高一英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解Nothing good generally comes of a conversation that start with the words, "I think you should probably sit down before I tell you this.”And so it came to pass. Away for Christmas, we got a call from kind friends at home, our neighbour's house had caught fire while they were out. The fire didn't spread to our house but the smoke very much did.It's weeks of either throwing out, or sending away for specialist cleaning, every single thing into which smoke could have permeated(渗透)because the particles(微粒) are an ongoing health risk and washing isn't enough. Anything soft—sofas and carpets and children's teddy bears, clothes—is suspected. We will be seeing in the New Year in a decidedly minimalist fashion.What I didn't expect to feel, however, is this lucky. Friends and neighbours have come together with incredible generosity. We will never again underestimate the closeness of the village community in which we live, or the innate kindness that is most people's natural reaction to trouble, and are grateful to be reminded of so much that is good. But that's not the only thing I've learned. For in a sense, we have a chance to start again.The surprise on being forced to think about what might urgently need replacing is how short the list of essentials seems; how much we must have been hanging on to out of habit, and how much we have been conditioned to think was important.It's all too easily assumed that family history lives in tangible(有形的)things— old photographs, a dress bought decades ago for a night heavy with memories — but that's not quite right. These things were only reminders of what we already carry with us in head and heart.Walking through the house, sweeping up the broken glass, I realised that the answer to the old question of "What would you save in a fire? " is actually that nothing really matters but each other.（1）What happened to the author's house?A.It caught a fire.B.It was affected by a fire.C.It was broken into by friends.D.Its windows were broken.（2）What does the underlined word "suspected" in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.something that may be damaged.B.something that may not be genuine.C.something that may not be so good.D.something that may be dangerous.（3）What did the author expect to feel?A.People around him were cold to others' trouble.B.His friends and neighbours were so generous.C.People in his community were close to each other.D.He was so lucky to find much that was good.（4）How will the author probably feel when the New Year finally comes?A.Worried.B.Surprised.C.Excited.D.Contented.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩。
作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“our neighbour's house had caught fire while they were out. The fire didn't spread to our house but the smoke very much did.”；第三段中的“every single thing into which smoke could have permeated”可知邻居家在外出时着火了，虽然火没有蔓延到作者家，但烟殃及了房子，作者家的房子受到了影响。
故选B。
（2）考查词义猜测。
根据第三段中的“every single thing into which smoke could have permeated(渗透)because the particles(微粒) are an ongoing health risk and washing isn't enough.”可知每件被烟雾渗透的物品都要专门清洗或扔掉，因为那些微粒威胁健康，有的仅清洗是不行的。
此句涉及的那些柔软的东西被认为可能是被污染损害的东西，suspected 指的就是这些东西。
故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“What I didn't expect to feel, however, is this lucky.”作者没想到的是自己家很幸运，下文提到朋友们和邻居们都提供了帮助，作者从中感受到了他们的善良。
由此推知作者原来认为的是人们会对别人家的困难很冷漠，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“We will be seeing in the New Year in a decidedly minimalist fashion.”可知作者家房子受到火灾影响，物品受损，一切都需要清理，作者认为即将到来的新年肯定是简约的。
但朋友们和邻居们提供的帮助，让作者感受到了他们的善良，对他们感恩；再根据最后一段中的“I realised that the answer to the old question of ‘What would you save in a f ire? ’ is actually that nothing really matters but each other.”作者感受到拥有彼此才是最重要的。
这些说明作者是满足的，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解Some of the best research on daily experience is rooted in rates of positive and negative interactions, which has proved that being blindly positive or negative can cause others to be frustrated or annoyed or to simply tune out.Over the last two decades, scientists have made remarkable predictions simply by watching people interact with one another and then scoring the conversations based on the rate ofpositive and negative interactions. Researchers have used the findings to predict everything from the likelihood that a couple will divorce to the chances of a work team with high customer satisfaction and productivity levels.More recent research helps explain why these brief exchanges matter so much. When you experience negative emotions as a result of criticism or rejection, for example, your body produces higher levels of the stress hormone, which shuts down much of your thinking and activates (激活) conflict and defense mechanisms (机制). You assume that situations are worse than they actually are.When you experience a positive interaction, it activates a very different response. Positive exchanges increase your body's production of oxytocin, a feel-good that increases your ability to communicate with, cooperate with and trust others. But the effects of a positive occurrence are less dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative one.We need at least three to five positive interactions to outweigh every one negative exchange. Bad moments simply outweigh good ones. Whether you're having a conversation, keep this simple short cut in mind: At least 80 percent of your conversations should be focused on what's going right.Workplaces, for example, often see this. During performance reviews, managers routinely spend 80 percent of their time on weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend roughly 20 percent of the time on strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have discussions with a person or group, spend the vast majority of the time talking about what is working, and use the remaining time to address weaknesses.（1）The underlined phrase “tune out” in Paragraph 1 probably meansA. stop listeningB. change one's mindC. sing aloudD. be crazy（2）What will happen if you experience negative emotions?A. The situations are sure to become worse.B. Much of your thinking will be prevented.C. You will feel an urge to improve and become better.D. You'll be motivated to resolve conflicts with people.（3）From Paragraph 4, we can learn thatA. we need a positive feeling to beat one negative feelingB. positive interactions have greater effects than negative onesC. our conversation should center on what needs improvementD. the effect of negative feelings lasts longer than that of positive ones（4）What is the best title for the passage?A. Harmful NegativesB. More Positive InteractionsC. How to Be a Productive ManagerD. Less Time on Strengths and Positive Aspects 【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。