《高级英语》第二册模拟试题（四）I. Choose the rhetorical or figurative device from the list below that best describes the underlined words. All of the devices listed are used once. Markyour answer with capital letters like A, B, C, …or J . (10%)Model: The difference, for example, between the much-touted Second International and the much-clouted Third International is not like the difference between the horse and buggy and the automobile.Answer:DList of devices:A. understatementB. simileC. metaphorD. antithesisE. repetitionF. transferred epithetG. hyperboleH. personificationI. metonymyJ. sarcasm1.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing anend as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change.2.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar.3.None of these people, I suppose, works less than twelve hours a day, and every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.4.They are like the Musketeers of Dumas who although they lived sideby side with each other, did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.5.Out of the melting pot emerges a race that hates beauty as it hates truth.6.……and bring theabsolute power to destroy other nations under theabsolute control of all nations.7.The charm of the conversation is that it does not really start fromanywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.8.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endlessmills.9.But in the American village and small town the pull is always towardugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.10.From East Liberty to Greensburg, a distance of twenty-five miles, therewas not one in sight from the train that did not insult and lacerate the eye.II. Determine whether the following statements are True or False. Mark them with T or F to indicate your answer. (15%) 1.The method the writer uses in the expository writing—“The Worker asCreator or Machine” is causal analysis.2.In “Marrakech”Orwell describes objectively the suffering and miseryof the colonial people in Marrakech.3.Hemingway does not belong to “the Sad Young men”or “the LostGeneration”.4.Human beings change nature, and at the same timeare changed bynature, according to the essay—“The Worker as Creator or Machine”. 5.“The Inaugural Address”by J.F. Kennedy has been regarded by many inthe United States as a classical speech, and many passages are often quoted.6.Menckenbelieves that these people built such ugly houses because theywere just ignorant.7.Argument may never appear in a conversation, according to Henry Fairlie.8.The Future of the English lies in the final result of the battle betweenEnglishness and Admass, according to what is stated in the essay “The Future of the English”.9.“Marrakech” was written by George Orwell.10.Mencken, in his “The Libido for the Ugly”, claims that all the peopleliving in Westmorland county love ugly things.III. Explain, in your own words, the meaning of the underlined part of each sentence. (10%)1.She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast ofburden.2.They got out of bed on the wrong side.3.Work is also his liberator from nature, his creator as a social and independent being.4.To put cars and motorways before houses seems to Englishness a communal imbecility.5.They “wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up.”IV. Fifteen words are taken away at irregular intervals from the passage below.Choose the most appropriate one of the given words or expressions and fill in the blanks. Markyour answer with capital letters like A, B, C, …or O. (15%)A. outsideB. originalC. co-operationD. cathedralsE. builderF. othersG. inescapableH. fromI. increasing J. skilled K. individuality L. FranceM. transformation. N. very O. kingdom Unless man exploits 1 , he has to work in order to live. However primitive and simple his method of work may be, by the 2fact of production, he has risen above the animal 3 ; rightly has he been defined as “the animal that produces”. But work is not only an 4 necessity for man. Work is also his liberator 5 nature, his creator as a social and independent being. In the process of work, that is, the molding and changing of nature 6 of himself, man molds and changes himself. He emerges from nature by mastering her; he develops his powers of 7 , of reason, his sense of beauty. He separates himself form nature, from the 8 unity with her, but at the same time unites himself with her again as her master and 9 . The more his work develops, the more his 10 develops. In molding nature and recreating her, he learns to make use of his powers, 11 his skill and creativeness. Whether we think of the beautiful paintings in the caves of Southern 12 , the ornaments on weapons among primitive people, the statues and temples of Greece, the 13 of the Middle Ages, the chairs and tables made by 14 craftsmen, or the cultivation of flowers, trees or corn by peasants — all are expressions of the creative 15 ofnature by man’s reason and skill.V. Choose the right word or phrase from the list below to make the sentences complete. Markyour answer with capital letters like A, B, C, …or J . (10%)A. put downB. at issueC. alluded toD. sit up atE. convertedF. alienated fromG. outgrownH. affordsI.reluctant to J. sweat your guts out1.Since the weather is so bad, Thomas is go out for a walk as usual.2.The parents are surprising to see that their son has the clothes theybought for him only one month ago.3.Once you open this book, you will the vividness of the author′sdescription.4.In half a year, he had 10,000 people into Christianity.5.Freedom and democracy were still in some backward countries. Thiswas the chief reason why people there rebelled against the rulers.6.As competition is throat-grabbing, you have to in order to succeed.7.This conference me the opportunity of meeting a lot of experts abroad.8.When I came across her in the supermarket, she some of our formerclassmates.9.It is impossible to such a serious traffic accident simply to carelessness.10.In modern society, workers are oftenthe work they are doing.VI. Reading Comprehension. (20%)Passage 1These is a new type of advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among“situations vacant”,although it doesn’t offer anyone job,and sometimes it appears “situations wanted”,although it is not placed by someone looking for a job either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae (工作简历) or job history”, is how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is,of course,a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history),with the suggestion that it may now qualifyas an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekersimply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name,address,age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when they left school.The letter was really just foropeners, it was explained,everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in thosedays of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work, your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder,something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for,”was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt,however,that it is the increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.1.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspapercolumns _____.A. informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB. promises useful advice to those looking for employmentC. divides available jobs into various typesD. informs employers that people are available for work2.Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has beencreated because _____.A. there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB. there are so many top-level job availableC. there are so many people out of workD. the job history is considered to be a work of art3.In the past it was expected that first-job hunters would _____.A. write a initial letter giving their life historyB. pass some exams before applying for a jobC. have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD. keep any detailed information until they obtained an interviewter, as one went on to apply for more important jobs,one was advisedto include in the letter _____.A. something that would attract attention to one's applicationB. a personal opinion about the organization one was trying to joinC. something that would offend the person reading itD. a lie that one could easily get away with telling5.The job history has become such an important document because_____.A. there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB. there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC. jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD. the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage 2When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford. A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars—one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses.Back in the early 1900’s, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a "disassembly line". Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto. Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time. Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened."The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes. But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13 minutes and 10 seconds per person."Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes. In 1913, Ford went all the way. Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed(拖，拉) past workers who completed them one piece at a time. It hasn’t long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand c ars a year, a remarkable achievement then. And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of hiscars in half, to $260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them. Soon, auto makers the world over copied him. In fact, he encouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow. The Age of the Automobile has arrived. Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation, everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.6.Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true?A. He introduced a new way of production.B. He influenced all manufacturing.C. He inspired other auto makers.D. He changed a historian’s mind.7.The writer mentions" slaughterhouses" because they were the placeswhereA. Ford’s assembly line originatedB. Ford made his first carC. Ford readjusted the assembly lineD. Ford innovated the disassembly line8. A magneto is a technical term for .A. an automobileB. a production lineC. a part of an automobile engineD. a disassembly line9.The phrase“turning out” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by.A. “ producing”B.“selling”C.“buying”D.“fixing”10.The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford.A. to create more jobs for the unemployedB. to write a book on historyC. to reduce the price of his cars to $260D. to cut the production of his cars by 50%VII. Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (10%)Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak ad forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.VIII. Write out a short essay on your view of the following subject in about 150 words. Marks will be awarded forcontent, organization, grammar, and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. (10%)My View on Opportunity。