第一节名词及名词专项练习一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名词的词。

名词分为普通名词和专有名词。

普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。

二、可数名词和不可数名词(一)可数名词1. 一般情况下直接加sbook—books cup—cups bag—bags face—faces2. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加escity— cities family—families county—counties baby—babies3. 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加esbus—buses wish—wishes watch—watches glass—glasses4. 以o结尾的，加s 或eszoo—zoos potato—potatoes photo—photos tomato—tomatoes5. 以f、fe 结尾的，先变f、fe为v 再加esleaf—leaves thief—thieves s helf—shelves life—lives6. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的woman—women man—men child—children foot—feet7. 单数和复数形式相同means —means deer—deer fish—fish sheep—sheep8. 某国人的复数a. 中、日不变Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japaneseb. 英、法变Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmenc. 其余后面加s American—Americans German—Germans（二）不可数名词1. 不能直接用数字表数量；2. 不能直接加a或an；3. 没有复数形式；4. 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of 、much 修饰;5. 可用“量词短语”表示，数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk三、名词的所有格（一）’s 所有格1. 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，只在最后一个名词后加’s。

This is Mary and Lily’s bedroom. 这间是玛丽和丽丽的寝室。

2. 用and连接两个并列的单数名词表示各有关系时，分别在每个名词后加’s。

These are Tom’s and Jack’s school bags. 这些是汤姆和杰克的书包。

3. 以s结尾的复数名词，变所有格时在s后加’,不以s 结尾的复数名词，仍加’s。

Teachers’ Day（教师节）Children’s Day （儿童节）4. 表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s 代表全称。

at the doctor’s（在诊所）at the Bob’s （在鲍伯家）5. 由some、any、no、every与one、body 结合的复合不定代词something 、anything等和else 连用时，所有格应加在else的后面。

This is somebody else’s pencil. 这是别人的铅笔。

6. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的名词，也可在词尾加’s 来构成所有格。

an hour’s ride（一个小时的路程）China’s capital （中国的首都）（二）of 所有格1. of 用来表示无生命的名词所有格a map of China（中国地图）the door of the room（房间的门）2. 双重所有格of + 名词所有格He is a friend of my brother’s. 他是我哥哥的朋友。

of + 名词性的物主代词Is she a daughter of yours? 她是你的女儿吗？练习1. Mum, I’m thirsty. Will you please give me some？A. pencilsB. cakeC. waterD. books2.Are there any or in the bag?A. tomatos, photosB. tomatoes, photoesC. tomatoes, photosD. tomatos, photos3.—Forests are very important to us, aren’t they?— Yes. If we have more forests, they will help to keep from running away.A. waterB. leavesC. treesD. grass4.There are about twenty in the room. They are having a party there.A. peopleB. sheepC. workerD. mens5.Liu Xiang, 21, is an Olympic winner in the hurdles. We’re proud of him.A. 110-metreB. 110-metresC. 110 metreD. 110 metres6.is spoken the most widely in the world.A. ChineseB. EnglishC. FrenchD. Russian7.Jack bought a in a shoe shop yesterday.A. pair of shoesB. pairs of shoesC. pair of two shoesD. pair of shoe8.There are few in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.A. meatB. fruitC. vegetablesD. bread9.I have three pen friends. One is , the other two are .A. Japanese, AmericansB. Russian, GermanyC. Canada, AustraliaD.English, Frenchman10.March 8 is Day.A. WomanB. Womans’C. WomenD. Wome n’s11.You may go to the if you want to watch Peking Opera.A. libraryB. supermarketC. theatreD. bookshop12.Twelve were hurt, but no were lost in the accident.A. person, lifeB. people, livesC. peoples, livesD. persons, life13.— Whose dictionaries are these? —They are the .A. twins’B. twinC. twinsD. twin’14.Will you make with Tom?A. a friendB. friendC. the friendD. friends15.Do you know my uncle is ?A. a worker and writerB. a worker and a writerC. worker and writerD. worker and a writer16.My school is about twenty walk from here.A. minuteB. minutes’C. minute’sD. minutes17.Ms. Jenny gave us on how to learn English well.A. some adviceB. many adviceC. some advicesD. an advice18.The whole trip cost about three thousand dollars.A. the SmithB. the SmithsC. SmithsD. the Smith’s19.Tom’s handwriting is better than any other in his class.A. studentsB. studentC. student’sD. students’20.— Does Lucy like Chinese ? —Yes, she does.A. foodB. foodsC. any foodD. some food21.Mrs. Green is mother.A. Mary and KateB. Mary’s and Kate’sC. Mary’s and KateD. Mary and Kate’s22.The of an air ticket from Dalian to Guangzhou is about 1800 Yuan.A. priceB. moneyC. payD. use23.My mother bought for me yesterday.A. a pair of glassesB. a pair of glassC. glassesD. a glass24.—It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.—But I think we should let ___ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and children25.Miss Smith is a friend of .A. Mary’s mother’sB. Mary’s motherC. MaryD. Mary mother第二节代词及代词专项练习一、代词的定义代词是代替名词、形容词或数词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。

二、人称代词和物主代词（一）人称代词1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.He teaches us Chinese. 他教我们汉语。

2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:单数:二,三,一（You, she and I）；复数:一,二,三。

注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先。

She and I have been to Beijing. 她和我去过北京。