2019届高三英语精准培优专练三：虚拟语气（解析版）一、真题在线1.（2018·北京卷·单项选择）They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven 【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
2.（2017·北京卷·单项选择）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.A. had been putB. were putC. should be putD. would be put 【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
3.（2018·天津卷·单项选择）If we _______the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach.A. had caughtB. caughtC. have caughtD. would catch 【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主句表示与现在事实相反，从句表示与过去事实相反。
故从句用过去完成时。
4. （2018·天津卷·单项选择）—Do you have Betty’s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.A. hadn’t beenB. wouldn’t have beenC. weren’tD. wouldn’t be 【答案】B【解析】由yesterday可知，与过去事实相反，otherwise相当于if I hadn’t had Betty’s number，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语动词用wouldn’t have done。
5. (2015·重庆卷·单项选择)Without his wartime experiences, Hemingway ______ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A. didn’t writeB. hadn’t writtenC. wouldn’t writeD. wouldn’t have【答案】D【解析】Without his wartime experiences是个含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，其后的句子相当于主句，谓语动词用wouldn’t have done。
6. (2015·安徽卷·单项选择) It is lucky we booked a room, or we ______ nowhere to stay now.A. hadB. had hadC. would haveD. would have had【答案】C【解析】or暗含虚拟条件，相当于if we didn’t book a room，其后的句子相当于主句，由时间状语now可知，与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用would do。
7. (2018·江苏卷·单项选择)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I _____ a second chance to become more involved.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. have had 【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，这里表示将来的愿望，谓语动词用一般过去时。
8. (2018·江苏卷·单项选择) It’s strange that he _______ have taken the books without the owner’s permission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might 【答案】B【解析】在“It is/was +形容词+that从句”中，that从句用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟。
这里表示“竟然”，should不能省略。
二、对点专练一、单项选择1. Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be comple ted and I wish they ______ always late.A. weren’tB. hadn’t beenC. wouldn’t beD. wouldn’t【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，这里表示现在的情况。
wish后的宾语从句用一般现在时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反，故选A。
2. Teachers recommend parents ____ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.A. not allowB. do not allowC. mustn’t allowD. couldn’t allow【答案】A【解析】句意：为了安全，老师建议家长不要让不满12岁的孩子骑自行车上学。
recommend 表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。
用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。
3. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but I’d rather he _______ more on its culture.A. focusB. focusedC. would focusD. had focused【答案】B【解析】would rather后面的从句要用虚拟语气。
表示现在或将来的动作，用一般过去时；表示过去的动作，用过去完成时。
4. I ______ through that bitter period without your generous help.A. couldn’t have goneB. didn’t goC. wouldn’t goD. hadn’t gone【答案】A【解析】由句意“没有你的慷慨相助，我不可能熬过那段艰苦岁月。
”可知，该句表示与过去事实相反，故选A。
without your generous help相当于一个条件状语从句if it had not been for your generous help。
5. Maybe if I ______ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you some help.A. studiedB. would studyC. had studiedD. was studying【答案】C【解析】这是一个交错条件句。
主句表示与现在事实相反，由从句中的时间状语then可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。
6. — The weather has been very hot and dry.— Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables______.A. wouldn’t dieB. didn’t dieC. hadn’t diedD. wouldn’t have died【答案】D【解析】从句用过去完成时，表示与过去事实相反，主句有时间状语now，表示与现在事实相反，考生很容易受此影响而误选A。
后面句子的意思是“我的菜也不会死了”，说明菜已死，所以这里表示的是与过去事实相反。
7. They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation, or they_____ to our help.A. would have comeB. could comeC. have comeD. had come 【答案】A【解析】or暗含虚拟条件，其后的句子相当于主句，由语境可知，与过去事实相反，故谓语动词用would have done。
8. My mom suggests that we _____ eat out for a change this weekend.A. shouldB. mightC. couldD. would 【答案】A【解析】suggest表示“建议”时，后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。
用“should+动词原形”。
9. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _____ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.A. have hadB. had hadC. haveD. had【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与现在事实相反，故从句用一般过去时。
10. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ______.A. hadn’tB. haven'tC. didn'tD. don't 【答案】A【解析】由语境可知，主、从句都表示与过去事实相反，故从句用过去完成时。
Hadn’t是hadn’t taken的省略。
11. I wish I ______ at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a bus iness trip in New York then.A. will beB. would beC. have beenD. had been 【答案】D【解析】由语境可知，这里表示对过去的愿望。
wish后的宾语从句用一般现在时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反，故选D。
二、单句语法填空1. It is important that we_________(study)hard to succeed.【答案】(should)study【解析】考查主语从句中的虚拟语气，it is important that从句，从句中用(should)+动词原形,所以答案填should study，should可以省略。