大学英语语法专项练习题及答案·————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：大学英语语法专项练习题及答案一、时态1. By the end of April Peter here for three months.A. will have stayedB. will stayC. staysD. has stayed2. I'm awfully sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply _____ whatI did.A. ought to have doneB. have to doC. had to doD. must do3. We ________our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A. just have hadB. have just hadC. just hadD. had just had4. Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they_______ _ better health.A. could have enjoyedB. had enjo yedC. have been enjoyingD. are enjo ying5. I bought a new house last year, but I ______my old house yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A. did not sellB. have not soldC. had not soldD. do not sell6. I decided to go to the library as soon as I ________.A. finish what I didB. finis hed what I didC. would finish what I was doingD. finished wha t I was doing7. He _________when the bus came to a sudden stop.A. was almost hurtB. was hurt h imselfC. was to hurt himselfD. was hurting himself8. I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time all those o ld houses _______down.A. will have been pulledB. will have pulledC. will be pullingD. will be pulled9. Bob's leg got hurt ________the Purple Mountains.A. while he is climbing upB. while we were climbing upC. while we climbed upD. while he climbed up10. Pick me up at 8 o'clock. I _______ my bath by then.A. may haveB. will be havingC. can have hadD. will have had11. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people________.A. will objectB. objectedC. must objectD. have objected12. By the end of this month, we surely _______ a satisfactory solu tion to the problemA. have foundB. will be findingC. are findingD. will have found13. We __________to start our own business, but we never had enough money.A. have hopeB. hopeC. had hopedD. should hope14. The gray building is where the workers live, and the white one is where the spare parts______A. are producingB. are producedC. producedD. being produced15. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, i t is unlikely that television __________the newspaper completely.A. will replaceB. have replacedC. replace D. replaced16. It's reported that by the end of this month the output of ceme nt in the factory ________by about 10%.A. will have risenB. has risenC. will be risingD. has been rising17. Until then, his family___________ from him for six months.A. didn't hearB. hasn’t been hearingC. has n't heardD. hadn't heard18. The conference________ a full week by the time it ends.A. must have lastedB. will have lastedC. would lastD. has lasted19. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _______today and are bei ng modified by the work of scientists of our time.A. are to challengeB. may be challengedC. have been challengedD. are challenged20. It seems oil _______ from this pipe for some time. We’ll haveto take the machine apart to put it right.A. had leakedB. is leakingC. leakedD. has been leaking21. Once environmental damage ________, it takes many years for thesystem to recover.A. has doneB. is to doC. doesD. is done22. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you ________ _it.A. didn't have to doB. wouldn't hav e doneC. mightn't have doneD. mustn't have do ne23. He came back late, _______ which time all the guests had alread y left.A. afterB. byC. atD. during24. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _______ too longA. has been readingB. had readC. is readingD. read25. The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of tr aining and retraining schemes, ________ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A. have allowedB. allowC. allowingD. allows26. You should have put the milk in the icebox; I expect it ______ _undrinkable by now.A. becameB. had becomeC. has becomeD. becomes27. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventu re as it _______before the West was settled.A. couldB. wouldC. wasD. did28. There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone ________me that evening.A. had interruptedB. would have in terruptedC. to have interruptedD. to interrupt29. It was only after some progress_________ in the use and developm ent of electric current that men began to realize the importance a nd possibilities of magnetism.A. was madeB. would hav e been madeC. has been madeD. had been m ade30. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the ni ght and asked to report what they ________.A. had just been dreamingB. have just been dr eamingC. are just dreamingD. had just dream t二、非谓语动词1. He wore dark glasses to avoid ________.A. having been recognizedB. to be recognizedC. recognizedD. being recognized2. The Viking are believed _______America.A. to have discoveredB. to discoverC. in discoveringD. to have been discovered3. Here we found hale snow, as most of it seemed ________blown offthe mountain.A. to have beenB. to beC. that it wasD. that it had been4. \5. He asked _________since he had been chairman for seven years. DAA \ C BAABAA. not to have been re-electedB. to be not r e-electedC. not to be re-electedD. to have not been re-elected6. We regret ________you that the materials you ordered are out of stock.A. informingB. to informC. having informedD. to have informed7. The dying soldier had the message _______ straight to the command er.A. sentB. to be sentC. be sentD. being sent8. Don't worry, Philip is quite used ________ in such heavy traffic as this.A. to drivingB. to have drivenC. to be drivingD. to drive9. If you want _________ you have to get the fund somewhere.A. that the job is doneB. the job doneC. to have done the jobD. the job that is done10. There is more land in Australia than the government knows________ __.A. what to do withB. how to doC.to do with it D. to do it11. It's no use __________ me not to worry.A. you tellB. your tellingC. for you t o have toldD. having told12. __________such a good chance, he planned to learn more.A. To be givenB. Having been givenC. Having givenD. Giving13. They are considering _________before the prices go up.A. of buying the houseB. with buying the ho useC. buying the houseD. to buy the house14. A Dream of the Red Chamber is said _________into dozens of lang uages in the last decade.A. to have been translatedB. to tra nslateC. to be translatedD. to have been translating15. ___________with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A. When comparedB. CompareC. While comparingD. Comparing16.The manager promised to keep me _________of how our business was going on.A. to be informedB. on informingC. info rmedD. informing17. John regretted ________ to the meeting last week.A. not goingB. not to goC. not having been goingD. not to be going18. Mrs. Brown is supposed ___________for Italy last week.A. to have leftB. to be leavingC. to leaveD. to have been left19. A new technique ________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 per cent.A. working outB. having worke d outC. having been worked outD. to have been wo rked out20. The boy's father bought him a large toy train ________.A. which to play withB. to play with itC. to play withD. at which to play21. There are more than fifty proposals _________ at the conference.A. discussedB. discussingC. to be discussedD. having been discussed22. It was impossible to avoid _________ by the stormy weather.A. to be much affectedB. being much af fectedC. having much affectedD. to have been m uch affected23. _________in England , Anne Bradstreet both admired and imitated s everal English poets.A. Having born and educatedB. Born and educa tedC. Since born and educatedD. To be born and educated24. The new power station is reported _________ within three years.A. to have completedB. to have been completedC. to completeD. having b een completed25. ________neglecting our education, my father sent my brother and me to a summer school.A. To be accused ofB. Accusing ofC. That he was accused ofD. Accused of26. The match was cancelled because most of the members ________a match without a standard court.A. objected to havingB. were object to haveC. objected to haveD. were object t o having27. The teacher doesn't permit ________in class.A. smokeB. to smokeC. smokingD. to have smoke28. I appreciate _______ to your home.A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. hav ing invitedD. being invited29. The speaker, _______ for her splendid speeches, was warmly receiv ed by the audience.A. having knownB. being knownC. knowing D. known30. John often attends public lectures at the University of Oxford, chiefly _______his English.A. to improveB. improvingC. to have improvedD. improved31. Jim is sorry _______ so impolite to your guest last Saturday.A. to beB. having beenC. beingD. to have been32. Building that railway was very difficult and involved ________ten tunnels.A. digB. diggingC. to have dug D. having dig33. Mr. Smith advised us to withdraw_______.A. so that to get not involvedB. so as to get not involvedC. so as not to get involvedD. so that not to get involved34. ________ in a seemingly endless war, the general was forced to evaluate the situation again.A. Since the loss of 50 000 soldiersB. Because of 50 000 soldiers having lostC.50 000 soldiers were lostD. Having lost over 50 000 soldiers35. The minister had his secretaries _______a press conference.A. arrangingB. to arrangeC. arran geD. arranged36. My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ________ f rom you sometime.A. hearingB. to hearC. having heardD. to have heard37. The computer works very fast, __________ data at the speed of l ight.A. handlingB. having handledC. handledD. handles38. After ___________for the job, you will be required to take a la nguage test.A. being interviewedB. interviewedC. interviewingD. having interviewed39. Having no money but ________to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A. not wanting anyoneB. not to want anyoneC. wanted no oneD. to want no one40. Mr. Johnson preferred _________ heavier work to do.A. to be givingB. to have givenC. to be givenD. having given41. I remember _______ to help us if we ever got into troubleA. once offeringB. him once offeringC. him t o offerD. to offer him42. Everyone had an application form in his hand, but no one knewwhich office room________.A. to send it toB. to send itC. to be sent toD. to have it sent43. The speech_________, a lively discussion started.A. being deliveredB. was delivere dC. be deliveredD. having be en delivered44. _________ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degreeA. To becomeB. BecomeC. One becomesD. On becoming45. It is not unusual for workers in that region ________.A. to be paid more than a month lateB. to be paid later than mere a monthC. to pay later than a month moreD. to pay late more than a month46. Michael used to look hurt and surprised when___________.A. scoldingB. to scoldC. having sc oldedD. scolded47. I have no objection _______ the evening with them.A. to spendB. to spendingC. of spendingD. spending48. Realizing that he hadn't enough money and ______to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch.A. not wantedB. not to wantC. not wantingD. wanting not49. I would appreciate __________it a secret.A. you to keepB. your keepingC. that you keepD. that you will keep50. Mark often attempts to escape ________ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been finedB. to have been finedC. being finedD. to be fined51. ________ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much att ention.A. Being publishedB. PublishedC. PublishingD. To be published52. If I had remembered ________ the window, the thief would not ha ve got in.A. to closeB. closingC. to have closed D. having closed53. Don't get your schedule _________, stay with us in this class.A. to changeB. changingC. changedD. change54. ________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.A. Having believedB. BelievingC. BelievedD. Being believed55. Sir Dennis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his col lection__________to the nation.A. has leftB. is to leaveC. leave sD. is to be left56. If I correct someone, I will do it with as much good humor and serf-restraint as if I were the one________.A. to correctB. correctingC. having correctedD. being corrected57. The traditional approach _________with complex problems is to brea k them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.A. to dealingB. in dealingC. dealingD. to deal58. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means______trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made59. After the Arab state won independence, great emphasis was laid o n expanding education with girls as well as boys ___________to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. been encourage dC. being encouragedD. be encouraged60. I'd rather read than watch television; the programs seem ________ __ all the time.A. to get worseB. to be g etting worseC. to have got worseD. getting wo rse61. When I caught him _______me I stopped buying things there and s tarted dealing with another shop.A. cheatingB. cheatC. to cheatD. to be cheating62. Your hair wants__________. You'd better have it done tomorrow.A. cutB. to cutC. cuttingD. being cut63. The man in the comer confessed to_________ a lie to the manager of the company.A. have toldB. be toldC. being toldD. having told64. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used _________ later for his lecture.A. to have studentsB. for students ' beingC. for students to beD. to students ' being65. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that flee, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ________ 50 households or more.A. havingB. to haveC. to have hadD. having had66. People appreciate ___________with him because he has a good sense of humor.A. to workB. to have workedC. workingD. having worked67. They are going to have the serviceman __________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. installB. to installC. to be installedD. installed68. Ann never dreams of _________for her to be sent abroad very soo n.A. there to be a chanceB. there being a chanceC. there be a chanceD. being a cha nce69. All things_________, the planned trip will have to be called off .A. be consideredB. consideredC. consideringD. having considered70. All flights _______ because of the snowstorm, many passengers cou ld do nothing but take the train.A. had been canceledB. have been ca nceledC. were canceledD. having been canceled71. __________ seeing the damage he had done, the child felt ashamed .A. ByB. OnC. AtD. For72. His remarks left me ________about his real purpose.A. wonderedB. wonderC. to wonderD. wondering73. The house was very quiet, ___________as it was on the side ofa mountain.A. isolatedB. isolatingC. being isolatedD. having been is olated74. The project, _________by the end of 2000, will expand the city'stelephone network to cover 1, 000, 000 users.A. accomplishedB. being accomp lishedC. to be accomplishedD. having been accomplished75. I don’t mind _______the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you to delay makingB. your delaying m akingC. your delaying to makeD. you delay to mak e76. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Eur ope until Columbus found it _________in Cuba.A. being cultivatedB. been cultivat edC. having cultivatedD. cultivating77. ________ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing .A. To look atB. Looking atC. looked atD. To be looked at78. I have no objection ________ your story again.A. to hearB. to hearingC. to having heardD. to have heard79. You will see this product ________ wherever you go.A. to be advertisedB. advertisedC. advertiseD. advertising80. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _________ at the next town.A. to stopB. stoppingC. stopD. having stopped81. I'll never forget ________ you for the first time.A. to meetB. meetingC. to have metD. having to be meeting82. That young man still denies ________ the fire behind the store.A. startB. to startC. having startedD. to have started83. The bank is reported in the local newspaper __________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. having been robbedC. to have been robbedD. robbed84. No one had told Smith about ________ a lecture the following da y.A. there beingB. there beC. there would beD. there was85. Life is a candle ________ to burn ever brighter.A. being meantB. meaningC. to meanD. meant86. At last she left her house and got to the airport, only________ the plane flying away.A. having seenB. to have seenC. sawD. to see87. The background music in an assembly line is designed________.A. not being listened toB. being not lis tened toC. not to be listened toD. to be not listened to88. The second book was_________ by August 1952, but two years later , the end was still nowhere in sight.A. completedB. to have comp letedC. to completeD. to have bee n completed89. The police accused him of setting fire to the building but he denied _______in the area on the night of the fire.A. to beB. to have b eenC. having beenD. be90. Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a caus e-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains ______.A. to be shownB. to have sh ownC. to have been shownD. being shown三、从句1. Prisons in some countries are short of staff, _________means eachprison officer is overworked and underpaid.A. whichB. thisC. whatD. it2. He spoke confidently, _______impressed me most.A. so thatB. thatC. itD. which3. He took down a square green bottle, ________ he poured into a dish.A. its contentB. which cont entC. the content of whichD. the content of that4. It wasn't such a good dinner ________ she had promised us.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what5. All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of l ife.A. what is neededB. for our needsC. the thing neededD. that is needed6. The goals ______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed im portant to him.A. after whichB. for whichC. with whichD. at which7. ________ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A. For nowB. Now thatC. Ever sinceD. By now8. There is hardly an environment on earth ________ some species ofanimal or other has not adapted successfully.A. to whichB. whereverC. so thatD. as to9. Some metals are better conductors of electricity than others, ____ ____means that the former have atoms that contain more free electro ns than the latter.A. thatB. thisC. itD. which10. The time has come _______ we can make extensive use of nuclear energyA. asB. whileC. whenD. since11. The minister was the person ________.A. whom the state dinner was given in honorB. for whom the state dinner was given honorC. whose honour the stated dinner was givenD. in whose hono ur the state dinner was given12. ________ you decide to take up, you should try to make it a s uccess.A. WhateverB. UnlessC. WheneverD. If only13. An investigation was made into the accident, _______ fifty people were killed.A. for thatB. whereC. whenD. in which14. The time is not far away ____________modern communications will b ecome widespread in China's vast countryside.A. whenB. asC. untilD. before15. ________ men have learned much from the behaviour of animals is hardly new.A. WhatB. ThoseC. ThatD. Whether16. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time__ ______ the guards discovered what had happened.A. untilB. whenC. sinceD. before17. They usually have less money at the end of the month than______ ___at the beginning.A. which isB. which wasC. they haveD. it is18. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, _______, of course, made the others jealous.A. whatB. whichC. whoD. that19. _______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A. ThatB. WhichC. ItD. As20. The residents, ________ had been damaged by the flood, were give n help by the Red Cross.A. all whose homesB. all their homesC. all of whose homesD. all of their homes21. Language is a city, to the building of________every human being brought a stone.A. whichB. thatC. itD. this22. I'll accept any job__________I don't have o get up early.A. lestB. as long asC. in case D. though23. Not that John doesn't want to help you, _________it’s beyond hi s power.A. but thatB. for thatC. and thatD. in that24. They are teachers and don't realize_________to start and run a c ompany.A. what it takesB. what takes itC. what they takeD. what takes them25. No matter how frequently ________, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed26. You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from ________ to suspend your tent.A. thereB. themC. whereD. which27. In some countries, _______is called "equality" does not really me an equal rights for all people.A. whichB. oneC. thatD. what28. Liquids are like solids _________they have a definite volume.A. with thatB. for thatC. in thatD. at that29. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of pa tients do not take drugs ________directed.A. likeB. soC. whichD. as30. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, __________so mething occurred which attracted my attention.A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. while31. I have kept that portrait _______ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my university days in London.A. whichB. whereC. whetherD. when32. ________ might be expected, the response to the question was ver y mixedA. AsB. ThatC. ItD. What33. The little man was one meter fifty high.A. almost more thanB. hardly more tha nC. nearly more thanD. as much as34. You see the lightning __________ it happens, but you hear the t hunder later.A. the instantB. for an inst antC. on the instantD. in an ins tant35. The mere fact ________ most people believe nuclear war would bemadness does not mean that it will not occur.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. why36. John seems a nice person. __________, I don't trust him.A. Even thoughB. Even soC. Therefo reD. Though37. ___________that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A. ForB. NowC. SinceD. Despite38. _________ he works hard, I don't mind when he finishes the expe riment.A. As soon asB. As well asC. So far asD. So long as39. Although he knew little about the large amount of work done inthe field, he succeeded ________other more well-informed experimente rs failed.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where40. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ______o btaining water is not the least.A. for whichB. to whichC. of whichD. in which41. We need a chairman_________.A. for whom everyone has confidenceB. who everyone has confidence ofC. in whom everyone has confidenceD. whom everyone has confidence on42. Excuse me. If your call's not too urgent, do you mind ________m ine first?A. I makeB. that I makeC. me to m akeD. if I make43. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, _______ up to half will be from overseas.A. of whomB. for whomC. with whichD. in which44. These two areas are similar _______ they both have a high rainf all during this season.A. to thatB. besides thatC. in th atD. except that45. We'll visit Europe next year_______ we have enough money.A. lestB. untilC. unlessD. provided46. I was advised to arrange for insurance I needed medical treatment.A. neverthelessB. althoughC. in caseD. so that47. I hope all the precautions against air pollution, _______ suggest ed by the local government, will be seriously considered here.A. whileB. sinceC. afterD. as48. I've never been to Beijing, but it's the place ________.A. where I'd like to visitB. I most want to visitC. in which I'd like to visitD. that I want to visit it most49. ________ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together to night.A. ForB. SinceC. BeforeD. While50. Government reports, examination composition, legal documents and mo st business letters are the main situations ________ formal language is used.A. in whichB. on whichC. in thatD. at what51. Once they had fame, fortune, and secure futures;is utter poverty.A. now that an is leftB. now all th at is leftC. now all which is leftD. now an what is left52. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge ________ our thinking.A. which to be based onB. which to base uponC. upon which to baseD. to which to be based53. We grow an our own fruit and vegetables, __________ saves money, of course.A. whichB. asC. thatD. what54. They tried to restrict access to _________ they believed to be dangerous areas.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. everywhere55. This book will show the readers can be used i n other contexts.A. how that they have observedB. that how t hey have observed。