Shall i make some cofffee,J?
shall为情态动词，后跟动词原型。表示说话征求对 方意见或向对方请示
Shall i wait for you? Shall we have an party tonight?
Do you want any milk? 肯定句用“some”，否定句疑问句用 “any”，如果是用在请求的句子里， some不用变成any。some可修饰可数/ 不可数名词。
instead of用在句中，因为of是介词，所 以后跟动名词 We just had soup instead of a full meal. Now i can walk to work instead of going by car.
What a pity!
以what开头的感叹句 what a +可数名词单数/ what +不可数名词
以how开头的感叹句 how +adj +主语 +谓语 How nice the weather is.
Have a biscuit instead.
用在句末或者句首。 Lee was ill so i went instead.
Just a little ,please.

a little 表不可数，少许
There is a little water。

a few 表示可数，几个
There are a few trees。

little 表不可数，几乎没有，表否定
I slept very little last night
lesson 最少的 at least 至少 instead 代替 instead of 代替，后跟动名词 in place of 代替
advice 建议，不可数名词 a piece of advice 一条建议 ask for advise 征求意见 advise v，建议 advise sb to do sth

few 表可数，几个
Few people understand the difference.
Few students learn Latin now.
What about some sugar?
No,less than that.
One and a half teaspoonfuls,please. halves