上海市松江二中2015届高三上学期开学考试英语试题2014- 08- 15第I卷（103分）I. Listening Comprehension (24分)Section A1. A. A student. B. A secretary. C. A teacher.D. A boss.2. A. In the department store. B. At the airport.C. At the railway station.D. At the furniture store.3. A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.4. A. The English test took place a week ago.B. The woman was confident about the English test.C. Tomorrow’s English test will be easy.D. There won’t be an English test tomorrow.5. A. She doesn’t like English poetry. B. Poetry class is very popular.C. Dr. Robinson is easy to get along with.D. The course will be difficult.6. A. Five feet tall. B. Only one foot tall. C. Six feet tall. D. Seven feet tall.7. A. Go to the library. B. Go to see a film.C. Get some exercise.D. Do homework in school.8. A. It is 4: 10 now. B. It is 4: 20 now. C. It is 4: 50 now. D. It is 5:00 now.9. A. He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B. He has made great progress in his English.C. He is a student of the music department.D. He is not very interested in English songs.10. A. He has always been so productive. B. He got his job done within a minute.C. He finished the paper just in time.D. He hasn’t finished his paper yet.Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. When directions are long. B. When directions are short.C. When homework is given.D. When your mother talks.12. A. Your pen and paper. B. A few words.C. Your mind and ears.D. Some pictures.13. A Topics or page numbers. B. Key words or a picture in mind.C. Some details.D. School assignments.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It is based on individual need, personal goals and different life styles.B. It is decided by the healthiest lifestyle.C. It is based on some tests and comparison with standards.D. It is based more on individual needs than personal goals.15. A. It is more accurate. B. It is more flexible.C. It is less enjoyable.D. It is less effective.16. A. An accountant who can be as physically fit as an athlete.B. The importance of three basic factors concerning fitness.C. New concept of fitness and its essential factors.D. Some sports with significant training effect.Section CII. Grammar and Vocabulary（26分）Section A25. —Can he take charge of the computer company?—I’m afraid it is _________ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. ofD. to26. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _________of them answered it.A. eitherB. noneC. neitherD. nobody27. The higher the oil price is, ___________to the global economy.A. the more damage will it causeB. the more it will cause damageC. the more damage it will causeD. the more will it cause damage28. _________at the very beginning, the financial crisis was getting worse and worse in America.A. Not dealt with properlyB. Not dealing with properlyC. Not having dealt with properlyD. Not being dealt with properly29. The custom of giving gifts at Christmas can be traced back to the Wise Men _________gifts to the baby Jesus.A. bringB. broughtC. bringingD. being brought30. The driver _________, according to the newspaper, to have been killed in the traffic accident.A. saidB. was sayingC. was saidD. had been said31. If a computer crashes, you will lose the file you _________unless you save it regularly.A. are workingB. workC. will workD. worked32. The building burnt down in a big fire. _________was the base on which it stood.A. What remainedB. All remainedC. What was remainedD. All what remained33. To our surprise, that top student in our class failed _________a scholarship.A. obtainB. obtainingC. to obtainD. obtained1．I feel honored to introduce Mr White to you, without _________consideration our project would have ended in failure.A. whomB. thatC. whoseD. who35. _________advertisements are of great help, I don’t think we should entirely rely on them.A. SinceB. WhileC. OnceD. As36. No one knows _________ prevented the rumor from spreading.A. what was it thatB. what it was thatC. how it was thatD. why it was that37. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A. So curious the couple wasB. So curious were the coupleC. So were curious the coupleD. So was the couple curious38.Joe’s_______ in the get-together surely brought us a lot of pleasure as he is a man with astrong sense of humour.A. joiningB. having been joinedC. joinedD. had joined39.After John stayed in shanghai for a couple of days, he got the impression _________the citywas very fascinating.A. whichB. whyC. whereD. that40. Don’t leave the chocolates _______Cathy can get them. They are not good for teeth.A. whetherB. in whichC. whereD. unlessIf you are a modern art lover, you should be sure to drop by the Saatchi Gallery during your visit to London. The 41 gallery was opened by Charles Saatchi, a British art collector famous for founding the Saatchi and Saatchi advertising agency with his brother. It moved from its old 42 in St. John’s Wood to its new home in County Hall near the Thames in the spring of 2003.Anyone who has heard reports in the past of the often shocking but always thought-provoking (激发) works on 43 at the Saatchi Gallery will not be disappointed when visiting the gallery’s new location. Along with the exhibits of new British artists, the gallery still includes the works of Damien Hirst, the Chapman brothers, and Tracy Emin in its permanent 44 .Of the artworks, one can see in the Saatchi Gallery, Hirst’s works are probably the most well-known. Hirst’s work first made headlines in the early 1990s when he 45 art from dead animals.Along with Hirst, the Chapman brothers, Dinos and Jake, also owe a certain amount of their fame to the Saatchi Gallery. It was through Saatchi that these two brothers came to 46 attention. At the gallery, visitors can see the brothers’vision of Hell, made from 30, 000 plastic toy soldiers.Another artist 47 at the gallery who has grabbed headlines with her art is Tracy Emin. In 1998, Emin gave rise to argument when she sold her 48 , unmade bed to Saatchi as a work of art titled My Bed at ￡150, 000.Are any of these works really art? That is a question you will have to answer for yourself when you visit the Saatchi Gallery. Charles Saatchi himself says, “I don’t have any ground rules for 49 art. Sometimes you look and don’t feel very comfortable with it—but that doesn't tell you very much. It doesn't ____50____ reveal much about the quality of the work.”III. Reading Comprehension （53分）Section AAround 15 million of us will leave a cup of tea to go cold today while a similar amount will forget where they put the keys to their house or car.Meanwhile, 12 million go to the shops only to 51 forget what they went for----and the same will forget about 52 washing in the machine, according to the survey 53 by .PIN numbers, passwords and chores such as taking food out of the freezer the night before and 54 yourmobile phone also stood highly on the list. And more than one in ten 55 forgetting to buy a lottery ticket which may have 56 them a win.Modern busy lifestyles and increased 57 as well as modern technology were 58 the increase in our levels of forgetfulness.A National Lottery spokesman said: “We are busier than ever in our work and personal lives and it seems we just have too much to remember for our 59 minds.”The study found the technology has also played a part, leaving us with more gadgets(小装置) than ever before to60 and charge or take care of.61 work pressures it is within the home environment where most things are forgotten, such as credit card62 , children’s school events or food related things.The study found one in four people have 63 an important appointment and nearly one in five have fallen out with a friend over a forgotten date or event.Women are much better than men in the report, failing to 64 an average of two and a half things every day 65 to 3.5 things for men.51. A. completely B. fortunately C. barely D. mostly52. A. freezing B. elegant C. formal D. wet53. A. experimented B. conducted C. applied D. commanded54. A. loading B. forgetting C. charging D. remarking55. A. deny B. admit C. forbid D. avoid56. A. entitled B. purchased C. consumed D. cost57. A. pressure B. rank C. logic D. weight58. A. led to B. blamed for C. brought about D. confirmed59. A. crowded B. conscious C. impatient D. accurate60. A. dive in B. insert in C. push in D. plug in61. A. Despite B. Though C. In spite D. Moreover62. A. illustrations B. thefts C. payments D. journals63. A. missed B. made C. drawn D. concluded64. A. ignore B. remind C. recall D. assure65. A. devoted B. contributed C. opposed D. comparedSection B(A)I am a good mother to three children. I have tried never to let my profession stand in the way of being a good parent.I no longer consider myself the center of universe. I show up. I listen. I try to laugh. I was a good friend to my husband. I have tried to make marriage vows(誓约)mean what they say. I am a good friend to my friends, and they to me. Without them, there would be nothing to say to you today.So here’s what I wanted to tell you today: Get a life. A real life, not a desire of the next promotion, the bigger paycheck, the larger house.Get a life in which you are not alone. Find people you love, and who loves you. And remember that love is not leisure, it is work. Pick up the phone. Send an e-mail. Write a letter. And realize that life is the best thing and that you have no business taking for granted.It is so easy to waste our lives, our days, our hours, and our minutes. It is so easy to exist instead of to live. I learnedto live many years ago. Something really, really bad happened to me, something that changed my life in ways that, if I had my choice, it would never have been changed at all. And what I learned from it is what, today, seems to be the hardest lesson of all.I learned to love the journey, not the destination. I learned to look at all the good in the world and try to give some of it back because I believed in it, completely and totally. And I tried to do that, in part, by telling others what I had learned.66. How did the writer form her view of life?A. Through social experienceB. By learning from her friendsC. Through an unfortunate experienceD. From her children and husband67. The sentence “It is so easy to exist instead of to live.” means that people tend to _________.A. waste a lot in lifeB. work rather than enjoy lifeC. make a living rather live a real lifeD. forget the most important lessons in life68. It can be inferred from the passage that_________.A. The author likes travelling very muchB. The author did not try her best to work wellC. The author spent all her time caring for childrenD. the author is a success in personal life69. The best title for this passage probably is______.A. Love your friendsB. Live a real lifeC. Don’t waste timeD. Be a good wife and mother(B)OUR KIDS ARE AMAZING－especially compared with everybody else’s (who seem to cry all the time). How do you show your love for your kids this holiday season? With toys that are smooth and colorful, interactive and exciting. And with ones that have educational value－because you are the boss.A. ROBOSAPIENB. MINI PEDAL CARC. FLAX ART HOSPITAL PUZZLE AND PLAY SETD. TINY LOVE ACTIVITY BALL71. Which toys are fit for three-year-old kids?A. 1 and 3.B. 2 and 4.C. I and 2.D. 3 and 4.72. This passage is written for __________.A. parentsB. childrenC. the salesmanD. the boss(C)Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. Scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. Earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. Ozone（臭氧）levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” Scientists tracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. Typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. The net effect is cooling. Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.73. According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _______.A. result in a warming climateB. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC. lead to a longer fire seasonD. protect the forests and the environment there74. Earlier studies about northern forest fires _________.A. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentD. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming75. Th e underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means ________.A. releasedB. absorbedC. createdD. disturbed76.From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia may __________.A. warm the climate as the supposition goesB. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy(D)Is Positive Thinking Powerful?The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed”. But was the positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply stress how unhappy they are. The study’s authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by using older research showing that when people get feedback (反馈) which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your friend who is not very clever that he has the potential of an Einstein, you’re just underlining his faults. In the 1990s, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton conducted an experiment. The participants were asked to write essays opposing financial support for the disabled, expressing little sympathy for them. When these participants were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students’ self-respect. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.” Those with low self-respect didn’t feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their feelings turned significantly worse than those of members of the control group, who weren’t urged to think positive thoughts.The study provides support for newer forms for psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, on the contrary, can teach people to realize their shortcomings from a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.77. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A. There can be no simple solutions to psychological problems.B. Encouraging positive thinking may do harm to people.C. The power of positive thinking is limited.D. Unhappy people cannot think positively.78. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably means ______.A. you are pointing out the mistakes he has madeB. you are not taking his mistakes seriously enoughC. you are stressing the fact that he is not intelligentD. you are not trying to make him feel better about his faults79. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A. Self-approval can bring a positive change to one’s feelings.B. People with low self-respect seldom write down their true feelings.C. It is important for people to continually improve their self-respect.D. Forcing people to think positive thoughts may lower their self-respect.80. It can be learned from the last paragraph that ______.A. people can avoid making mistakes through meditationB. different people tend to have different ways of thinkingC. meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapyD. the effects of positive thinking differ from person to person(E)Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions and complete the statements in the fewest possible words.An addiction（瘾）is an activity or substance we are eager to experience repeatedly, and for which we are willing if necessary to pay a price. Common addictions involve alcohol, cigarettes, food, drugs, gambling, etc. This article discusses the concepts which can be helpful in coping with addictive behavior.Relatively minor addictions, such as watching too much television, or lying in bed on weekend mornings, are often not even considered addictions, because the price paid for engaging in them is not high. On the other hand, we tend to use the term “addict” to describe the person who, at least in the eyes of others, continues to be addicted in a behavior long after it has become clear that the substantial price being paid was not worth the benefit. The individual who has lost career, house, family and friends because of cocaine (可卡因) use, but is unwilling to consider stopping is an unfortunate example.Negative addictions range from those with very minor negative consequences, to those as serious as the cocaine addict just mentioned, with much area in between. Although it is not necessarily true that a negative addiction grows stronger over time, yet a constant level of addictive behavior (e.g., overspending $ 200 a week ) can lead to an increasing level of negative consequences.You may be surprised to learn that addictions can also be considered positive. Positive addictions are those in which the benefits outweigh the price. A common example would be the habit of regular exercise. The price of membership in a gym, the time involved and any clothing expense is outweighed by the benefits of better health, energy, self-confidence and appearance. As with negative addictions, positive addictions may not get stronger over time, and there is a broad range of how much benefit is actually obtained.What is common to both positive and negative addictions is the urge to engage in the addictive behavior, and the satisfaction that is felt when the urge is acted upon. The urge is a state of tension and expectation that is experienced uncomfortably as a desire for the substance or activity. Because we experience relief when the urge is acted upon, there is an increased likelihood that we will act on the urge again.81. What does the passage mainly talk about?_______________________________________________.82.We use the term “addict” to describe a person when he or she goes on _______________eventhough he or she knows it is not worthwhile.83. Why is exercising in the gym considered to be a positive addiction?_______________________________________________.84. How do people feel when the urge is acted on?_______________________________________________.(Note: Answer the questions and complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)第II卷（47分）I. Translation(22%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、中国文化与西方文化是不同的。