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专升本高数第一章练习题(带答案)

第一部分:1.下面函数与为同一函数的是( )y x =2.A y =.B y =ln .x C y e =.ln xD y e =解:,且定义域,∴选Dln ln xy e x e x === (),-∞+∞2.已知是的反函数,则的反函数是( )ϕf ()2f x()1.2A y x ϕ=().2B y x ϕ=()1.22C y x ϕ=().22D y x ϕ=解:令反解出:互换,位置得反函数,选A ()2,y f x =x ()1,2x y =ϕx y ()12y x =ϕ3.设在有定义,则下列函数为奇函数的是( )()f x (),-∞+∞()().A y f x f x =+-()().B y x f x f x =--⎡⎤⎣⎦()32.C y x f x =()().D y f x f x =-⋅解:的定义域且∴()32y x f x = (),-∞+∞()()()()()3232y x x f xx f x y x -=-=-=-选C4.下列函数在内无界的是( )(),-∞+∞21.1A y x=+.arctan B y x =.sin cos C y x x =+.sin D y x x=解: 排除法:A 有界,B 有界,C ,21122x x x x ≤=+arctan 2x π<sin cos x x +≤故选D5.数列有界是存在的( ){}n x lim n n x →∞A 必要条件B 充分条件C 充分必要条件D 无关条件解:收敛时,数列有界(即),反之不成立,(如有界,但不{}n x n x n x M ≤(){}11n --收敛,选A.6.当时,与为等价无穷小,则= ( )n →∞21sinn 1k nk AB 1C 2D -212解:, 选C 2211sin limlim 111n n k kn n n n →∞→∞==2k =i n二、填空题(每小题4分,共24分)7.设,则的定义域为 ()11f x x=+()f f x ⎡⎤⎣⎦解: ∵()f f x ⎡⎤⎣⎦()111111f x x==+++112x x x≠-+=+∴定义域为.()f f x ⎡⎤⎣⎦(,2)(2,1)(1,)-∞-⋃--⋃-+∞8.设则2(2)1,f x x +=+(1)f x -=解:(1)令 ()22,45x t f t t t +==-+()245f x x x =-+(2).()221(1)4(1)5610f x x x x x -=---+=-+9.函数的反函数是44log log 2y =解:(1),反解出:;(2)互换位置,得反函数4log y =x 214y x -=,x y .214x y -=10.n =解:原式.3lim2n =有理化11.若则.105lim 1,knn e n --→∞⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭k =解:左式= 故.5lim ()510n kn k ne e e →∞---==2k =12.=2352lim sin 53n n n n→∞++解:当时,~ ∴原式== . n →∞2sin n 2n 2532lim 53nn n n →∞+⋅+65三、计算题(每小题8分,共64分)13.设 求sin1cos 2x f x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭()f x解:.故.22sin 2cos 21sin 222x x x f ⎛⎫⎛⎫==- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ ()()221f⎡⎤∴=-⎣⎦()()221f x x =-14.设,的反函数,求()f x ln x =()g x ()()1211x g x x -+=-()()f g x 解: (1)求 ∴反解出:22():1x g x y x +=- x 22xy y x -=+22x y y =+-互换位置得(2).,x y ()22g x x x =+-()()ln ln 22f g x g x x x ==⎡⎤⎣⎦+-15.设,求的值。

32lim 8nn n a n a →∞+⎛⎫=⎪-⎝⎭a 解: ,故.3323lim lim 1n n n n n a a n a n a →∞→∞+⎛⎫⎛⎫=+ ⎪ ⎪--⎝⎭⎝⎭lim,n naa n aee →∞-==8a e ∴=ln 83ln 2a ==16.求()111lim 12231nn n n →∞⎛⎫++⋯+ ⎪ ⎪⋅⋅+⎝⎭解:(1)拆项,11(1)(1)k k k k k k +-=++111,2,,1k nk k =-=⋯+()11112231n n ++⋯+⋅⋅+1111112231n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+⋯- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭111n =-+(2)原式=lim 11111lim n nn n n e e n →∞--+→∞⎛⎫-== ⎪+⎝⎭*选做题1已知,求222(1)(21)126n n n n ++++⋯+=22233312lim 12n n n n n n →∞⎛⎫++⋯+ ⎪+++⎝⎭解: 222312n n n++⋯++2222233311211n n n n n n ++⋯+≤+⋯+≤+++且222312lim n n n n→∞++⋯++()()31(21)1lim36n n n n n n →∞++==+222312lim 1n n n →∞++⋯++3(1)(21)1lim 6(1)3n n n n n →∞++==+∴由夹逼定理知,原式 13=2 若对于任意的,函数满足:,证明为奇函数。

,x y ()()()f x y f x f y +=+()f y 解 (1)求:令()0f ()()()0,0,02000x y f f f ===→= (2)令()()()()():0x y f f y f y f y f y =-=-+→-=-为奇函数()f y ∴第二部分:1. 下列极限正确的( )A .B .不存在 C .D .sin lim1x xx→∞=sin limsin x x xx x→∞-+1lim sin1x x x→∞=lim arctan 2x x π→∞=解: 选C011sin lim sin lim x t t x tx x t→∞→= ∴注:sin 1sin 10lim 0;lim 1sin 101x x xx x A B x x x→∞→∞--===++2. 下列极限正确的是( )A .B .C .D .1lim 0xx e -→=10lim 0xx e +→=sec 0lim(1cos )x x x e →+=1lim(1)xx x e→∞+=解: 选A 11lim 0xx e e e --∞∞→=== ∴注::,:2,:1B C D +∞3. 若,,则下列正确的是( )()0lim x x f x →=∞()0lim x x g x →=∞A . B . ()()0lim x x f x g x →+=∞⎡⎤⎣⎦()()0lim x x f x g x →-=∞⎡⎤⎣⎦dl C .D . ()()1lim0x x f x g x →=+()()lim 0x x kf x k →=∞≠解: 选D()()00lim lim x x x x k kf x k f x k →→≠==⋅∞∞ ∴4.若,则 ( )()02lim2x f x x→=()0lim3x xf x →=A .3 B .C .2D .1312解:,选B ()()002323lim lim32x t tx x t f x f t →→=()021211lim 23323t f t t→==⋅=∴5.设且存在,则=( )()1sin (0)0(0)1sin (0)x x x x f x x a x x ⎧<⎪⎪=⎪=⎨⎪+>⎪⎪⎩()0lim x f x →a A .-1 B .0C .1D .2解: 选C .0sin lim 1,x x x →== 01lim sin x x a o a x +→⎡⎤⎛⎫+=+ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦1a ∴=6.当时,是比高阶无穷小,则( )0x +→()1f x =-x A .B .C .为任意实数D .1a >0a >a 1a <解:.故选A 00112lim lim 01ax x xa a x ++→→>=∴>7. lim 1xx x x →∞⎛⎫= ⎪+⎝⎭解:原式lim 1111lim 11x xxxx e e x →∞-∞-+→∞⎛⎫-== ⎪+⎝⎭8.2112lim 11x x x →⎛⎫-=⎪--⎝⎭解:原式()()()112lim11x x x x →∞-∞+--+111lim 12x x →==+9.()()()3100213297lim 31x x x x →∞-+=+解:原式3972132lim lim 3131x x x x x x →∞→∞∞⎛⎫⎪∞⎝⎭-+⎛⎫⎛⎫⋅ ⎪ ⎪++⎝⎭⎝⎭328327⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭10.已知存在,则=216lim 1x x ax x→++-a 解:,()1lim 10x x →-= ()21lim 60x x ax →∴++=160,7a a ++==-11. 1201arcsin lim sin xx x e x x -→⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭解:又,故原式=1.11220011sin 1,lim 0lim sin 0x xx x e e x x -→→≤=∴= 00arcsin lim lim 1x x x x xx →→== 12.若且,则正整数= ()220ln 1lim0sin n x x x x →+=0sin lim01cos n x xx→=-n 解: 故.()222200ln 1limlim sin n nx x x x x x xx →→+⋅= 20420,lim 02n x n x n x →<>2,4,n n ∴><3n =13.求sin 32lim sin 23x x x x x→∞+-解:sin 31lim0sin 31,lim 0x x x x x x →∞→∞⎛⎫=≤= ⎪⎝⎭ sin 21lim 0sin 21,lim 0x x x x x x →∞→∞⎛⎫=≤= ⎪⎝⎭原式∴022033+==--14.求0x →解:原式有理化x →0tan (1cos )1lim(1cos )2x x x x x →-=⋅-0tan 111limlim 222x x x x x x →∞→=⋅==15.求21lim sin cosxx x x→∞⎛⎫+⎪⎝⎭解:令,当时,1tx=x→∞0t→原式()1lim cos sin2ttt t→=+[]1lim1cos1sin2ttt t→=+-+()cos1sin2lim2tt tte e→∞-+=16.求ln cos2limln cos3xxx→解:原式[][]ln1cos21limln1cos31xxx→--+-变形cos21limcos31xxx→--等价()()2021242lim1932xxx→-=-等价注:原式2sin2cos3limcos23sin3xx xx x→∞⎛⎫⎪∞⎝⎭-⨯-49=⋯⋯=17.求2limsinx xxe e xx x-→---解:原式2lim1cosx xxe ex-→+--000000lim lim2sin cosx x x xx xe e e ex x--→→++=18.设且存在,求的值。

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