GRAMMAR
ELLIPSIS (省略）
简单句中的省略
1、省略主语：祈使句中主语通常省略；其它省略 主语多限于少数现成的说法。 (1) (I)Thank you for your help. (2) (I) See you tomorrow.
(3) (It) Doesn’t matter.
(4) (I) Beg your pardon.
The boy did nothing but play.
主从复合句中的省略
(5) 主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可 不带。
All we can do now is (to) wait.
1.If_____,we’ll continue our experiment after D. office hours. A. being necessary B. be necessary C.is necessary D. necessary 2.--- Do you think it's going to rain over the D. weekend? --- ________. A. I don't believe B. I don't believe it C. I believe not so D. I believe not 3. Generally speaking, ________according to B. directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
Do Exercise 2 P78
1. (I)Haven’t seen you for ages. 2. (It) Sounds like a good idea. 3. (I am) Sorry to hear that. 4. (walk) this way, please! 5. (Would you like) Joining us for a walk. 6. (Would you like) Some more tea? 7. (It) Doesn’t matter. 8. (It is a) Pity you couldn’t come. 9. (What/Such) Terrible weather! 10.(Are you) Going to the supermarket?
简单句中的省略
3、在对话或并列句中，如果主语，谓语不同，而 宾语相同，则常省去相同的宾语部分。
Tom enjoys dancing,but Peter hates. (省略了dancing)
简单句中的省略
4、省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to，但如果 该宾语是动词be或完成时态，则须在之后加上be 或have:
简单句中的省略
2、省略主谓或主谓语的一部分 (1)(There is) No smoking .
(2) (Is there) Anything wrong ?
(3)(Will you) Have a smoke ? (4) What/How (do you think) about a cup of tea ? (5) Why (do you) not say hello to him ?
Exercises
D 1. Raining hard,____? A doesn’t it B.dose it C.is it D. isn’t it 2. Have you been here long? （A） A. No, not very B. Not much C. Yes,only little D. No, only yesterday
其他省略
2、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语 一致时或主语是it时，可省去“主语+be”部分 (1) If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again. (2)When (he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. (3)She tried her best though (she was) rather poor in health.
(1) –Are you going there?--Yes, I’d like to (go there). (2) He didn’t give me the chance, though he had promised to (give me the chance). (3) –Are you an engineer? --No, but I want to be . (4) –He hasn’t finished the task yet. ought to have . --Well, he
A/
B.to
C.so
D.that
2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, A. but his mother told him ________. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
简单句中的省略
5、省略表语 (1) –Are you thirsty? --Yes, I am (thirsty).
(2) His brother isn’t lazy, nor is his sister (lazy). 6、同时省略几个成分 (1)Let’s meet at the same place as (we met)
主从复合句中的省略 其他省略
4、不定式符号to的省略
(1)并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. (2) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, 等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一 定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. （3）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带 to.
Do exercise 3 P78
1.She can swim under water longer than I can swim under water. 1.They discussed whether they should stay in the house or they should try the open air. 3.They had a meal, they went out for a walk and then they came back to sleep. 4. Don’t bathe if you don’t to bathe. 5.I don’t visit my parents as much as I ought to visit my parents.
3. --What do you think made Mary so upset? C. --________her new bicycle. A. As she lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing
并列句中的省略
两个并列句中，后一个分句常省略与前一分句中 相同的部分。 (1)My father is a doctor and my mother (is)
yesterday.
(2) –-Have you finished your work ?
--- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
பைடு நூலகம்
1.---Does your brother intend to study German?
B. ---Yes, he intends______.
主从复合句中的省略
3、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的 语序有变化。 (1) Had they time, they would certainly come and help us. (2) . Were I you, I would do the work better
(3）Should there be a flood, what should we do?
3. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in C
4.What would have happened ________, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther 5. When ________, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing A C. being completed D. to be completed
a nurse.
(2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.
主从复合句中的省略
1. 省略一个从句或从句的一部分，可用so 或 not代 替。常用于此类的动词有believe , think, expect, guess, hope, imagine, suppose, say, tell等以及 appear, seem, afraid etc. (1) –Is he coming back tonight? --I think so (2) –She must be busy now? --If so, she can’t go with us. . (3) –Is she feeling better today? --I’m afraid not. (4) –Do you think he will attend the meeting? --I guess not.