Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Surfing on the Web. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1. 有人网上冲浪为了娱乐；2. 有人认为应充分利用网络来学习；3. 我的观点。

Surfing on the Web__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) Surfing the net. C) Packing a birthday gift.B) Watching a talk show. D) Shopping at a jewelry store.2. A) He enjoys finding fault with exams. C) He doesn’t know if he can do well in the exam.B) He is sure of his success in the exam. D) He used to get straight A’s in the exams he took.3. A) The man is generous with his good comments on people.B) The woman is unsure if there will be peace in the world.C) The woman is doubtful about newspaper stories.D) The man is quite optimistic about human nature.4. A) Study for some profession. C) Stay in business.B) Attend a medical school. D) Sell his shop.5. A) More money. C) A college education.B) Fair treatment. D) Shorter work hours.6. A) She was exhausted from her trip. C) She was impressed by Mexican food.B) She missed the comforts of home. D) She will not go to Mexico again.7. A) Cheer herself up a bit. . C) Seek professional advice.B) Find a more suitable job. D) Take a psychology course.8. A) He dresses more formally now. C) He has ignored his friends since graduation.B) What he wears does not match his position. D) He failed to do well at college.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) To go sightseeing. C) To promote a new champagne.B) To have meetings. D) To join in a training program.10. A) It can reduce the number of passenger complaints. C) It can cut down the expenses for air travel.B) It can make air travel more entertaining. D) It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel.11. A) Took balanced meals with champagne. C) Refrained from fish or meat.B) Ate vegetables and fruit only. D) Avoided eating rich food.12. A) Many of them found it difficult to exercise on a plane. C) Not many of them chose to do what she did.B) Many of them were concerned with their well-being. D) Not many of them understood the program.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) At a fair. C) In a computer lab.B) At a cafeteria. D) In a shopping mall.14. A) The latest computer technology. C) The purchasing of some equipment.B) The organizing of an exhibition. D) The dramatic changes in the job market.15. A) Data collection. C) Corporate management.B) Training consultancy. D) Information processing.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Improve themselves. C) Follow the cultural tradition.B) Get rid of empty dreams. D) Attempt something impossible.17. A) By finding sufficient support for implementation. C) By constantly keeping in mind their ultimate goals.B) By taking into account their own ability to change. D) By making detailed plans and carrying them out.18. A) To show people how to get their lives back to normal.B) To show how difficult it is for people to lose weight.C) To remind people to check the calories on food bags.D) To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Michael’s parents got divorced. C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident.B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson. D) A truck driver lost his life in acollision.20. A) He ran a red light and collided with a truck. C) He was killed instantly in a burning car.B) He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl. D) He got married to Karen’s mother.21. A) The reported hero turned out to be his father. C) Such misfortune should have fallen on him.B) He did not understand his father till too late. D) It reminded him of his miserable childhood.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Germany. C) The U. S.B) Japan. D) The U. K.23. A) By doing odd jobs at weekends. C) By putting in more hours each week.B) By working long hours every day. D) By taking shorter vacations each year.24. A) To combat competition and raise productivity. C) To help them maintain their living standard.B) To provide them with more job opportunities. D) To prevent them from holding a second job.25. A) Change their jobs. C) Reduce their working hours.B) Earn more money. D) Strengthen the government’s role. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Growing numbers of bright students face missing out on their first choice university, academics warned today, as figures showed three-quarters of institutions are being forced to reduce places.Almost 100 out of 130 universities in England could be forced to take fewer 26 this year, following the introduction of Coalition reforms designed to drive down 27 fees.Many members of the elite Russell Group are among those facing 28 , with Liverpool, Leeds, Manchester, Newcastle and Southampton being particularly 29 .Data from the Government’s Higher Education Funding Council for England suggests some newer universities such as Bedfordshire and East London are expecting to lose around one-in-eight places.The cuts are being 30 following the introduction of new rules that effectively 31 universities charging more than ￡7,500 in student fees from this autumn.It means large numbers of places are being 32 towards cheap further education colleges.Ministers are also lifting controls on the number of bright students gaining at least two A grades and a B at A-level that universities can recruit—33 an inevitable scramble towards a small number of top institutions.The funding council’s chief executive denied the loss of student places would tip any institution into significant financial trouble.But Prof Michael Farthing, vice-chancellor of Sussex University and chairman of the 1994 Group, which represents many small research institutions, said the figures show that many excellent students will be denied places at their first choice universities."The number of students universities are allowed to recruit has been cut across the sector, with 20,000places 34 to institutions with lower than average fees, "he said."Far from giving the best universities freedom to 35 more students, this represents a push to a cut-price education."Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income, 36 in a time of widespread redundancies (裁员).In a 37 shift in attitudes, four out often women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take 38 in the relationship.In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the 39 while their female partner works full time.Ten percent of women admitted this role 40 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them 41 company.The Women and Work Survey 2010，commissioned (受……委托) by Grazia magazine, found that almost half of full-time mothers 42 not earning their own money.And two thirds of the mothers among the 2，000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working in some way after having children.A 43 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work—preferably part-time—rather than stay at home.Victoria Harper of Grazia said, "Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career 44 faster than they have ever done. "This means that there has to be more 45 between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.A) precedence I) especiallyB) connection J) partingC) prospect K) oppositeD) slightly L) choresE) ladder M) dislikedF) favored N) fluidityG) plan O) significantH) reversalSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats?A) A few months ago I booked a flight for two and then went to select seats on the airline’s site. Based on the destination and time of year, I was surprised to find only two adjacent seats were available without paying a premium (额外费用). But I was even more surprised a few weeks later, when we boarded the aircraft and a flight attendant announced that only 30% of seats were occupied, so we should all feel free to stretch out.B) So how could a flight that looked nearly full a month earlier wind up with seven out of ten seats empty? That’s a question only the airlines can answer, and they’re not eager to provide many details.C) Are some carriers intentionally holding back seat assignments, in the hope we’ll all pay for "premium" seats? It’s a fair question, and the evidence is intriguing.Behind the screen indeedD) An awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield management, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the battle.E) Some industry experts have connected the dots. "They’re trying to get people to buy premium seats, " says George Hobica, ’s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of . "They want to increase revenue. And we’re getting more complaints about it. " He notes that it "really annoys" passengers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children.F) He’s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition (联盟): "With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is unethical—they’re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options. "G) According to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附加的) revenue is unbundling (分类计价) ticket prices, so passengers who desire a given service—-say checking a bag or ordering a soft drink—pay for it, while those who don’t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, "There’s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for ’optional services. ’Well, seats aren’t optional!"H) Of course, securing a good seat isn’t an issue if you’re in first class or you’re an elite member of a frequent flyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I’ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we’re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U. S. airline industry since World War II. But even with the average percentage of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%，it’s still an average—some flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder. Seats for saleI) Hobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因)，but he also notes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to select seats only 24 hours in advance. I asked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: "That’s going to vary because there are so many variables. "J) I decided to check on seat availability at Delta. com. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy route—Atlanta to Chicago—and conducted an apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so few "free" seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be bought for the right price.K) I contacted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies "depending on a number of different factors, " so customers need to compare the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勋章) members, and become available without additional charge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, "Overall, our seat program has been received very well. "L) But my findings dovetailed (吻合) with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a seat assignment on the first flight there was just one "complimentary (免费的) seat"(near the back in the middle) available. . .the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no "complimentary seats" at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these flights and now he is supposed to "buy" a seat! (2) (After) paying for the flight, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumped from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assignment?How to respond?M) So what can you do? It’s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That’s why some believe the U. S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell says, "The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions. "N) That said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat selection—for all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifier "should"? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it’s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent seat-selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer "open seating" policies. (4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls "horse trading": negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. Butthis has become a risky and undesirable option with flights so full, overhead bins (行李仓) so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance.46. Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers.47. The airlines’ excuse for additional fees is unbundling ticket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will have to pay.48. Whether some carriers withhold seats on purpose for earning consumers’ premium is a question deserving to be cleared up.49. Mitchell holds that there is an urgent need for transparency on carriers’ seat assignments.50. While Hobica ascribes the main responsibilities to the major airlines, he also mentions that the low-cost carriers are making securing seats difficult.51. Some believe that, in order to solve the problem of airlines’withholding seats, some actions should be taken by the U. S. Department of Transportation.52. When people budget their airfares, they should consider both the baggage fees and the added cost of seat selection.53. Kevin Mitchell considers the so-called yield management of the industry unethical and misleading.54. What the spokesman of Delta says suggests that the preferred economy-class tickets are available 24 hours in advance of the plane’s departure.55. The last strategy to counter the airline’s initiatives is to exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)，B)，C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.You hear the refrain all the time: the U. S. economy looks good statistically, but it doesn’t feel good. Why doesn’t ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness? It is a question that dates back at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent (富裕的) Society by John Kenneth Galbraith, who died recently at 97.The Affluent Society is a modern classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. For most of history, "hunger, sickness, and cold" threatened nearly everyone. Galbraith wrote "Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours. " After World War Ⅱ，the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5percent.To Galbraith, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent. Through advertising companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didn’t really want or need. Because so much spending was artificial, it would be unfulfilling. Meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctively—and wrongly—labeled government only as "a necessary evil".It’s often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else standing still or falling behind. Well, there are many undeserving rich—overpaid chief executive, for instance. But overany meaningful period, most people’s incomes are increasing. From 1995 to 2004，inflation-adjusted average family income rose 14.3 percent, to $43，200. People feel "squeezed" because their rising incomes often don’t satisfy their rising wants—for bigger homes, more health care, more education, faster Internet connections.The other great frustration is that it has not eliminated insecurity. People regard job stability as part of their standard of living. As corporate layoffs increased, that part has eroded. More workers fear they’re becoming "the disposable American, " as Louis Uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name.Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the arrival of widespread affluence suggested utopian (乌托邦式的) possibilities. Up to a point, affluence succeeds. There is much less physical misery than before. People are better off. Unfortunately, affluence also creates new complaints and contradictions.Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the. multiplying wants of their citizens. But the quest for growth lets loose new anxieties and economic conflicts that disturb the social order. Affluence liberates the individual, promising that everyone can choose a unique way to self-fulfillment. But the promise is so extravagant that it predestines many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social consequences, including family breakdown and obesity (肥胖症). Statistical indicators of happiness have not risen with incomes.Should we be surprised? Not really. We’ve simply reaffirmed an old truth: the pursuit of affluence does not always end with happiness.56. What question does John Kenneth Galbraith raise in his book The Affluent Society?A) Why statistics don’t tell the truth about the economy. C) How happiness can be promoted today.B) Why affluence doesn’t guarantee happiness. D) What lies behind an economic boom.57. According to Galbraith, people feel discontented because ________ .A) public spending hasn’t been cut down as expected C) they are in fear of another Great DepressionB) the government has proved to be a necessary evil D) materialism has run wild in modem society58. Why do people feel squeezed when their average income rises considerably?A) Their material pursuits have gone far ahead of their earnings.B) Their purchasing power has dropped markedly with inflation.C) The distribution of wealth is uneven between the rich and the poor.D) Health care and educational costs have somehow gone out of control.59. What does Louis Uchitelle mean by "the disposable American" (Lines 2-3，Para. 5)?A) Those who see job stability as part of their living standard.B) People full of utopian ideas resulting from affluence.C) People who have little say in American politics.D) Workers who no longer have secure jobs.60. What has affluence brought to American society?A) Renewed economic security. C) New conflicts and complaints.B) A sense of self-fulfillment. D) Misery and anti-social behavior.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are bated on the following passage.The use of deferential (尊重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she "treads softly (谨言慎行) in the world, " elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.Nowadays, it is commonly observed that young women are not conforming to the feminine linguistic (语言的)ideal They are using fewer of the very deferential "women’s" forms, and even using the few strong forms that are known as "men’s. " This, of course, attracts considerable attention and has led to an outcry in the Japanese media against the defeminization of women’s language. Indeed, we didn’t hear about "men’s language" until people began to respond to girls’appropriation of forms normally reserved for boys and men. There is considerable sentiment about the "corruption" of women’s language—which of course is viewed as part of the loss of feminine ideals and morality—and this sentiment is crystallized by nationwide opinion polls that are regularly carried out by the media.Yoshiko Matsumoto has argued that young women probably never used as many of the highly deferential forms as older women. This highly polite style is no doubt something that young women have been expected to "grow into"—after all, it is a sign not simply of femininity, but of maturity and refinement, and its use could be taken to indicate a change in the nature of one’s social relations as well. One might well imagine little girls using exceedingly polite forms when playing house or imitating older women—in a fashion analogous to little gifts’use of a high-pitched voice to do "teacher talk" or "mother talk" in role play.The fact that young Japanese women are using less deferential language is a sure sign of change—of social change and of linguistic change. But it is most certainly not a sign of the "masculinization" of girls. In some instances, it may be a sign that girls are making the same claim to authority as boys and men, but that is very different from saying that they are trying to be "masculine". Katsue Reynolds has argued that girls nowadays are using more assertive language strategies in order to be able to compete with boys in schools and out. Social change also brings not simply different positions for women and girls, but different relations to life stages, and adolescent girls are participating in new subcultural forms. Thus what may to an older speaker, seem like "masculine" speech may seem to an adolescent like "liberated" or "hip" speech.61. The first paragraph describes in detail ________ .A) the standards set for contemporary Japanese women C) the stereotyped role of women in Japanese familiesB) the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan D) the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow62. What change has been observed in today’s young Japanese women?A) They pay less attention to their linguistic behavior. C) They confuse male and female forms of language.B) They use fewer of the deferential linguistic forms. D) They employ very strong linguistic expressions.63. How do some people react to women’s appropriation of men’s language forms as reported in the Japanese media?。