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加强交通建设管理，确保工程建设质 量。12:59:2012 :59:201 2:59M onday , February 08, 2021
1. 机会 Opportunities
(1) 未来的机会 Future Opportunities Early detection (2) 现在的机会 Current Opportunities ----渐进性evolved opportunities; ----突发性sudden opportunities; ----潜在hidden opportunities.
1. 优势 Strengths
(2)稳定器 stabilizers: maintenance strength
Fair wages and salaries; good
working conditions;efficient employee hiring
practices, promotion from within, a clear
private sector 4. 脆弱力Vulnerability----Weaknesses to Threats
SWOT分析
波特M.E.P法制观念、提高全员质量意 识。21. 2.821.2. 8Mond ay , February 08, 2021
战略管理
Strategic Management
公共管理学院 城市管理系
2003年9月
第三讲 战略匹配 Strategic Match
I. 内外条件的分类 Classification of Internal and External Conditions
II. 优势Strengths: 竞争优势 competitive advantage+stable and healthy internal atmosphere（稳定、健康的条件）.
Decline in the size of the customer base, entry of a powerful competitor into the industry, decrease in the number of suppliers, increase in the cost of raw materials, shortage of labor, greater government regulations, adverse cultural trends, higher inflation rates, recession, higher unemployment rates, deterioration in the political relations between two countries,
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好的事情马上就会到来，一切都是最 好的安 排。下 午12时5 9分20 秒下午1 2时59 分12:59:2021.2. 8
科学，你是国力的灵魂；同时又是社 会发展 的标志 。下午1 2时59 分20秒 下午12 时59分1 2:59:20 21.2.8
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sense of mission, efficient work flow,
availability of executive training program,
effective superior-subordinate communication.
组织正常运作的必要条件。
2. 弱势 Weaknesses
“how things are”
与最新的理论研究成果相比。
二、机会和威胁 Opportunities and Threats
1. 机会 Opportunities 市场增长等Growth of customer; exit of competitor;
increases of suppliers, abundances of labor; few government regulations, population growth, cultural changes, lower inflation， favorable technological breakthroughs, improved political relations between a country and foreign nation with large market. 2. 威胁Threats
(2) 动荡者Destabilizers 保证顺利航行 内部权责不清Lack of clear job descriptions,
wide span of supervision, deviation from the company’s policy of promotion from within; poor working condition; inadequate executive training program.
III. 弱势Weaknesses: 竞争弱势competitive disadvantages+an unstable and unhealthy internal atmosphere（不稳定的内部条件）
一、优势和弱势
Strengths and Weaknesses
1. 优势Strengths
(1) 核心竞争力Distinctive competency (leverage): product design, low cost, high efficiency, leadership in product innovation, ability to influence legislation, control of cost and other, massive availability of capital, CRM-customer relations management.
Examples: Toyota—quality; Benz—image, IBM— service; Coca Cola—international brand recognition; HP—innovation; AT&T—technological expertise.
开发Developing a distinctive competency 利用Exploiting distinctive competency 保护Protecting distinctive competency
(1) 下沉者 Sinkers 关键点出现大问题，灾难来临。
large hole in the ship structure
Shoddy workmanship or defective merchandise; poor customer service; bad location; disloyal employees, lack of product innovation, poor credit line; lack of leadership and managerial skills at the corporate level.
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追求至善凭技术开拓市场，凭管理增 创效益 ，凭服 务树立 形象。2 021年2 月8日 星期一 下午12 时59分2 0秒12:59:2021 .2.8
3、如何判断优势和弱势？
1、历史的标准 Historical Criterion 特定条件下，将现在与过去的绩效进行比较。 2、竞争的标准 Competitive Criterion 和第一名相比，处于何种地位。 3、名义的标准 Normative Criterion “How things ought to be” instead of with
谢谢大家！
生活中的辛苦阻挠不了我对生活的热 爱。21. 2.821.2. 8Mond ay , February 08, 2021
人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。1 2:59:20 12:59:2 012:59 2/8/202 1 12:59:20 PM
做一枚螺丝钉，那里需要那里上。21. 2.812:5 9:2012:59Feb- 218-Feb -21
to (7) opportunities 决断力 Early recognition
三、战略匹配 Strategic Match