【1】中国画请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
国画(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的艺术传统之一。
绘画时用毛笔蘸黑墨或彩墨在纸张或丝绸上作画。
根据表现手法，国画可分为写童派(the Xieyi school)和工笔派(the Gongbi school)两大类。
写意派以自由表达和形式夸张为特点;工笔派则注重以精细的笔法描绘细节。
山水画被公认为国画的最高形式。
纵观历史，不同时期的国画都相应地反映出人们的社会意识。
Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.
【2】苏州园林请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
苏州是中国著名的"园林城市(city of gardens)",在园林数量和艺术性上都远胜于其他城市。
苏州的因林艺术有1500年的历史。
14世纪到20世纪之间的明淸时期是其园林建筑的货金时期。
这座城市里曾经有超过200家私人园林。
它们中的一些今天仍然保存良好。
这些园林的独特魅力使它们在1997年被列人世界文化遗产名录(the list of World Cultural Heritage)。
Suzhou is China s well-known city of gardens，which tops all other cities in both the number and the artistry of gardens. Suzhou's art of gardening has undergone a history of 1,500 years. The Ming and Qing Dynasties between the 14th and 20th century were its prime periods of garden building. At one time there were more than 200 private gardens in the city. A lot of them are still preserved in good condition today. The unique charm of these gardens has led to their entry into the list of World Cultural Heritage in 1997.
【3】云南丽江请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
丽江古城有800多年的历史，曾经是茶马古道(the old tea horse road)上的一个贸易集结点(confluence)。
丽江因其有序的水道和桥梁系统而闻名。
丽江古城在建筑、历史及其原住民纳西族(the Naxi people)的文化传统方面不同于中国其他古城。
古城沿山脉和河流而建，为我们提供了一个研究古代建筑的非常珍贵的样本。
独特的地理位置、历史背景以及多民族的居民，都使丽江成为最特别的古城之一。
The old town of Lijiang has a history of more than 800 years and was once a confluence for trade along the old tea horse road.It is famous for its orderly system of waterways and bridges.The old town of Lijiang differs from other ancient Chinese cities in architecture, history and the culture tradition of its local residents-the Naxi people.The town is built along mountains and rivers, providing us a very precious sample of the research on the old-time architecture. The unique
geographical location, historical background and multiracial inhabitants make it one of the most special old towns.
【4】安徽黄梅戏请将下面这段中文翻译成英文：
黄梅戏(Huangmei Opera)源于湖北省黄梅县的采茶歌曲，连同京剧、越剧(Yue Opera)、评剧(Ping Opera)和豫剧(Yu Opera)是中国的五大戏曲。
它最初是以一种简单的载歌载舞的戏剧形式出现的。
后来，随着饱受洪水灾害的灾民，黄梅戏传到了安徽省安庆市。
它吸收了徽剧和当地歌舞的元素，发展到了今天的形式。
黄梅戏以一种淸新的风格反映了普通居民的生活，受到了群众的喜爱。
The old town of Lijiang has a history of more than 800 years and was once a confluence for trad e along the old tea horse road.It is famous for its orderly system of waterways and bridges.The old town of Lijiang differs from other ancient Chinese cities in architecture, history and the culture tra dition of its local residents-the Naxi people.The town is built along mountains and rivers, providin g us a very precious sample of the research on the old-time architecture. The unique geographical l ocation, historical background and multiracial inhabitants make it one of the most special old town s.。