短链 IV低, 链滑动性高,
机械强度低
长链 IV高, 链滑动性差,
机械强度高
TRAINห้องสมุดไป่ตู้NG
2 PET: 链长度 (2)
PET 可有两种状态存在: (fiber)纤维等级和瓶子等级
聚合体: 热塑性和热硬化性(2)
网状连接聚合体
链间相互之间不能滑动 因为它们之间有非常坚固的化学连接
热硬化性 通过加热或其它处理(化学, 光学…) 不能通过加热软化, 不可熔融和溶解
聚合体举例:
Epoxy resin环氧树脂 , silicon resin硅有机树 脂…
典型工艺: 铸造, 注射, 挤出, 压缩 (聚合作用在 成型后发生…)
Monomer “A” Monomer “B”
Alternated A blocchi Random Graft
TRAINING
2 PET: 链长度 (1)
The polymer mechanical behaviour depends on the chains average lenght.聚合体的机械特性由链平均长度决定
链越长则链与链之间的可滑动量越小
IV = Intrinsic Viscosity固有粘度
Quantity proportionalto chains length. It’s the measure of the mobility of the polymer chains.
链长度所占比例 反映了聚合物的滑动性能
是由Purified Terephthalic Acid纯对苯二酸 (PTA) 和Ethylene Glycol 乙烯乙二醇(EG)两种原料化合形
成的聚脂, 这两种石油加工物在反应器内形成聚脂
“POLYESTER”聚脂
• POLY = MANY许多 • ESTER = joining of an ACID and a GLYCOL酸和乙二醇的连接物
CH2 = CH2 Ethylene乙烯基
Polymer聚合体
( )n
n >100
-CH2- CH2- -CH2- CH2- -CH2- CH2- -CH2- CH2-
Polyethylene 聚乙烯
TRAINING
1 PET的原料和制造
PET (PolyEthylene Terephthalate聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯),
a high molecular mass substance characterized by the repetition of one or more types of monomeric units由一种或多种单体副本组合而成的高分子化合物
Polymerization聚合
Monomer单体
例如:
直线状和树枝状连接聚合体
链间相互之间可以滑动
热塑性 加热变软,冷却变硬,在软化状态(温度高于Tg )通过吹制成型
聚合体举例: PE, PP, PET, Nylon, PVC, PC…
典型工艺: 挤压, 注塑, 吹制...
TRAINING
1 Polymers: thermoplastic & thermosetting (2)
Monomer “A” Monomer “B”
Omopolimer “A” Copolimer “A+B”
TRAINING
2 Polymers: omopolymers and copolymers (2)
The order and distribution of the ‘B’ monomers in the chain change the material behaviour.
EG PTA
EG PTA
EG PTA
EG PTA
EG PTA
TRAINING
1 Polymers聚合体: 结构
The chain structure depending from the monomer
链结构由单体的泛函性组成决定
functionality (2 or 3)
直线状(PET, HDPE)
TRAINING
2 Polymers: omopolymers and copolymers (1)
Omopolymer: polymer where all the repetitive units are of the same kind
Copolymer: polymer where the repetitive units are of two different kinds. In many cases, a small quantity (24%) of different moleculas (i.e. isophtalic acid) are added to ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid in order to improve processability of the resin.
Monomer单体
网状 (PU)
树枝状(LDPE)
F 平均泛函性: F = 2 线性 F > 2.8 网状 2 < F < 2.8 树枝状
TRAINING
1 Polymers:thermoplastic&thermosetting (1) 聚合体: 热塑性和热硬化性(1)
链结构如何能影响材料性质?
TRAINING
1 Polymers聚合体: definition定义
Monomer单体:
Polymer chains聚合体链:
a simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers 分子组合在一起可形成
聚合体的一种简单化合物
STRETCH & BLOW MOULDING拉伸吹制
1. THEORETICAL PART原理部分
TRAINING
Table of contents内容总揽
1 Thermoplastic polymers聚合体的热塑性 2 General characteristics of PET一般特性 3 SBM process explanation拉伸吹制过程解释 4 Heating and conditioning process加热调整过程 5 Stretch/blowing process拉伸吹制过程