false alarm.27.The underlined word “manual”in the last paragraph means .A. expressed in wordsB. controlled by computersC. operated by handD. performed by robots4、（2018年广东一模阅读C节选）Physical activity seems to counterbalance poor sleep, Barber says , because it promotes healthy brain functions needed to properly regulate emotions and behaviors.30. The underlined word “counterbalance”in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “”.A. make use ofB. take control ofC. keep up withD. make up for5、（2018届惠三调阅读B节选）On deep, dark Beijing winter days and rainy days, Waimai is like the holy grail and as I enjoyed my take - away dumplings I would think and laugh to myself, “How did I live before without being able to get Waimai?”Well, I guess I did, somehow, for 23 years!25. The underlined words holy grail in Paragraph 2 probably means________.A. something preciousB. something deliciousC. something expensiveD. something unavailable6、（2018年广东一模阅读C节选）Being mistreated at work can make people take out their negative emotions on loved ones at home. But a new study suggests that getting more exercise and sleep may help people better cope with them by leaving them at work, where they belong.28. What does the underlined word “they”in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. Loved people at home.B. Negative emotions.C. Different work pressures.D. More exercise and sleep.四、Reading comprehension（2017.全国卷Ⅰ阅读D）A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇ 5＇sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container—perhaps just a drinking cup —to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up —and out —the side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground waterevaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. It’s delicate.B. It’s expensive.C. It’s complex.D. It’s portable.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher”in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube.B. The still.C. The hole.D. The cup.34. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size.B. Put the cup in place.C. Weight the sheet’s center down.D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .A. the plastic tubeB. outside the holeC. the open airD. beneath the sheet。