牙体牙髓病学英文试题一、选择题1.对牙髓最具有破坏性的是 CA.Nd激光B.CO2激光C.红激光D.光固化灯E.牙髓活力电测定仪2.感染根管常见的优势菌不包括 CA.普氏菌B.放线菌C.G＋细菌D.真杆菌E.梭形杆菌3.备洞时易损伤牙髓的因素不包括 BA.施力大B.用冷却剂C.持续常时间钻磨D.制备深的窝洞E.不用冷却剂4.与顽固性根尖周病变和窦道经久不愈可能有关的细菌为 BA.普氏菌B.放线菌C.G＋细菌D.真杆菌E.梭形杆菌5.判断牙髓活力最可靠的检查方法是 DA.热诊B.冷诊C.牙髓活力电测定D.试验性备洞E.X线检查6．诊断残髓炎最准确的依据是 EA.叩诊B.牙髓活力测试C.病史D.症状E.探查治疗后根管有痛觉7．急性根尖周脓肿最佳的排脓途径 CA.从牙周间隙排脓B.从颊、舌侧粘膜或皮肤排出C.经根管从龋洞排脓D.从上颌窦或鼻腔排脓E.以上都不对8．感染侵入牙髓组织的途径 EA.深龋B.深牙隐裂C.深牙周袋D.重度磨耗E.以上都有可能9．根尖周炎疼痛最剧烈的阶段是 BA.粘膜下脓肿期B.骨膜下脓肿期C.浆液期D.根尖脓肿期E.瘘管形成期10．上颌第一磨牙的根管形态特点是： CA.多数是2根管，即1个颊根管和1个腭根管B.多数是3根管，即1个近颊、1个远颊和1个腭根管C.多数是4根管，即2个近颊、1个远颊和1个腭根管D.多数是4根管，即1个近颊、2个远颊和1个腭根管E.多数是4根管，即1个近颊、1个远颊和2个腭根管11．15号标准根管锉的锉尖直径和刃部末端直径分别是： DA.0.10mm和0.47mmB.0.10mm和0.45mmC.0.15mm和0.45mmD.0.15mm和0.47mmE.以上都不对12．弯曲根管预备的常见并发症是： AA.根管台阶B.药物性根尖周炎C.牙周组织坏死D.皮下气肿E.误戏和误咽13．根管预备的工作长度是指： DA.牙的实际长度B.从牙冠参照点到牙本质牙釉质界C.从牙冠参照点到解剖根尖孔D.从牙冠参照点到生理根尖孔E.从牙冠参照点到距生理根尖孔0.5~1mm14．根管成形的标准是： AA.根管比原来直径至少扩大3个器械号B.根尖预备到20号标准器械C.根管内无大量渗出D.根管冲洗无混浊液体E.根管内无严重气味15．下列哪一项不是牙髓切断术的潜在并发症： EA.根髓感染B.根管钙化C.内吸收D.牙髓坏死E.髓室穿孔16．下列哪一项描述不是玻璃离子粘固剂修复术窝洞预备的特点（） CA.玻璃离子粘固剂与牙体组织有化学粘接，对固位形的要求可放宽B.不必作倒凹、鸠尾等固位形C.去除龋坏牙本质，必须作预防性扩展D.窝洞的点、线角圆钝E.洞缘釉质不作斜面17．深龋患者激发痛较重，洞底软龋能够彻底去净，治疗方法应选择（） CA.双层垫底，一次完成充填治疗B.局麻下开髓失活，行牙髓治疗C.先做安抚治疗，待1~2周复诊时症状消除后，再以双层垫底充填治疗D.实行活髓切断术E.间接盖髓、双层垫底，一次完成充填治疗18．临床上不易查出的继发龋可用下列哪些方法帮助诊断（） CA.探诊B.温度测验C.X线D.染色法E.麻醉法19．深龋备洞时，下列哪项措施是错误的（） AA.洞底平、侧壁直，两相垂直B.去尽腐质C.保护牙髓D.洞缘线圆钝E.尽量保留健康牙体组织20．复合树脂充填后脱落的原因如下，除了（） AA.制备了固位形B.牙齿表面未注意清洁C.酸蚀后的牙面接触唾液D.未制备洞斜面E.充填体过薄21．下列哪项不是窝洞的基本固位形( ) BA.侧壁固位B.钉道固位C.倒凹固位D.鸠尾固位E.梯形固位22．制备倒凹是为了：( ) BA.获得良好的抗力形B.获得良好的固位形C.便于垫底D.便于充填E.便于放置盖髓剂23．V类洞充填备洞时，要求：( ) AA.适当的固位形B.严格的抗力形C.必须做鸠尾D.口小底大E.底平壁直24．右下颌第一恒磨牙颊面龋洞破坏越过边缘嵴至咬合面窝沟是：( ) AA.I类洞B.II类洞C.III类洞D.IV类洞E.V类洞25．垫底的部位为：( ) DA.仅在髓壁B.仅在轴壁C.仅在侧壁D.仅在髓壁和轴壁E.任何壁均可垫26．下列说法正确的是 BA.男性患龋率略高于女性B.龋病流行率主要随社会经济模式而变化C.龋病流行模式依靠地理环境而改变D.遗传因素对龋病的发生和发展产生重要的影响E.环境因素对龋病的发生和发展无影响27．釉质龋损害的4个区不包括 AA.坏死区B.透明带C.暗带D.损害体部E.釉质表面层28．牙本质龋损在光镜下可看到微生物渗透至牙本质小管的区域是 BA.坏死区B.感染层C.牙本质脱矿区D.硬化区E.修复性牙本质层29．静止龋属于 BA.急性龋B.慢性龋C.继发龋D.牙釉质龋E.牙骨质龋30．病程进展快，多数牙在短期内同时患龋的急性龋称为 EA.湿性龋B.慢性龋C.干性龋D.继发龋E.猛性龋31. Which is the best way of pain control for endodontic treatmentA Local anestheticsB DevitalizationC AnalgesicsD Occlusal reductionE Incising and drainage32. Which one is not the reason for use of rubber damA Protect aspiration or swallowing of instruments or irrigantsB Eliminate the dental fear of patientsC Improve visibilityD Reduced risk of cross-contaminationE Legal considerations33. The following statements are correct exceptA Nearly all canals exhibit a certain degree of curvature.B There may be more than one canals within one root.C The apical foramen usually opens at the anatomical apex.D Apical constriction occurs at 0.5~1mm from the apical foramen.E Lateral and accessory canals might be the cause of treatment failure.34. Which one is wrong regarding the principle of access cavityA Straight-line accessB Conservation of tooth structureC Unroofing of the chamber and exposure of pulp hornsD .Facial surface of anterior teethE Occlusal surface of posterior teeth35. The advantages of gutta-percha as a filling material areA It is compactible and adapts excellently to the irregularities and contour of the canalB It is radiopaqueC It can be easily removed from the canal when necessaryD It can be softened and made plastic by heat or by organic solventsE All of the above36. Which one is incorrect about the criteria of the root canal is ready to be filled after thecompletion of root canal cleaning and shaping?A The tooth is asymptomatic.B The canal is wet.C There is no sinus tract.D There is no foul odor.E The temporary filling is intact37. Which one is not the pathways of pulpal and periapical infections?A Dentinal tubulesB Pulp exposureC GingivalD Periodontal ligamentE Anachoresis38. Tug-back is achieved and the canal is ready for fillingA When the gutta-percha has extended beyond the apexB When the gutta-percha is easily removed from the root canalC When the gutta-percha placed to apical constriction exhibits resistance on removalD After cementationE None of above39. Most root canal infections involveA a single obligate anaerobic speciesB multiple anaerobic species onlyC mixed aerobic and anaerobic microorganismsD multiple aerobic species onlyE none of above40. An abnormally shaped tooth that may appear as an extra wide crown,a normal crownwith an extra root,or other combinations resulting from the union of two adjacent tooth germs by dentin during development is calledA fused teethB concresence of teethC geminated teethD dilacerations of toothE taurodontism41. Which isn’t the non-operative treatment of dental caries in the following?A application of fluorideB application of APF gelC remineralizative therapyD enameloplastyE pit and fissure sealing42. Which is not the aim of operative therapy on the dental caries management?A To remove infected dentine and prohibit cariesB To protect the pulp and avoid painC To enhance the strength of the toothD To facilitate plaque controlE To restore the appearance(of teeth)and its function43. Which is the best statement about resistance formA Resistance form is the design of a cavity in such a way that the remaining tooth substance and the restorative material can withstand masticatory stressB The bulk required will depend on the flexural strength of restorative material.In the case of amalgam it is estimated that a minimum of 1.5-2mm thickness of the restorative material is required to withstand masticatory stressC If a marginal ridge is found to be too weak in the cause of an occlusal cavity preparation,a Class II cavity may have to be prepared instead,so as to eliminate the weak marginal ridge.This is particularly indicated where the ridge is only of enamel thickness and unsupported by sound dentineD The cavity should be designed that the occlusal margins of the cavity are in areas not subjected to excessive occlusal trauma,otherwise the enamel wall of the cavity and/or the margins of the restorative material may fracture.In practice,this may be achieved by placing an occlusal margins of a cavity about one-quarter(1/4)of the intercuspal distance.Note,that efforts should always be made to conserve sound tooth tissueE All of the above44. Which is the most danger area of tooth in dental caries occurred after you have learned dental caries?A Pits and fissures on occlusal surfaces of molars and premolarsB Approximal surfaces of all teeth.C Gingival thirds of all teeth,both on facial and lingual surfacesD Pits and fissures near the lingual of maxillary incisors and canines(lingual pits)E Pits and fissures on the buccal of molars45. Which is not true in the following statement about dental caries and micro-organisms?A Caries could be induced by specific bacteria,especially mutans streptococci-group(eg.Streptococcus mutans and Strep.sobrinus).B There are caries occurred when only fed a cariogenic(high sucrose)diet.C In the’60s Keyes infected germ-free animals with known strains of streptococci and found that these organisms were transferred to uninfected litter mates who then became susceptible to caries.He thus demonstrated that dental caries was potentially infectious and transmissible.D When talking about cariogenic microorganisms,we often refer to Streptococcus mutans,Lactobacillus and Actinomyces.E Occlusal caries could be prevented using penicillin in animal study.46. The advantages glass-ionomer cement includeA high adhesion propertiesB low abrasion propertiesC use as a permanent restorationD reduction in caries due to fluoride releasing propertiesE all of the above47. Which one of the statements is error in retentive pin placementA be avoided bifurcation and trifurcation areasB parallel to the external surface of the toothC many pin holes be better placed in different planesD the length of pin in dentine should be longer than that of in restorationE be in the hardest dentine48. The reasons of spontaneous pain after tooth filling includeA mistakenly judge the condition of pulpB neglect small pulp exposureC irritation of materials to pulpD residual carious dentineE all of the above49. Which of the following is a contra-indication to endodontic treatmentA DiabetesB PregnancyC HIV-infected patientsD Patient suffering from heart attack within past 6 monthsE Cancer50. Central cusp is most common inA maxillary the second premolarsB maxillary the first premolarsC mandibular the first premolarsD mandibular the second premolarsE maxillary the second molars51. Submerged deciduous teeth occurs most common inA primary maxillary the second molarsB primary maxillary the first molarsC primary central incisorsD primary mandibular the second molarsE primary mandibular the first molars52. In clinical assessment,which is not correct?A Spontaneous discomfort at night provide a clue as the tooth is inflamedB Vitalometer tests are very unreliableC If the tooth is excessively mobile,it may have abnormal root resorptionD Swelling or with a fistulous tract is indicative of a necrotic pulpE No pain history affirmed no inflammation53. If you mechanically expose the mesiobuccal pulp horn on the primary maxillary firstmolar.The carious lesion on the mesial and distal surfaces is moderate,the treatment now should beA Pulp capping with Ca(OH)2;restor with silver amalgamB Pulpotomy;restored with a stainless steel crownC Pulpectomy;restored with a stainless steel crownD Pulp capping with Ca(OH)2;restored with a stainless steel crownE Extraction and a space maintainer54. The tooth of root fracture should be treated with splint forA 2-3 weeksB 1-2weeksC 3-8 weeksD 2-3 monthsE 1-2 months55. In which situation below the pulp would be exposed?A Enamel infractionB Enamel fraciureC Enamel-dentin fractureD Complicated crown fractureE Uncomplicated crown-root fracture56. We should advocate a routine dental appointment on or beforeA the ZERO birthdayB the first birthdayC the second birthdayD the third birthdayE the six birthday57. The order of susceptibility of the primary teeth to carious attack is as followsA Mandibular primary molar>Maxillary primary incisor>Maxillary primary molar>mandibular primary anterior teethB Maxillary primary incisor>Maxillary primary molar>mandibular primary molar>mandibular primary anterior teethC Maxillary primary incisor>mandibular primary molar>mandibular primary anterior teeth>Maxillary primary molarD Maxillary primary incisor>mandibular primary molar>Maxillary primary molar>mandibular primary anterior teethE Maxillary primary incisor>mandibular primary anterior teeth>mandibular primary molar>Maxillary primary molar58. A 7 year’s old boy with bilateral loss of the mandibular primary first and secondmolars,which of the following may be bestA Band and loop respectivelyB Lingual archC Removable appliancesD Distal shoeE None of them59. Clinical features of dental fluorosis do not includeA The lesion symmetrically distributed in the mouth,but not all teeth are equally affectedB The least affected teeth are the incisors and first permanent molarsC Changes from fine white opaque lines running across the tooth on all parts of the enamel to features where parts of the chalky white and porous outer enamel become detached and discoloredD The loss of surface enamel in the severest cases results in a loss of anatomical form of the teethE Well-demarcated borders lesion along incremental line60. For intrusive luxation of teeth,the most common complication isA Pulp necrosisB OsteitisC Root resorptionD Alveolar process resorptionE All of above二、名词解释1、acquired pellicle2、resistance form3、indirect pulp capping4、retrograde pilpitis5、自发痛和激发痛6、Dentine hypersensitivity7、Smear layer 8、Pulpotomy9、Initial apical file 10、Dental plaque三、简答题1.简述影响根管冲洗效果的因素2.简述深龋的治疗特点3.简述深龋的治疗特点4.简述窝洞的基本固位形5.简述牙隐裂的病因6.What is the sequelae of root fractures?7.Please briefly describe the benefits of root canal irrigation.8.What is the goals of pulp therapy in children?9.What are the properties of the Cariogenic Bacteria?四、问答题1、详述窝洞的结构及窝洞预备的基本原则结构2、引起牙髓活力测定误诊的原因是什么？3、根尖周脓肿与急性牙周脓肿的鉴别要点4、Please discuss the purpose of root canal preparation and the procedures of Step-down technique.5、Explain the indications and types of pulp treatment for primary and young permanent teeth.6、State The Principles Of Cavity Preparation on Amalgam Restoration.答案一、选择：1CCBBD 6 ECEBC 11DADAE 16CCCAA 21BBAAD 26BABBE31BCDEB 36CCCAD 41DCEAB 46EDEDA 51DEBDD 56BDCEA二、名词解释1、acquired pellicle：唾液蛋白或糖蛋白吸附至牙面所形成的生物膜称获得性膜。