专题一中国节日及相关表达1.春节the Spring Festival / Chinese lunar Near Year农历正月初一the first day of the first lunar month农历lunar calendar年终大扫除year-end household cleaning春联Spring Festival couplets 年画New Year pictures 剪纸paper-cuts 团圆饭family reunion dinner饺子dumplings春晚Spring Festival Gala守岁stay up late on the New Year’s Eve除夕Eve of Chinese New Year辞旧迎新ring out the old year and ring in the new 拜年pay a New Year visit红包red packets压岁钱lucky money放爆竹let off firecrackers庙会temple fair禁忌taboo2.元宵节Lantern Festival农历正月十五15th day of the first lunar month元宵rice dumplings花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle灯会exhibit of lanterns烟花fireworks3.端午节Dragon Boat Festival农历五月初五5th of the fifth lunar month 粽子traditional Chinese rice-pudding糯米sticky rice粽叶bamboo leaves舞龙dragon dance 舞狮lion dance踩高跷stilt walking赛龙舟dragon-boat racing 纪念in memory of 屈原Qu Yuan诗人poet 忠臣loyal minister4.清明节Tomb-sweeping Day寒食节Cold Food Festival祭拜祖先offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors 踏青go for a spring outing 5.中秋节Mid-Autumn Day / Moon Festival农历八月十五15th of the eighth lunar month 月饼moon cake 赏月appreciate the glorious full moon中国神话故事Chinese mythology嫦娥the goddess of the moon后羿Houyi长生不老be immortal6.重阳节Double Ninth Day赏菊admire the beauty of chrysanthemum 登高climb a height7.七夕节Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentine's Day银河the Milky Way鹊桥bridge of magpies牛郎Cowherd织女the Weaving Maid王母娘娘the Queen of Heaven 乞巧praying-for-cleverness女红needlework专题二中国文化及相关表达1. 中国文化四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass文房四宝”Four Treasures of the Study笔writing brush墨ink stick纸paper砚ink slab书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting 雕刻sculpture泥人clay figure武术martial arts京剧Peking opera昆曲Kunqu opera相声cross talk中药traditional Chinese medicine中国结Chinese knot唐装Tang suit四合院courtyard house红茶black tea绿茶green tea火锅hot pot2.中国文学四大名著four major classical novels《三国演义》The Romance of Three Kingdoms《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Outlaw of the Marshes《西游记》Journey to the West四书The Four Books《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius五经The Five Classics 《诗经》The Book of Songs《书经》The Book of History 《易经》The Book of Changes 《礼记》the Book of Rite《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals3.中国古代哲学家及相关表达哲学家philosopher孔子Confucius孟子Mencius 老子Lao Tzu 孙子Sun Tzu庄子Chuang Tzu儒学Confucian School孔庙Temple of Confucius《孙子兵法》The Art of War4.中国历史及相关表达封建的feudal朝代dynasty春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period战国时期the Warring States Period隋唐时期the Sui and Tang dynasties明清时期Ming and Qing dynasties秦始皇the First Emperor of Qin君主monarch皇帝emperor皇太后Empress Dowager丞相prime minister 大臣minister忠臣loyal minister 中华文明Chinese civilization丝绸之路the Silk Road西域western countries历史遗迹historical site文化遗产cultural heritage文物cultural relics科举制imperial examination for recruiting civil servants专题三中国社会及相关表达社会篇相关表达改革开放reform and opening up小康社会 a well-to-do society 奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life 人民生活people’s livelihood 生活水平living standards 生活质量quality of life 改善民生improve people’s wellbeing 住房条件housing conditions 生活条件living conditions共同富裕shared prosperity社会稳定social stability衣食住行food, clothing, sheltering and means of traveling 厉行节约practice economy缩小收入差距narrow the income gap人均收入average income per capita文化程度educational level 城镇居民urban citizen失业保障unemployment security人口问题the issue of population全面发展all-round development发达国家developed country发展中国家developing country人口老龄化population aging养老provision for the aged养老保险old-age insurance 社会保险social insurance 计划生育family planning独生子女政策one-child policy城市人口urban population 农业人口agriculture population 普查census 社会事业social programs人才市场talent market 人才交流talent exchange 人才外流brain drain应届高校毕业生new college graduate农民工rural migrant worker公务员civil servant市民citizen名人celebrity残疾人the disabled就业率employment rate 失业率unemployment rate出生率birth rate 死亡率mortality rate寿命life span贫困地区poverty-stricken region 欠发达地区underdeveloped area摆脱贫困shake off poverty生活困难be badly-off用电量electricity consumption森林覆盖率forest coverage产业结构industrial structure创历史新高an all-time high战略性新兴产业strategic emerging industries基础设施infrastructure南水北调South-to-North Water Diversion Project 自然灾害natural disasters本土化localization 体力劳动manual labor可持续发展sustainable development沙尘暴sandstorm 建筑灰尘construction dust 市政府the municipal government 违章建筑unlicensed construction 严厉地处罚impose tough punishments on主要污染源major sources of pollutants建筑灰尘construction dust炫富show off wealth热词hot word/ buzzword品位taste大众传媒mass media专题四中国经济相关表达经济篇相关表达国民生产总值Gross National Product (GNP)国内生产总值Gross Domestic Product (GDP)国有企业state-owned enterprises (SOEs) 社会主义市场经济socialist market economy 市场经济秩序the order of the market economy 扩大内需expand domestic demand 宏观调控macro control 按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance 城乡居民收入income of urban and rural residents 劳动力labor 综合国力overall national strength 公有制public ownership 私有制private ownership 私营企业private business 中小企业small and medium enterprises (SMEs) 跨国公司multinational corporation 网络经济Internet-based economy 经济规律law of economy 大规模生产mass production 生产力productive forces 年均增长率average growth rate per annum 可持续增长sustainable growth 经济效益economic returns 经济增长economic growth 经济波动economic fluctuation 衰退recession 提高经济效益enhance economic performance 扭亏为盈turn a loss-making business into a profitable one 优化经济结构optimize economic structure 经济结构战略性调整strategic adjustment of the economic structure 优化消费结构optimize the consumption structure 产业结构升级upgrading of an industrial structure 产业格局industrial pattern 高新技术产业high and new technology industries 经济特区special economic zones 繁荣与稳定prosperity and stability 经济交流economic exchange 利用外资utilization of foreign capital 投资investment 知识产权intellectual property rights copyright 商标trademark 专利patent 电子商务e-business 循环经济recycling economy 个人所得税personal income tax 税收政策tax policy 试点工程pilot project 经济带economic belts 经济全球化economic globalization 财政和货币政策fiscal and monetary policies专题五中国技相关表达科技篇相关表达科技是第一生产力science and technology constitute a primary productive force 科技体制改革reform of the science and technology management system技术密集产品technology-intensive product科技含量technology content尖端科技state-of-the-art technology研究开发research and development治理污染curb the environmental pollution水循环利用工厂water recycling plant核电站nuclear power plant非化石能源发电量electricity generated from non-fossil energy 新粒子new particleH7N9病毒H7N9 virus应用科学applied science3D打印3D printing人造器官artificial organ顶层设计the top layer design节能减排energy conservation and emission reduction工业升级industrial upgrading结构性障碍structural obstacle资源利用率resource utilization rate高速铁路high-speed rail科学发展观Scientific Outlook on Development科技发展scientific and technological advancement生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture 创新innovation高科技园区high-tech park国家重点实验室national key laboratory研究成果research result新兴学科new branch of science 人工智能artificial intelligence 信息高速公路information superhighway网民netizen网上购物online shopping网上交易平台online trading platform“宽带中国”战略China's broadband strategy产能production capacity神舟十号the Shenzhou-10 spacecraft嫦娥三号The Chang'e-3 lunar lander专题六中国教育相关表达教育篇相关表达素质教育education for all-round development应试教育exam-oriented education填鸭式教学cramming method of learning义务教育compulsory education高等教育higher education普通高校regular institution of higher learning就业服务和职业培训employment services and vocational skills training综合性大学comprehensive university重点大学key university减轻学生负担reduce burden for students应届高校毕业生new college graduates招生办公室admission office入学考试entrance examination高考college entrance examination研究生入学考试postgraduate entrance examination入学资格admission qualification升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade奖学金scholarship学费tuition专业课course within one’s major必修课required course选修课optional course学分制credit system毕业论文graduation thesis毕业证书graduation certificate学生会students’union学历record of formal schooling中小学生primary and secondary school student本科生undergraduate研究生postgraduate同学classmate 教授professor副教授associate professor讲师lecturer助教teaching assistant教育界education circle教育投入input in education学前教育preschool education智力引进introduce talents 课外活动extracurricular activity。