一．spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：(1) spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。

例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。

(2) spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。

二．cost的主语是物或某活动，不用于被动。

可以表示“值”，常见用法：(1)sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。

例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

Practice:用spend和cost的适当形式填空：1.The house _____ him $100,000 .2.It ____ Jim $5 to buy the pencil.3.How much does the teapot _____？It ____ too much .We can’t afford it.4.writing the composition ______ him much time and patience .5.He______ much time reading .And he ____ plenty of money on books.6.How long does the girl _______ making tea?7.He is always __________ .How much has he ______ by now ,do you know?8.Where will you _______ your holiday ?And how do you ___ your spare time?9.He _______ too much money on clothes and appearance last year.三．take后面可跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：(1) It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。

例：It took them three years to build this road.Building this road ______ them 3 years .(2)doing sth./ sth. takes sb. ＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。

例：Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

The trip took 2 hours .用take 和 spend 的适当形式填空：1.How much time does it _______ them to complete the task ? 5 days.2.We _____ much money making our dream come true .3.Cooking _____ me a bit of time for my sister helps with housework .4.How much time do you ________ on films ?5.It _____ two to make a quarrel .6._____ your time and do the job well .7.How long will this task _______ you ?四．pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买……。

例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。

例：I have to pay for the lost book. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱Don’t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心，我会给你付钱的。

(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。

例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。

（5）pay money back 还钱。

例：May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗？下周还你。

（6）pay off one's money还清钱。

用pay (for) 和 spend ,take填空：1.How much time do you ______ on the project ?2.How much money did you _______ the shelf ?3.How much will you _______ on the book ? $20 .4.How much time will repairing the bike _______ ? 2 hours .5.He will ______ plenty of money on this project .6.He will _______ $1,000 for the project .总结：take 一般用it做主语，例：it take sb sometime to do sth.spend 一般是人做主语，例：I spend an hour to finish my homework. cost表示某物值什么的（价值或钱）例：The shelf cost 200 yuan.pay一般是人做主语，例：I pay an hour to do my homework.习题：1、这件外套花费了我100元。

几种不同的表达方式。

2. They spend too much time the reportA. writingB. to writeC. on writingD. write3. --What beautiful shoes you’re wearing! They must be expensive[ iks'pensiv ]--No，they only——l0 yuan．A．spent B．took C．paid D．cost4. --Will you please for my dinner Peter?--Sure!A. spendB. payC. costD.take5. It will me too much time to read this book.A. takeB. costC. spendD.pay6.This science book ____ me a great amount of money.A. tookB. costC. usedD. spent1 It often ___ about 3 hours to get to school from my home.2 – Who will ____ for the bill? ——Maybe our boss.3 The house ___ him 30,000 dollars. Plenty of money ____ ___ on the house .4 His cousin _____ the whole day making the toy car yesterday.( ) 1. ----How do you come to school? ----By bike. Taking a bus may _____ much money. And walking ______ too much time.A. take; paysB. cost; takesC. pay; costsD. pay; takes( ) 2. She usually ________ much time shopping in the supermarkets.A spendsB costsC takesD pays( ) 3. American students spend ________ time _________ homework than Chinese students.A. fewer, doingB. less, to doC. less, doingD. least, doing( ) 1. This kind of computer _______ too much. I can't afford one. (08泰州）A.takesB. spendsC. paysD. costs( ) 2. It will ________ us several years to learn a foreign language well. (09无锡)A. costB. takeC. spendD. use3. Since June 1st, 2008, when we want plastic bags in the supermarket, we have to ________(付款) them.4. He likes English. He spends lots of time __________(read) it every day. (09宿迁)5. 昨天他花了10分钟乘公共汽车去动物园。

(09淮安)It ____________________________________ yesterday.6.How much did the dictionary____ you?1.2.It took Alice five minutes to finish reading the book.Alice five minutes reading the book.3.It took him 40 yuan to buy the book Harry Potter.He 40 yuan the book Harry Potter. He 40 yuan for the book Harry Potter.4.We spent 20 minutes cleaning the room yesterday.It 20 minutes the room yesterday.5.6.It took Jones half an hour to write a letter.(保持原句意思)Jones half an hour a letter.7.8.He spends about an hour a day doing his homework.It him about an hour a day his homework.9.10.We use two hours to do our homework on Sunday.We two hours our homework on Sunday.11.12.This pair of glasses cost me five pounds.（保持句子意思）I five pounds this pair of glasses.13.It takes four hours to travel from Shanghai to Singapore by air.(改为一般疑问句)it four hours to travel from Shanghai to Singapore by air?近期难点：一.用so?还是such(a / an ) ?1.___ good suggestion2._____ good suggestions3.____ fool (傻瓜)4._____ smart5.____ much knowledge6._____valuable advice7.____ a little sheep8.____ little sheep9._____ few mistakes 10._______ many paintings 11.___ little fun 12.___ fine weather 13. ____ lucky a dog 14.___ little children 15.____ exciting news16.___ weather report17.____ surprising ending 18.____ good music 19.____ good music radio。