智能压力传感器外文翻译文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)译文：基于C8051F350的智能压力传感器的设计摘要为了克服传统的压力传感器的缺陷。

设计一种智能压力传感器，根据组合物的应用范围的智能传感器系统中，进行温度校正，充分考虑共同的组件之间的连接参数协调，我们选择了一个良好的可用性、高可靠性和低成本元件，80C51单片机进行控制和处理，对于整个测量系统组成而言，该系统具有自动测量、放大、A / D转换的温度和压力参数、微弱信号的锁定放大、相敏检波（PSD）、共模信号抑制、采集到的信号消噪处理、交叉敏感的脱钩的功能，并能够将结果显示，它还具有自动自检、温度补偿和上侧的通信和其它功能。

关键词：压力传感器，锁-放大器;80C51F350的单片机硬件电路手稿编号:1674-8042（2011）02-0157-04DIO：10.3969/j.issn.1674-8042.2011.02.141 引言随着时代的发展，电子计算机，自动化生产，调制解调器信息，军工，交通运输，化工，环保，能源，海洋开发，遥感，空间科学与技术，传感器的需求越来越大的发展，其应用已渗透进入该地区国民经济各个部门和人们的日常的日常文化生活。

可以说，从太空到海洋，从各种复杂的工程系统的基本日常生活的必需品不能分开从各种传感器，传感器技术，为国民经济的日益发展，起着巨大的作用。

然而。

目前市场上销售的智能传感器有许多不足之处，如单天资讯指标和质量参差不齐。

这样的设计总结了上述缺陷，以往的经验的基础上，使用锁相放大器，相敏检波，并巧妙地解决了有用信号从噪声中提取的低缺陷和问题的去耦的交叉灵敏度和使用的技术双电源供应电力，以及提高系统性能，增加新的故障诊断和使用一个共同的数字的接口技术和国际市场的通信协议等。

因此，有非常广阔的应用前景。

2 系统硬件设计智能传感器的传感器_信息的检测和处理。

智能传感器包括收集，处理，交流信息的功能。

它是集成传感器和微处理器的产品的组合。

智能压力传感器的组合物，如图2.1所示。

图2.1 基于CS051F350的智能压力传感器框图 设计主要是提供了一个稳定的电源电压，结合单片机通过外围电路设计。

然后，单RS485通信接口 电源 单片机（C8051F350） 温度传感器 锁定增强压力传感器 传感器校正片机提供标准当前进信号进行调制并作为电压信号发送给压力传感器。

压力传感器电压信号通过ADC转换成可接受的信号。

然后，通过单芯片编程的信号处理，本设计采用DS18B20采集现场实时温度实时校对的压力。

在相同的时间。

单芯片满足通过RS485接口与上位机的通信。

温度补偿算法需要在所有的数据需要在实验室中获得。

该设计包括5080C51F350微控制器，放大器OP07，RS485通讯接口，压力传感器，温度传感器DS18B20，高速ADC AD620，三端电源稳压器LM317，LM37和各自的周边电路。

该设计采用C8051F350作为微处理器。

它具有以下特点：1）高速，流水线结构的8051兼容微控制器核心（T050 MIPS）;2）在系统，满足高速，非侵入式调试接口（片）;3）24位或16位的单端ADC，带模拟多路;4）两个8位电流输出DA;5）8 KB片上皮疹内存;6）768字节片上RAM;7）在芯片上电复位，VDD监视器和温度传感器;8）片上电压比较器。

C8051F350包括一个全差分，24位Σ-Δ模拟甸子地转换（ADC）芯片上的校准能力。

它具有1千赫的吞吐量，可以被编程为两个独立的抽取滤波器，一个内部参考用或比例测量，它使用内部参考电压的设计，可用于差分外部参考。

可编程增益放大器（PGA）也被包括在内，与八个增益设置高达至128倍增益，增益范围完全符合的设计的要求。

可以用来在把缓冲区芯片上的敏感的传感器，用于直接连接，以提供高的输入阻抗。

一个8位的偏移DAC允许修正较大的输入偏移电压。

考虑到设计测量智能压力，传感器用于工业环境。

但是拿起弱信号，C8051F350包含24位Σ-Δ型A / D转换器（ADC），具有精度高，分辨率高的优势。

它可以更好地测量微弱的信号。

此外，8KB的FLASH MEM0F C8051F350是用来存储程序代码和非易失性数据。

它采用MOVX指令读取数据和读取数据MOVC指令。

它使得系统不需要额外的非易失性MEM。

因此，该系统简化了硬件设计，降低成本。

我们可以从图中看到，单芯片能够获得稳定可靠的电压（LM317、LM37和2 V的稳压管），通过三端电压调节器调节外部电压调节器。

通过LM317外部的DC电压24 V，5 V电压需要通过SP485芯片转换。

3 V电压的MCU，实现了由2 V稳压LM337。

LM317输出电压U317和LM337输出电压U337公式为：因为I Adj小于100/uA的，在大多数情况下，我们可以忽视。

在图2中10uF的钽电解电容和0.1uF陶瓷电容三端稳压器的输入端，分别用来过滤掉低频和高频干扰。

为了防止电源插头接线错误地破坏内部电路，二极管1N1418被放置在24 V DC电源负输出。

为了避免高频数字信号影响的模拟电路，模拟电源和数字电源单独提供。

一个100uF的电感在电源电路设计，模拟电源和数字电源以避免串扰悫他们分开。

C8051F350器件包括两个8位数字—模拟转换器（IDAC）电流模式IDAC的最大输出电流可以调整为四种不同的设置：0.25毫安，0.5毫安，1 mA时，和2毫安。

输出电流被设置为0.25 mA. 然后OP07放大器将其转换成电压信号，电压信号，压力传感器。

弱信号测量由压力传感器和AD620放大处理由单芯片提供电源。

AD620其为40ppm最大非线性的高精确度，低失调电压50uV最大偏移漂移0.6Uv/℃最大，精密数据采集系统中使用的理想选择。

此外，低噪声，低输入偏置电流。

AD620的低功耗使其非常适合用于医疗的应用程序。

这使得它非常适合处理微弱信号。

DS18B20的是用来测量环境温度。

DS18B20具有以下特征：1）独特的单线接口只需要一个端口用于数据通信;2）无需外部元件;3）可从数据线供电;4）零待机电源等信息被发送到/从DS18B20超过单线接口。

使一根导线从一个中央微处理器需要连接到DS18B20。

DS18B20的力量是由外部5 V电源供应。

如图2.2所示。

C8051F350的P0.7脚连接DS18B20的DQ引脚。

在单总线办法。

DS18B20数字输入和输出引脚是开漏状态和总线需要添加一个4.7K的上拉电阻的。

此外，在设计中的RS485通信完成。

它具有以下特点：1）允许超过400个收发器的传输线;2）高接收器输入阻抗（R IN=150kΩ典型值）;3）半的双工配置与工业标准引脚排列一致;4）-7 V到+12 V的共模输入电压范围;5）低功耗（250兆瓦）;6）独立的驱动器和接收使能。

RS485支持许多通用操作系统，所以很容易实现不同的网络之间的通信。

图2.2 基于C8051F350的智能压力传感器的原理3系统软件设计该设计还包含软件程序中，附加各种功能的实现依靠软件来协调。

本设计主要解决的问题如下：1）自整定的压力，在不同的温度;2）实现锁相放大和相敏检测算法;3）为实现特定功能单芯片模块的程序，等等下位机程序主要使用熟悉的C编程语言。

设计过程的设计是为了缓解调试过程分为不同的功能模块。

包括以下几个模块：系统初始化。

更新传感器温度传感器温度更新，更新传感器的供电电压，更新传感器零点漂移值，说明形成从PC通过Modbus协议和形成的任务标志，执行相应的功能代码任务，响应消息发送到PC机，故障诊断，电源管理等图3所示的系统的主程序流程图。

上计算机程序的设计主要是用Visual Basic 语言。

Visual Basic 提供了一个面向对象的可视化编程工具。

开发人员只需要通过“清明上河图”所需的用户界面设计的筛网，这些对象的属性设置，用户界面设计，程序代码不写了很多。

图3.3 系统主程序流程图在Visual Basic 环境下，实现串行通信可以通过MSC 控制完成串行发送和接收数据。

为了实现自动发送，我们用定时器控制的协议和定时器控制在程序运行时是看不见的。

4结果与结论设计推出的智能压力传感器，具有成本低，体积小，精度高，可靠性高，使用简单方便。

它也可以与计算机通信长碗。

因此，它们可以形成更广泛和更先进的控制系统通过测量压力。

经过实验室的测量工作中，我们可以得到如表4.1所示的错误分析表。

有收集压力 从PC 通过Modbus 协议解释形成和实施相应的功能代码任务 响应消息发送到电脑 电源管理 建立10秒和60秒的时钟信号 收集温度 收集电源电压 初始化 开始了这个表，我们可以得出这样的结论，我们可以控制它在一定压力和温度的误差范围在5/1 000。

这是智能压力传感器可以实现精确测量的目的，它符合原设计。

表4.1 实验测量误差分析表标准电压KPa 校准值补偿相对误差绝对误差0.00 0.000 056 0.000 056 8 0.000 113 60.05 0.050 100 4 0.000 100 4 0.000 200 80.10 0.100 230 4 0.000 230 4 0.000 460 80.15 0.150 573 2 0.000 573 2 0.001 146 40.20 0.200 632 1 0.200 632 1 0.001 264 20.25 0.251 255 2 0.001 255 2 0.002 510 4参考文献[1]高金展，2004年“微弱信号检测”锁相放大器，P.154-196，相关指导，第239页275.清华大学出版社，北京.[2]JR曹刘，H.，2002年重装修人工神经网络遍及感觉机械的设计，应用电解容量型压力.自动化系统集成仪器，（8）:14-16.[3]Y.C.Sun，Y.L.Iu，Q.H.Memg，等，2000.提示自动海连欣电动势桥压力传感器零点输出信号电漂移特性.电子交易,11:39-42.[4]A.D.Whalen，1971.在纽约和伦敦：学术出版社的信号检测.[5]J.H.LIU.智能传感器结构等的“西安电子科技大学图书相关，第206-209页.[6]Y.M.Gong，2006。

智能压力传感器数据补偿处理和无线传输.河北科技大学论文.[7]2004年G.Peng W.J.Ni.C语言函数混合编程的相对误差.运河Harbor.sup.11:128-130.[8]M.Zh.Zhou N.Chu，根据能量传播的FELING机数据融合网络的动态状态计算方式的一种控制，2007年。

中国期刊仪器科学，28（1）:172-175.[9]A.D.Adrian K.Rainer，2002.一个简单的基于单片机的数字锁相放大器为低级别的光学信号的检测.第一届IEEE国际电子设计工作坊出发.测试和应用（DEL-TA'02），基督城，Neweal.附：英文原文Design of C8051F350-based Intelligent Pressure SensorLi-na HAN(韩丽娜)，An-li TAO(陶安利)，Shao-gang LI(李绍刚)，Jun-guo LIU(柳军国)，Yun-zhou LI（历运周)，Xiang-zhong LI(李相众) (School of Information Science and Engineering，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qindao 266510，China)AbstractIn order to overcome the deficiencies of traditional pressure sensors． a kind of intelligent pressure sensors with temperature correction is designed．According to the intelligent sensor system of composition and range of applications,with fully taking into account the parameters of the connection between components of co-ordination,we chose a good usability,high reliability and low cost components composed of the entire measurement system,with controlling and dealing with in 80C51 microcontroller,the system had the temperature and pressure parameters with automatic measurement,amplification,A/D conversion,the weak signal locked amplification,as well as Phase Sensitive Detection(PSD), common-mode signal rejection,the collected signal de-noising processing,cross-sensitivity of the decoupling and show the results. It also has a self-test．automatic temperature compensation and on-side munications and other functions．Key words:pressure sensor；Lock-in Amplifier；80C51F350 SCM;hardware circuitry Manuscript Number:1674-8042(2011)02-0157-04dio：10.3969/j．issn．1674-8042.2011.02.141 IntroductionWith the development of the electronic computer, production automation, modem information, military, transportation, chemical, environmental protection, energy, ocean development, remote sensing, space science and technology, the development of the growing demand forsensors, their applications have been infiltrated into the area of the national economy various departments and people s day-to-day cultural life. It can be said that from space to the ocean, from a variety of complex engineering systems to the basic necessities of daily life can not be separated from a variety of sensors, sensor technology plays a huge role for the growing development of the national economy. However. the intelligent sensors selling on the current market have many deficiencies, such as a single informance indicators and variable quality. This design summarized the above deficiencies, on the basis of the previous experience using technology of Lock-in Amplifier and phase-sensitive detection and cleverly solved the useful signal with low defects from noise extracted and the issue of cross-sensitivity of the decoupling and used dual—power supplying for electricity and well improved system performance, ncreasing a new fault diagnosis and using of a common digtal interface technology and intemational communication protocol and so on. Therefore, there are very broad application prospects.2 System hardware designIntelligent sensor is detection and processing of information of the sensor. Intelligent sensors including the function of collection, processing, exchange information. It is the combination of integrated sensors and microprocessor product. The composition of the intelligent pressure sensor is shown in Fig.1.Fig.1 CS051F350-based intelligent pressure sensor block diagramThe design mainly provides a stable power supply voltage to single-chip through the external circuit design. Then the single-chip offer standard current signal. after it is modulated and transmits it to pressure sensor as voltage signal. Pressure sensors translate voltage signal into acceptable signal for single-ship through the ADC. Then the single-chip programmatically deals with the signal. Using DS18B20 collects on-site real-time temperature to proofread the pressure of real-time.At the same time. the single-chip fulfills communication with the host computer through the RS485 interface. All data which required in temperature compensation algorithm need for obtaining in the laboratory.The design includes 80C51F350 microcontroller, amplifier OP07,communication interface RS485,pressure sensors, temperature sensors DS18B20,high-speed ADC AD620, hree-terminal power regulators LM317,LM37 and their respective peripheral circuits.The design used C8051F350 as microprocessor. It has the following characteristics:1)High-speed pipelined 8051 compatible microcontroller core(up t0 50 MIPS)；2)In-system, ful-speed, non-intrusive debug interface(on-chip)；3)24 or 16 bit single-ended/differential ADC with analog multiplexer；4)Two 8 bit Current Output DA ；5)8 kB of on-chip Rash memory；6)768 bytes of on-chip RAM；7)On-chip power-on reset, VDD monitor, and temperature sensor；8)On-chip voltage comparator.The C8051F350 include a fully-differential,24 bit Sigma-Delta Analog to Di tal Converter(ADC)with on-chip calibration capability. Two separate decimation filters can be programmed for throughputs of up to 1 kHz. An internal reference is available, or a differential external reference can be used for ratio metric measurements, which used in the design of an internal voltage reference. A Programmable Gain Amplifier(PGA)is included, with eight gain settings up to 128x,gain range which fully accord with the design requirements. The on-chip in put buffers can be used to provide a high input impedance for direct connection to sensitive transducers. An 8 bit offset DAC allows for correction of largeinput offset voltages. Taking into account the design of intelligent pressure. sensors is used to pick up weak signal in the industrial environment.However,C8051F350 contains 24 bit Sigma-Delta A/D converter(ADC)which has the advantages of high accuracy, high resolution. And it can be better to measure the weak signals. In addition. 8KB of FLASH MEM 0f C8051F350 is used to store program codes and non-volatile data. It uses MOVX instruction read-in data and reads data with MOVC instruction. It makes the system do not need extra nonvolatile MEM. Thus the system simplifies the hardware design and reduces the cost.We can see from Fig.2,the single-chip can gain a stable and reliable voltage through three-terminal voltage(LM317, LM37 and 2 V stabilovolt)regulator adjusting to external voltage regulator. Through LM317 external DC voltage 24 V was converted 5 V voltage which required by SP485 chip. 3 V voltage of MCU was realized by 2 V stabilivolt and the LM337. LM317 output voltage U317 and LM337 output voltage U337 which formula wereBecause I Adj less than 100/uA, we neglect it in most cases. In the Fig.2. near input terminal of the three-terminal regulator,10uF tantalum ELECTRO and 0.1uF ceramic CAP are used respectively to filter out low-frequency and high-frequency interference. To prevent the power plug is wired mistakenly to destroy internal circuit, a diode 1N1418 is placed in 24 V DC power negative output. In order to avoid the high-frequency digital signal impacting analog circuit, analog power and digital power are supplied separately. In power-circuit design, a 100uF INDUCTOR separates analog power and digital power to avoid crosstalk between them.The C8051F350 devices include two 8 bit current modes Digital-to-Analog Converters(IDAC).The maximum current output of the IDAC can be adjusted for four different current settings：0.25 mA,0.5mA,1 mA, and 2 mA.The output current is set to 0.25 mA. Then OP07 amplifier convert it into voltage signal.The voltage signal provides power for pressure sensors. The weak signal which was measured by pressure sensors and amplified by AD620 is treated by the single-chip. The AD620.with its high accuracy of 40 ppm maximum nonlinearity, low offset voltage of 50uV max and offset drift of 0.6Uv/℃max, is ideal for use in precision data acquisition systems. Furthermore, the low noise, low input bias current. and low power of the AD620 make it well suited for medicalapplications. which make it very suitable for dealing with weak signals.DS18B20 was used to measure ambient temperature. DS18B20 have the following characteristics：1)Unique 1-Wire interface requires only one port pin for communication；2)Requires no external components；3)Can be powered from data line；4)Zero standby power required, etc. Information is sent to/from the DS18B20 over a 1-wire interface. so that only one wire needs to be connected from a central microprocessor to a DS18B20.The power of DS18B20 is supplied by external 5 V power. as shown in Fig.2. Pin P0.7 of C8051F350 connects with the pin DQ of DS18B20. in single bus way. DS18B20 digital input and output pins are open-drain state and the bus need to add a 4.7K pull—up resistor.In addition,the communication is completed by the RS485 in the design. It has the following characteristics：Fig.2 C8051F350-based intelligent pressure sensor schematic1)Allows over 400 transceivers on a transmission line；2)High impedance on receiver inputs(RIN=150 kΩtypical)；3)Half-Duplex configuration consistant with industry standard pinout；4)-7 V to+12 V common mode input voltage range；5)Low Power Consumption(250 mW)；6)Separate driver and receiver enable. The RS485 supports for many common operating system, so it is easy to realize the communication between different networks.3 System software designThe design also includes the software program, the realization of various functions rely ons software to coordinate. This design mainly solve the problem as follows：1)The pressure of self-tuning at different tempera tures；2)Realize lock-in amplify and phase-sensitive detection algorithm；3)Procedures for specific functions of single-chip module；etc.The design of the lower computer program mainly used the familiar C programming language. The design process is divided into different functional modules in order to ease the debugging process. Include the following modules：system initialization. update sensor temperature, update sensor temperature, update sensor supply voltage, update sensor zero drift value, explain the formation from PC by the Modbus protocol and form the task flag, perform the appropriate function code task, send response messages to PC, fault diagnosis, power management, etc. Flow chart of system main program shown in Fig.3Fig.3 Flow chart of system main programThe design of the upper computer program mainly used the Visual Basic language. Visual Basic provides an object-oriented visual programming tool. Developers only need to design the screen by “painting”the required user interface, and set the properties of these objects, do not write a lot of program code for the user interface design.In Visual Basic environment, the serial communication was implemented through MSC control which canfinish sending and receiving data in serial. In order to realize automatic sending. we used timer control the Mscomm and Timer control are invisible when the program is running.4 Results and conclusionThe design introduced the intelligent pressure sensors with low-cost, small size, high accuracy, high reliability and easy and convenient to use. And it also can communicate at long bowls with computer. So they can form a wider range and nlore advanced system controlled by measuring pressure. After laboratory measurements wecan get as shown in Tab.1 the error analysis table. With this table we can draw theconclusion that we could control it with in 5/1 000 In a certain pressure and temperature range of error. That is the smart pressure sensor can achieve the purpose of accurate measurement in line with the original design.Tab.1 Experimental measurement error analysis tableFrom：Jin-zhan Gao,2004.“Detection of Weak Signals” Lock-in Amplifier, P.154-196,Correlationdetection, P.239-275. Tsinghua University Press, Beijing.谢谢下载，祝您生活愉快！。