UNIT 3Section 1 Tactics For ListeningPart 1 PhoneticsExercise: Complete the following short dialogue as you listen to the tape. Pay special attention to the weak forms, fink-ups and contractions.Friend: Hi, Linda. I hear you and John got married (l) last month.Linda: Yeah, we did, (smiling) Three weeks (2) ago.Friend: Well, congratulations!Linda: Thank you.Friend: Did you (3) have a big wedding?Linda: No, we got (4) married at City Hall. We didn't want to spend very much because (5) we're saving to buy a house.Friend: Where did you (6) have the reception?Linda: Oh- we (7) didn't have a reception. We just (8) invited a few friends over for drinks afterwards.Friend: What (9) did you wear?Linda: Just a skirt and blouseFriend: Oh!Linda: And John wore a (1 0) jacket and jeans.Friend: Where did you (1 1 ) go for your honeymoon?Linda: We (12) didn't have a honeymoon. We went back to work the next day Ah, here comes (13) my bus.Friend: Listen. (14) I'd love to help celebrate. Why don't you two (15) come over for a drink next week'?Linda: Sure. We'd love to. (16) I’ll talk to John and (17) call you Monday.Friend: Great. See you (18) next week.Linda: Bye.PART 2 Listening and Note-takingBob: Look at that Angela. True-Value are going to sell hi-fi's for 72.64 pounds, I'm going to buy one. We can save at least 20 pounds.Angela: Yes, and look at the washing machines. They're going to sell some washing machines for 98.95 pounds, so we can save 22 pounds. A washing machine is more important than a hi-fi.Bob: By the way, Angela. Do you know how much money we've got? About 200 pounds, I hope.Angela: Here's the bank statement. I didn't want to open it. Oh, dear.Bob: What's the matter?Angela: We haven't got 200 pounds, I'm afraid.Bob: Well, come on. How much have we got?Angela: Only 150 pounds 16.A: Bob and Angela are window-shopping. The shop is closed, but they are talking about the sales next week. They are planning to buy a lot of things. Listen to the conversation and take notes on the following items:Things they want to buy the price money they can save1. a hi-fi ￡72.64 at least ￡202. a washing machine ￡98.95 ￡22B: Complete the following Sentences.The amount of money they should pay for the things they want to buy: ￡171. 59. The amount of money they think they can save: 42 pounds.The amount of money they think they can have: 200 pounds.The amount of money they actually have: 150.16 pounds.Section 2 Listening ComprehensionPART 1 DialoguesDialogues 1 what's he like?A: Tell me about your new manager. What's he like?B: Oh, terrific. He's tall, good looking.., well, I think he's good looking, anyway ...and he's about 35 or 36. He's very interested in all kinds of sports — football, basketball... oh, and tennis. My friend told me he's very good at tennis. He plays at the same tennis club ... the club where she plays ... you know.A: Oh, is he friendly? I mean, in the office ...B: Well, I don't know him very well. He's a bit ... shy, I think. He isn't married; he lives in a flat on his own ... well, just him and his dog.A: Listen to the conversation and complete the following blanks.Age: 35 or 36Appearance: good-lookingHobbies: sports football basketball and tennisMarriage status: single / not marriedB: Listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.1. What is he good at? How does his friend know that?(He is good at tennis. His friend knows that because he plays at the same tennis club where she plays.)2.Does he live alone? Has he got a companion?(Yes, he lives alone. But he has a companion, his dog.)Dialogue 2 How Old Are You?Man 1: All right. Keith. How old are you?Man 2: Thirty-seven.Man 1: Thirty-seven, yeah? And, erm you married?Man 2: Yes.Man 1: Yeah. Have you got children?Man 2: Two.Man 1: Yeah. What are their names?Man 2: Toby and Lucy.Man 1: Toby and Lucy. How old are they?Man 2: One's 11, that's Lucy; and Toby's 13.Man 1: Yeah. Tell me about your job, Keith.Man 2: Well, I work at the Oxford University Press. I'm a printer's reader and copy editor.Man 1: Erin, what sort of hours of work do you have'?Man 2: Erm, 7.30 in the morning.Man 1: You start work at 7.30?Man 2: Yes. I start at 7.30 in the morning and finish at 4.15. That's with a 45-minute lunch break.Man 1: Yeah. Do you like it that way? Do you like starting very early?Man 2: No, I don't. No.Man 1: How do you go to work?Man 2: Er, well, I cycle from here to Didcot station, and then catch the train and return journey.Man 1: Tell me one or two things you like doing, and one or two things you don't like doing. What do you like doing? What do you do for enjoyment?Man 2: Well, I'm quite interested in antiques*.Man 1: Yes.Man 2: Things I don't like--- I don't like decorating. I'm not awfully keen on gardening.Man 1: OK. What reading — what sort of— what newspaper do you read?Man 2: The Times.Man 1: The Times, yeah.Man 2: And The Sunday Times.Man 1: Yeah. And what kind of bonks do you read?Man 2: Erm—tends to be more along history lines. Not novels, generally, more general history. Local history especially.Man 1: Yeah, OK. Do you smoke, Keith?Man2 : No.Man 1: You drink?Man 2: Occasionally.Man 1: Yeah. Do you go to church?Man 2: Not very often, no.Other concerns include the troubled housing market, high costs of health care and energy, and the debate over illegal immigration.But interest in the election is also being driven by the candidates themselves. Democrats Hillary Clinton or Barack Obama would become America's first female or first black president. Republic John McCain would become, at age seventy-two, the oldest president elected to a first term.A: Listen to the news item again and complete the following summary.This news item is about the presidential election in the USA.B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks.1. D2. B3. B4.A5. DNews item 2The space shuttle Discovery landed at Kennedy Space Centre in the state of Florida last month. It was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space Station.The United States space agency had two main goals for this flight of Discovery. First, the crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other. And then they were to add a new room to the space station.NASA calls the new addition to the space station the Harmony connecting modules. It is the first new room added to the space station since 2001. Harmony is about seven meters long and about four meters wide. It will be a passageway between the laboratories and the rest of the space station.A: Listen to the news item again and complete the following summary.This news item is about the one hundred twentieth flight of the space shuttle Discovery.B: Listen to the news item again and complete the following blanks.Landing time : last monthLanding site: Kennedy Space Centre in the state of FloridaIt was the one hundred twentieth shuttle flight and the twenty-third to the International Space StationTwo main goals for this flight:the crew was to move a structure from one side of the space station to the other. They were to add a new room -- Harmony --to the space station.-- it is a connecting module.-- it is the first new room added to the space station since 2001.-- it is about seven meters long and about four meters wide.-- it will be a passageway between the laboratories and the rest of the space station. News item 3The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tabacco-related deaths. The six policies are known as MPOWER, spelled M-P-O-W-E-R.The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention polices. The P is for pretecting people by establishing smoke-free areas. The O stands for offering service to help people stop smoking. The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco. The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing. And the R is for raising taxes on tobacco.The WHO says tobacco now causes more than five million deaths a year. It predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year 2030. By the end of the century, it says, tobacco could kill one billion people- ten times as many as in the twentieth century.A: Listen to the news item and complete the following summary.This news item is about tobacco risk to a billion lives this century, as predicted by the WHO.B: Listen to the news item again and choose the best answer to answer each of the following questions.1. What is the World Health Organization is urging countries to do?The World Health Organization is urging countries to follow six policies to prevent millions of tobacco-related deaths.2. The six policies are known as MPOWER, spelled M-P-O-W-E-R. What does each letter stand for?The M is for monitoring tobacco use and prevention polices.The P is protecting people by establishing smoke-free areas.The O stands for offering services to help people stop smoking.The W is for warning people about the dangers of tobacco.The E is for enforcing bans on tobacco advertising and other forms of marketing.And the R is for raising taxes on tobacco.3. How many deaths does tobacco cause now?The WHO says tobacco now cause more than five million deaths a year.4. Will this number rise by the year 2030?Yes, the WHO predicts this number will rise to more than eight million by the year 2030.5. How many people will be killed by the end of the century?By the end of the century, tobacco could kill one billion people- ten times as many as in the twentieth centurySection 3 Oral WorkMrs White: How did your writing go this morning? Is the book coming along all right?Mr White: I'm not sure. I think the rest of it will be difficult to write. There are still some problems to solve.Mrs White: I expect you'll find the answers interesting to work out.Mr White: If I can work them out. Thank goodness the house is easy to work in. I shall at least be able to think.Mrs White: You've forgotten something. Peace and quiet will be difficult to guarantee much longer.Mr White: Good, heavens, yes. The school holidays start in a week, don't they? The house will be impossible to work in while they last.Mrs White: Well, some extra noise is hard to avoid. But I'll keep them away from the study as much as I can. That'll be all right to work in.Mr White: What about the garden? It was beautifully peaceful and quiet out there this morning.Mrs White: Well, you'd better make the most of it while it lasts. Peace and quiet will be hard to find in the garden pretty soon, I'm afraid.Exercise: Listen to the dialogue and then answer some questions about it. You will hear the dialogue and the questions only once. Answer each question with a complete sentence after you have heard it.Questions:1. What was Mr White doing this morning?(He was writing his book this morning. )2. According to Mr White, was the book coming along all right?(No, he thought the rest of the book would be difficult to write.)3. What did Mrs White expect?(He expected that Mr White would find the answers interesting to work out.)4. Why did Mr White think the house was easy to work in?(Because he would at least be able to think)5. When would the school holidays start?(They would start in a week.)6. Was it possible for Mr White to work in the house during the school holidays? (No, it was impossible for him to work in the house.)7. Could Mr White work in the garden this morning?(Yes. he could work in the garden this morning.) Why? (Because it was peaceful andquiet)8. Why should Mr White make most of it while the garden was peaceful and quiet? (Because peace: and quiet would hard to find in the garden pretty soon.)Part 2 RetellingTo the American people, education is very important. The first twelve years of public school are free of charge. As a result, about 93 percent of the teenagers from fourteen to seventeen years old are in high school.However, 200 years ago, education was not free. American elementary schools were only for rich people. Most young people were not in school.The first public high school was in 1832. The purpose of the school was to prepare students for college. Its most important subjects were mathematics and foreign languages.Nowadays, American education is a big business. There are about 45 million students in the nation's elementary schools and high schools. Each year there are about three million high school graduates. The main purpose of high school is still to prepare students for college. There are also job-training programmes in high school and programmes to teach useful skills for everyday life - for example, driver training, first aid, and even cooking.Section 4 Supplementary ExercisesPart I Listening ComprehensionPassage 1 British postmen and milkmenBritish postmen and milkmen have a reputation for being cheerful. As they both arrive very early in the morning, when you are perhaps not feeling very good-tempered, their brisk* knocking and bright whistling may get on your nerves. Of course, there are some gloomy postmen, who make you think that every letter contains tragic news, but the majority are jolly and good-humoured. This is quite surprising, because delivering the mail each morning is a job which is not very well paid and there are a great many problems.The city postman has to go on foot, not only along streets but also up and down stairs, as many blocks of flats still have no lifts and no downstairs letterbox. If he has a registered letter to deliver, he has to wait for someone to come to the door to sign for it. That person may greet him in a most unfriendly way if he has just been woken from a deep sleep very early in the morning.In the country, a postman may have a bicycle or a small van, so he does not have to walk so far, but nevertheless he has his problems too. It is very annoying to be compelled* to go all the way to an isolated house simply to deliver a postcard or a circular, when this makes the journey half an hour longer. In winter, weather conditions are bad, but the postman must carry on in the rain or the snow.Sometimes it is impossible to use a van or a bicycle in these conditions, and he has to do his round*on foot, like his city colleague. Most country people keep a dog. Although there may be a notice on the gate, "BEWARE OF THE DOG," this is oflittle help to the postman- He is forced to go in, whether the dog is dangerous or not. So every day the country postman knows that, if the dog is not safely tied up, it may bite him on the leg or tear* the seat* out of his trousers.Exercise: Listen to the passage and choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences.1. B2. A3. C4. A5. D6. A7. D8. BPassage 2 Study in the United StatesThe latest report from the Institute for International Education gives information from the school year that began in September of last year and ended in May of this year. It says more than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students. Almost 5,000 foreign students attended NYU last year. The University of Southern California at Los Angeles had the second largest number of students, about 4,500.The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year. New York State was next, with about 55,000 foreign students.China sent the most foreign students to the United States last year. More than 54,000 Chinese students attended American schools. Japan sent the next highest number of students, almost 47,000. India was next, with about 42,000. And Korea was fourth, sending more than 41,000 students to the United States.The report says the most popular subjects of study for international students in the United States last year were business and management. Twenty percent of all foreign students were studying those subjects. Fifteen percent studied engineering. Nineteen percent studied mathematics and computer science.A: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T or F in the space provided. Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.F 1. The school year in the United States begins in September of this year and ends in June of next year. (The school year in the United States begins in September of this year and ends in May of the next year.)F 2. New York University in the State of New York had the largest number of foreign students. (New York University in New York City had the largest number of foreign students.)T 3. The State of California had the most foreign students living there last year. (The report says the State of California had the most foreign students, with about 66,000 living there last year.)F 4. More than 50,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year. (More than 500,000 foreign college students attended American schools during that school year.)F 5. Last year the most popular subject of study for international students in theUnited States was computer science. (Last year the most popular subject of study for international students in the United States was business and management.)B: Listen to the report again and match the number of students with the corresponding country.54,000 China 47,000 Japan42,000 India 41,000 KoreaPart 2 Oral WorkIn a recent broadcast, I heard a woman say that she felt guilty because she spent ￡20 at an auction sale. She was afraid her husband might accuse her of being extravagant.I find this attitude difficult to understand, for, obviously a married woman has as much right to spend ￡20 as her husband. Sometimes both husband and wife go out to work. But, in a case where the woman stays at home to look after the children, it is still unfair that she should feel guilty about spending a small sum of money on herself. Exercise: Listen to the passage and then give your opinion on the following topic. Do you agree with the speaker that the woman's attitude is wrong?职业访谈与工作面试是一回事吗说起职业访谈（Informational Interview），很多人都不清楚是什么意思。