Leonard Shatzkin, In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book
Crisis (Boston: Houghton, 1982), 45.
Shatzkin, 45.
后续引用中的 一人多著作
When more than one work by an author is cited, each subsequent reference must include not only the name of the author, but also the title of the article or book (shortened
motive as we know it is only as old as ‘modern
man. ’”
×
“The profit motive as we know it is only as old as ‘modern man,’” according to Robert Heilbroner.1
complete name of the author
title of the book
Leonard Shatzkin, In Cold Type: Overcoming the Book
Crisis (Boston: Houghton, 1982), 45.
date of publication city and state of publication
The following examples demonstrate correct and incorrect placement of superscript numbers.
Robert Heilbroner explains that “the profit
motive as we know it is only as old as ‘modern
√
“ The profit motive as we know it is only as old as ‘modern man’”:1 ancient civilizations would have found this principle alien.
√
Both footnotes and endnotes are usually numbered consecutively within a chapter, starting with number one in each new chapter. Some institutions, however, recommend numbering notes throughout the entire thesis.
Chicago Manual Style
芝加哥论文格式
总体介绍
• 论文格式的三大流行范式，关于英文学界论文 的格式，目前被国际学术界广泛接受的主要有 三种：
• 芝加哥论文格式（Chicago Manual Style， CMS）
• 美国心理学会论文格式（American Psychological Association，APA）
edition (other than first)
number of volumes or the individual volume number
series and number
city and state of publication; publisher
date of publication page number (s)
When they appear at the bottom of the page
The notes
When they are collected in a section at the end of each chapter or at the end of the entire paper
footnotes endnotes
The first time you cite a source in the notes, give a complete entry in the correct format for the bibliographical style you are using throughout the paper.
of Chicago Manual format.
Footnotes and Endnotes 脚注和尾注
The citation of a source in the note-bibliography system is indicated in the text with a superscript (raised) number, which refers to a note providing information about the source.
A complete entry includes the following information (if applicable):
For a article in a periodical
complete name of the author (if provided)
title of the article
Because types of sources are proliferating rapidly, you may use one that is not mentioned here. In this case, you should look at the closest alternative and construct your own entry according to the basic principles
This section provides note forms for a wide range of sources,
from books and articles to electronic media, based on The Chicago Manual of Style,15th edition,2003.
page number (s)
A: Virtual Worlds: A Journey in Hype and Hyperreality B: (Cambridge: Blackwell,1992),
C： 100.
D: Benjamin Woolley,
First Reference and Subsequent Reference 首次引用和后续引用
name of the periodical
date
page number (s)
number of the issue
Subsequent Reference 后续引用
After the first complete reference note, use a shortened format for subsequent references to the same work.
A complete entry includes the following information (if applicable):
For a book
complete name of the author
title of the book name of the editor, compiler, or translator
Designation of Notes in the Text
A note is indicated in the text by a raised arabic numeral. The superscript number should be raise one-half space (not a full space) above the line and should be placed directly after the material (without a space) to which the note refers. The best placement of the number is at the end of a sentence. The number follows all punctuation except the dash, and it should not be italicized, circled, or followed by a period.
In most cases, the last name of the author and the page number serve to identify the work.
Subsequent reference notes should provide ugh information to allow the reader to locate the original note or the bibliography entry, but they should be no longer than necessary.
when the title is long).
man.1’”
×
Robert Heilbroner explains that “the profit
motive as we know it is only as old as ‘modern
man.’”1
√
Robert Heilbroner1 explains that “the profit
• 现代语言学会论文格式（Modern Language Association，MLA）
历史渊源
• CMS论文格式源于芝加哥大学出版社在1906 年出版的Manual Style，经过100多年的增补、 修订、CMS确立了学术论文写作格式的权威 地位。