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英语16种时态结构归纳.doc

时间轴:过去现在将来一般时态:一般过去时●一般现在时●进行时态:过去进行时●现在进行时●完成时态:过去完成时●现在完成时●完成进行时:过去完成进行时▲现在完成进行时关键词是:表示时间的词语一般将来时●将来进行时●将来完成时▲将来完成进行时▲现在时间点的将来过去时间点的将来will would一般将来时过去将来时would do将来进行时过去将来进行时should be doing , would be doing▲将来完成时过去将来完成时should have done , would have done▲将来完成进行时过去将来完成进行时 should have been doing, would have been doing ▲过去现在将来一般时态:一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时Did do/does will do进行时态:过去进行时现在进行时将来进行时was/were doing am/is/are doing will be doing完成时态:过去完成时现在完成时将来完成时had done have/has done will have done完成进行时:过去完成进行时现在完成进行时将来完成进行时Had been doing have/has been doing will have been doing动词时态:表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式语态:描述句子中动词和参与此动作之主语之间关系的一个术语。

一般时态:叙述、描述或者经常发生的动作等(时间段)进行时态:在某时间点某个动作正在发生(时间点)..............完成时态:截止到某一个时间点,某个动作已经完成(时间点)完成进行时:截至某个时间点该动作已经发生,并将延续下去(时间点)一般过去时She?got?up?early,?fetched?water,?cleaned?the?room?and?then?went?out?for?a?walk 陈述已做的事情一般现在时The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon 陈述火车下午三点发车这件事儿一般将来时He will come back soon . 叙述将要发生的事情现在完成时John has broken his left leg 强调已发生过去完成时By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I had cooked the dinner already直至到昨天父母回来的那一刻,我已经把晚餐准备好了将来完成时 Before long he will have forgotten all about the matter. 过了将来的一个时间点后他就会忘记某事现在完成进行时We have been working on this project for over a month now 到现在时间点已完成一部分,另外的在今后在完成将来完成进行时By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years. 到下个月的一个时间点已完成部分,并在将来的一段时间内继续过去完成进行时:I had been looking for it for days before I found it.这东西我找了好多天才找着的1.I can guess you were in a hurry.You____ your sweater inside out.A.had wornB.woreC.were wearingD.are wearing2.——We _____that you would fix the TV set this week.——I’ m sorry.I _____to fix it this week, but I ’ ve been too busy.A.had expected ; had intendedB.are expecting ; had intendedC.expect;intendD.expected;intend3.He will stop showing off, if no notice_____of him.4.—— It is said that another new car factory _____ now.—— Yeah.It _____ one and a half years.A.is building ; takesB.is being built ; will takeC.is built;will takeD.is being built ; takes5.—— I ’ m sorry, but I shouldn’ t have been so rude to you.—— You _____ your temper but that ’ s OK.A.have lostB.had lostC.did loseD.were losing6.—— Why? Tom, your shirt is so dirty!—— Mum, I _____ my storeroom downstairs 。

16.I’ ve won a holiday for two to Florida.I_____my mum.A.takeB.am takingC.have takenD.will have taken10.The traffic in our city is already good and it___even better.11.—— Has Jack finished his homework yet?—— I have no idea ; he ___ it this morning.A.was doingB.had been doingC.has doneD.did12.——I will come to attend your lecture at 10:00 tomorrow.——I’ m sorry, by then my lecture will have ended and I ___ my guests in my office.A.is being metB.will meetC.will be meetingD.will have met13.—— Alice came back home the day before yesterday.—— Really ? Where _____ ?A.has she beenB.had she beenC.has she goneD.had she gone14.John and I___ friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _____ each other a couple of times before that.A.had been; have metB.have been; have metC.had been; had metD.have been; had met15.I ____ping-pong quite well, but I haven ’ t had time to play since the new year.A.will playB.have playedC.playedD.play1.D。

can guess 这一现在猜测是建立在眼前所见情景的基础上的,故用现在进行时。

2.A。

expect, intend, want, wish, hope, plan 等动词的过去完成式可表示过去未曾实现的想法、愿望、打算等。

if 从3.A。

如主句用将来时,在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。

又因句是 take notice of... 的被动语态结构,故选A。

4.B。

根据主语与build 之间的被动关系和now,可知要选现在进行时的被动语态;因工厂正在修建,花费一年半应指将来。

5.C。

shouldn’t have done 表示“过去本不应”。

You did lose your temper 是You lost your temper 的强调形式。

6.D。

现在完成进行时表示从过去某时到现在一直在进行的动作。

7.B。

句意为:他们(现在)不愿买新衣服,因为他们在攒钱买电视。

由此可见,攒钱是现阶段正在进行的动作。

8.C。

担心是从过去某时到说话时为止一直在进行的动作,用现在完成时;expect 是在过去某一段时间里(整个晚上)正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时。

9.B。

论文已完成,花费一个月时间应指过去;某事花费某人多少时间用sth.takes sb.some time 结构。

10.D。

交通现在已经好了,在此基础上正在变得更好。

11.A。

题干没有构成“过去的过去”,不可选 B。

如选 C、D 则表示动作已完成,与have no idea 相矛盾。

过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作,不涉及结果,正好附合题干语境。

12.C。

by then 是指将来的时间状语,排除A。

再由句意可知, meet 指的是到了十点钟时将正在进行的动作。

13.B。

问句问的是前天回来之前去了哪儿,故用过去完成时。

注意had gone 表示人未回来,与第一句相矛盾。

14.D。

for +时间段表示从过去某时延续至今的动作或状态,用现在完成时; meet 发生在 got to know 这一过去动作之前,用过去完成时。

15.D。

用一般现在时表示现在的特征或状态。

16.B。

come, go, leave, arrive, take 等动词常用进行时表砂将来。

17.D。

表示过去没有做某事应用去时。

又因句子没有"过去正在进行 " 之意,帮排除 A。

18.B。

问对方 "去了哪里 " ,指的是从过去某时到现在为止的动作,用现在完成时;第二个空格是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气和主句,条件状语从句If I hadn’ t got stuck in the heavy traffic 被省略。

19.C。

在一个国际会议上被介绍显然发生在过去。

20.B。

此句为复杂特殊疑问句结构,即“疑问词+do you think (believe, suppose, expect, imagine, say, consider, guess等)+其它(陈述语序)?”。

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