Text comprehensionI. CII. 1. T; 2. F; 3. F; 4. T; 5. T.III.1. Para.2: whether they should have a second child.2. Para.2&3: feel lonely; be more spoiled.3. Para.4: A third of the population in Japan will be aged 65 or over by 2020.4. Para.5: because the cost of supporting a child up to the age of 18 is around US$160,000.5. Para.6: favoritism or sibling jealousy; less quality time and attention to children; decreased self-esteem and self-confidence.6. No. No simple answer. Circumstances vary from family to family.IV.1. As for the issue of single children, people are often concerned about whether an only child necessarily means a lonely child.2. Some single-child parents feel they are too busy with their work to spend time and energy on a second child. Consequently, they choose to have no more children.3. The conditions affecting each couple vary from family to family.I . VocabularyI Phrase practice1. demanding jobs= jobs needing a lot of attention or effort 费力的工作2. with regard to = in connection with; on the subject of 关于，至于3. stigma =sign of shame; feeling of being ashamed 耻辱，受到侮辱4. give-and-take =willingness of each person to satisfy others’ wishes 妥协，互让5. declined = decreased6. sibling jealousy = the feeling of wanting to get what sb else has among brothers and sistersII.1. arise from2. unique3. self-esteem4. stigma5. overwhelming6. interacted7. favoritism8. prime9. involved10. despiteIII.1. Bwith regard to: in connection withfor the purpose of: why you do sth. or why sth. existsin view of: used to introduce the reason for a decision, action or situationin accordance with: according to a rule, system, etc.2. Censure: to make certain that sth. happensentertain: to keep a group of people interested or enjoying themselves enable: to make it possible for someone to do something, or for something to happenenquire: if you enquire about something, you ask for information about it3. Dsibling n.: a brother or sister4. Aassociate with (sb.): to spend time with someone, esp. someone that other people disapprove ofcare about: if you care about something, you feel that it is important and are concerned about itbe concerned with: to be about a particular thing or persontouch: to have an effect on someone or something, especially by changing or influencing them5. Cat times: sometimesin time: before the time by which it is necessary for something to be doneon time: at the correct time or the time that was arrangedsometime: at a time in the future or the past which is not known or not stated 6. Dresult in: to cause a particular situation to happenresult from: if a situation or problem results from a particular event or activity, it is caused by it7. BCapable of doing / be able to do /8. Acite: if you cite something, you quote it or mention it, especially as an example or proof of what you are sayingsite: a place where something is, was, or where something happened, is happening, or will happensight: the physical ability to seeborrow: if you borrow something that belongs to someone else, you take it or use it for a period of time, usually with their permission9. Bdespite: without taking any notice of or being influenced by; not prevented by in spite of: despite,regardless of; not being prevented by (sb./sth.)10. Cequivalent: if one amount or value is the equivalent of another, they are the samesame: exactly like another or each otherrelated to: things that are related are connected in some way different to: Things are unlike in nature or quality or form or degree. IV.1. 负担；装载a. burden;b. burden;c. loads;d. load.2．选举（人）；选择（物）a. choose;b. elected;c. choose;d. elected.3．（重大）议题；问题（毛病）a. issue;b. problem;c. problem;d. issue.4．潮流（倾向）；时尚（时髦）a. trend;b. trend;c. fashion;d. fashion.V. Synonym / Antonym1.Synonyms: only, sole2. Antonyms: uncommon, unusual, extraordinary, exceptional3. Synonyms: honor, admire, esteem4. Antonyms: decrease, diminish, lessen5. Synonyms: worries, anxiety6.Antonyms: insignificant, weak, feeble, powerless7. Synonyms: first, chief, main, primary, principal, foremost, leading8. Antonyms: fortunately, luckilyVI. Word derivationFill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in brackets.1. She is famous for her advocacy of human rights. (advocate)2. When the time for parting came, he shook hands with everyone respectfully. (respect)3. It is estimated that China has enormous potential for economic development in the coming year. (potentially)4.The job of a surveyor is to examine the condition of a building, or to measure and record the details of an area of land. (survey)5. The British Air Force succeeded despite overwhelming odds against them. (overwhelm)6. The association between the two companies dates back to the last century. (associate)7. There is no English equivalent for “bon appetite,” so we have adopted the French expression. (equivalence)8. I thought his remark was highly inappropriate, given the circumstances. (appropriate)1. advocate (v.) 提倡，主张，拥护advocation (n.) 拥护，支持，辩护advocator (n.) 提倡者，拥护者advocatory (a.) 拥护者的，有关拥护者的advocacy (n.) 拥护，主张，辩护2.respect (v.) 尊敬，尊重；遵守respectable (a.) 人格高尚的，值得尊敬的respectful (a.) 恭敬的，礼貌的respective (a.)分别的，各自的3. potential (n.) 可能性，潜能potent (adj.) 有效的，强有力的，有权势的4. survey（v.）监督，监视surveillance (n.) 监督，监视surveyor (n.) 测量员，检验员5. overwhelm (v.) 压倒，淹没，受打击overwhelming (adj.) 压倒性的，势不可挡的overwhelmingly (adv.) 压倒性地，不可抵抗地6. associate（v.）结交，交往association (n.) 协会，联盟，社团associative (adj.) 联合的，联想的，组合的associator (n.) 社员，伙伴，会员7.equal (adj.) 相等的，胜任的，平等的equality (n.) 平等，相等equation (n.) 等式，方程式equivalent (adj.) 相等的，等价的，同意义的equivalence (n.) 等值，相等8. appropriate ( adj.) 适当的appropriately (adv.) 适当地inappropriate (adj.) 不适当的，不相称的II. GrammarI．1. convince sb of sth: of his innocence.2. be sure about/of sth: about/of Simon’s disappearance?3. be sorry about: about Lawler’s resignation.4. assure sb of sth: of my willingness to….5. persrade sb of sth: of their need for more troops.6. inform sb of sth: of the change of the plans?7. remind sb of sth: of your responsibility towards your friends.8. tell sb of sth: of these problems.II.1. We would have arrived two hours ago __but for__ the traffic jam. (but not because of… / if not because of) 但是出了……/如果没有……2. _Except for__ a few spelling mistakes, it is on the whole a goodcomposition. 除了……3. in the case of = in the circumstance of / with regard to 至于……情况4. What with = because of 这怎么办/因为这5. _In terms of___ money, they’re quite rich. (Concerning… / as to) 在……方面/从方面来说6. In view of (Considering…) 考虑到……7. by way of (as a way of) 作为一种方式8. in point of fact (as a matter of fact / in fact) 在……上/方面III.1. In spite of 让步（普通） the city’s many attractions,2. Despite 让步（正式） the clear scientific evidence, people…3. with all 让步（口语化） his immense fortune.4. For all 让步（口语化） your huge secretarial staff, it…5. because of 原因（强） the heavy rain.6. for 原因/目的（弱） money.IV.1． Although… *make sb understood：使某人被理解2． Despite living in… / Despite the fact that *despite prep + n.介词带宾语:即使是……3． … in spite of having all… *in spite of prep phrase + n.介词词组带宾语:即使是……4． …except around Christmas, when… 除了在圣诞节期间5． But for the millions of dollars’ worth of aid from governments around the world, most people…. *but for prep. + n.介词词组带宾语: 要不是……6． The Prime Minister… because of growing…. *because of prep phrase + n.: 因为7． …because… *because conj + clause: 因为8． …even though… *conj + clause: 即使…… pull out: 退缩/撤出V.1. because2. as3. Although4. Whenever5. wherever6.since7. where8. or else/otherwiseVI．what引导的主语从句的功能与作主语的名词短语相当/宾语从句。