“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配,是高中英语语法的重点、难点,又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视,现将it用法归纳如下:一、It用作实词表达以下概念：指代前文提到的事物,前文中的thiｓ，thaｔ;替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……二、It用作形式主语替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：１. 代作主语的动词不定式,其句型为(１）It bｅadj．(fｏr ｓb.)ｔo dｏｓth．此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy，ｄiffｉcult，hard，nｅcessaｒy,ｕnnecｅssa ｒｙ,possible，iｍpossible，liｋely，ｕnliｋｅly,riｇｈｔ，wrong，ｉmportant,uｎｉｍpoｒt ａnt，leｇal,illegal，wｅll-maｎｎerｅd,ill－manｎｅｒｅd,ｐolite,impolite，clｅar,obviｏu ｓ,cｅrｔaｉｎ,ｓuｉｔａble，ｐropeｒ，fiｔ，uｓefuｌ,useｌｅsｓ,ｄanｇeroｕｓ…例Iｔis iｌlegａl(ｆｏrａｔeｅnagｅｒ）to dｒiveａcａr withoｕt a licens ｅ.(2）It be adｊ．oｆsb. toｄo sth.此处aｄj．通常为描述人的形容词:kiｎｄ,uｎkind,ｎice，rｕdｅ，crueｌ，cｏnｓidｅraｔe，thoｕｇhｔｆuｌ，thｏｕgｈｔｌess,carefｕl，ｃareless,silly,foｏlish,ｓｔｕpid,clｅveｒ，ｗise,ｃｒａｚy.例It＇ｓkiｎdｏf yｏｕto help me wiｔｈｔhe proｂlｅm.（3)It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型It'ｓnｏｇｏod／usｅdｏinｇ…Ｉｔ＇ｓ（welｌ）wortｈdoｉng…It＇s（well）worth oｎe＇ｓwhilｅdoing/to do…Iｔ's（weｌl）ｗorth while doiｎg/ to do例Ｉt＇s no usｅcryｉngｏvｅr ｓpilt milk.2. Iｔ替代作主语的从句常见句型（1）It is ＋nouｎ+从句例Iｔis ｎo ｓｅcret thaｔtｈｅpresidentｗants ｔo hａve ａｓecond ｔerm at office．（2）It is adj. +cｌauseＩt'ｓsｕrprisｉnｇtｈat…(ｓhould）………竟然……It＇s a piｔy/ｓhame tｈat…(sｈould）………竟然……例It＇s importaｎt thａｔyｏu ｓｈoｕld apoｌoｇiｚe tｏher foｒyouｒrudeｎess.(=It's ｏf mｕch ｉmｐｏｒtａnｃｅthat yｏｕshｏｕld apｏlogｉze to ｈer for yoｕr rｕdeｎess．)（3）Iｔｖerｂsb. + claｕse= It ｉs v-ｉng + ｃlauｓeIｔ+suｒpｒｉse/ｄeliｇht/inteｒｅst/ｄｉsaｐpoiｎｔ/ｗoｒry/diｓturｂ/ａｎnoy/amaze /ｂother/ｃonｃｅrn/ｆｒｉghten/pｌeａse/anger ｓb. ｔhat…例Iｔwｏrried mｅthaｔshe ｄroｖe ｓｏfast.(＝Iｔｗas wｏrｒｙing that ｓhe dｒovｅso fasｔ.）（4）Iｔverb（ｔo sｂ.)tｈａt…= sb／stｈverb tｏdo（vｅｒｂ＝ａpｐeａr,seeｍ,ｃome about，emerge，ｆｏｌｌｏw,chance,hａppen，oｃｃur,transpire,turn ouｔ,ｗork ouｔ)例Ｉt(so）ｈappeneｄ/chanced thａt tｈey werｅoｕt.(＝Tｈｅｙhapｐened/c ｈanceｄto ｂe ｏut.）（5)It is v-ed that…=sb/ｓtｈｉs to do(verb=say,report，tｈinｋ,belieｖe,hope，exｐｅcｔ,agree，acｃept，deｃidｅ，dｅtｅrmine，intenｄ，ｐｌan,unｄerstａnd,ｋｎow)例It is said that the couple hａvｅgottｅｎｄivorcｅd.(＝Thｅcｏupｌe aｒe said to have goｔten ｄivorced.）（６)Ｉt ｉｓv－eｄthat …（ｓhouｌｄ)…(verｂ＝deｍand，ｒeｑuest,reｑuｉｒe,oｒdｅｒ,sｕｇｇｅsｔ,ａｄvise，rｅｃoｍmｅｎd例It is suggeｓted tｈａt tｈｅy should begｉn with the tｈirdｑuｅｓｔion. “It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解2007-0５-０１17:１4：０5.０中国高中生网()三、Ｉt作主语的句型1．It tａkｅs sb.…tｏdo…（=sb ｔａkes…tｏｄo…）某人用多长时间做某事例It took tｈe meｎａweｅk ｔo menｄour roof．（= Tｈe men toｏk a ｗeek t ｏmｅnｄoｕｒroof.）2. It's（ｊuｓt）(uｎ）lｉke sb．to dｏ…（不）像某人做某事的风格例Ｉｔｗas(juｓt)lｉｋe ｈimｔo tｈink of heｌpiｎg ｕs.3. It's(about／hｉgh)time tｈat…shoｕｌd /v-eｄ…是该做某事的时候了例It's（aboｕt/high)tｉmｅthat we shouｌｄtａke ａｃtｉon.４．Iｔ'sｔhe x－th timｅ（ｔhat)…have v－ed…第几次做某事了例Iｔ's the third tiｍe thaｔhe ｈas faｉledｔｈe ｄrｉvｉnｇｔest.5．It is/ｈas ｂｅen…since…cｏｎtinuｏus v-ｅd（延续性动词)某动作已有多长时间不发生了例It＇s 10 yｅars tｈａt he lｉveｄheｒe６.It ｗas(noｔ）…befoｒe…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了例It was noｔlong beｆore tｈey ａrｒivｅd.四、It 作形式宾语用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It作形式宾语的常见句型:1．verｂ+ ｉt+ ａdj.／noun(for／oｆ）to do/clause(ｖｅｒb=ｔhink，ｂeliｅve,suppo ｓe,consideｒ,feｅl，makｅ，keep…）例I ｔhink it hａｒd ｆor yｏu to doｔｈe task on yｏur oｗn．/Ｉthｉnk it hard tｈaｔyoｕ'll do theｔask oｎyouｒowｎ．2．verｂ+ｉt＋adj./noun（ｏne＇s)ｄoing(aｄj．=useless／ｗoｒth／ｗｏｒthwhiｌe)(nou ｎ＝ｎｏｕse/ｎｏgoｏｄ/ｗortｈone's wｈile/ａwａsｔｅｏf time/mｏney／ｅnｅｒgy／ｗｏｒｄs）(ｖｅrｂ=think，believe,suppose,cｏnsiｄｅr，fｅｅl,ｍakｅ,kｅep…)例I'llｍake it wortｈｙour ｗhile tellinｇmｅabout his sｅcret.３. ｖerb+it＋ｉmporｔanｔ/unｉmpｏｒtant/necｅsｓary/unnecessａrｙ／naturaｌ/ｅssentiａｌthａt …（ｓhould)…verb＋it+of ｍuｃｈ/great/no/litｔle importaｎcｅthat…(ｓhould)…（ｖeｒb＝thｉｎｋ，belｉeｖｅ，supｐose,consiｄer，fｅｅl，mａkｅ,ｋeep…）例I tｈｉnk it ｉmｐortａnt that ｙｏu(ｓhoｕｌd)atteｎdｔhe cｏnference.4.verb ＋it+ as+ｎｏun/aｄj.+clausｅ(ｖｅrb=accept，regard，ｔａke，ｓｅe,vi ｅw）例The lecｔurer ｔakｅs it aｓenｃouragｉｎg wｈen sｏmany stuｄｅnts attend hiｓｌectｕre.5. ｖ. +ｉｔ+ preｐ.＋tｈａt…oｗｅｉｔｔo sb. ｔhat…把…归功于…leavｅit to sｂtｈat…把…留给某人去做ｔaｋe ｉt foｒｇranｔed that…想当然keep it iｎmiｎd that…例Don't bothｅr ｔo arｒanｇe anｙthing．Justｌeavｅiｔto me ｔｏｓort out.6.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjｏy,like，love，dislｉkｅ,reｓent,haｔe，ｄon'ｔmind，ｂｅfonｄof,feel ｌｉke，ｓee to 宾语从句紧跟it之后例I hate iｔyou can swim ｓo wｅll and Ｉcan't.7. Iｔ用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟ｉt之后(exｃept ｔｈａt例外）例I＇m for it thａt you wilｌｆoｌｌoｗtｈeirａｄviｃｅ.五、强调句型Ｉt is/was+被强调部分+ tｈａt(who)…强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。
当被强调部分是人时也可以用ｗho．在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句例Wｈen ｗas it that he chａngeｄｈiｓmind toｔake ｐart ｉn the aｃｔｉvｉty?２. 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由becausｅ所引导的从句例It wａｓbecaｕse he was ill tｈat he ｄidｎ't cｏme to scｈooｌｙesterday.3. 在强调not …uｎtｉl结构时必须把not与ｕntil一起放到被强调的位置上例Ｉtｗａs not until sｈe tｏok oｆf hｅrｄark ｇｌａsｓeｓｔhａt I realiｚed she ｗas ｍy ｂｒother．4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别例It was at ７o'ｃlｏcｋthat he cａｍe heｒe yｅsterday．( 强调句型)Ｉt ｗａｓ7o＇cloｃk when he caｍe hｅre yestｅｒdaｙ.（定语从句）六、Iｔ常用的固定搭配1. make ｉt（1)在口语当中相当于suｃｃeed，表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例Ｉt'ｓhard to mａke it to tｈe ｔｏp in show busiｎeｓｓ.（2）在口语中相当于fｉx the dａte for,表示“约定好时间”例—Shaｌｌｗe mｅｅt neｘｔweｅｋ？—OK. We jｕst make ｉｔｎｅｘt Satｕrday．2. as it is(1）相当于in fact,in reａｌity表示“事实上,实际情况是……”例We had planed tｏfiniｓh the tａsk today，buｔas ｉt is weｐｒobably won't fi ｎiｓｈｉｔunｔil nｅｘt weｅk.（2)相当于方式状语从句,表示“照原样”例Leave the tablｅas it ｉs.3.ａｓit were相当于as one mｉght saｙ，that is tｏsaｙ，表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例Hｅis,as ｉt were，a ｍodｅrｎＳhｅｒlｏck Holmeｓ.４.ｉf ｉt werｅn't ｆoｒ…/if it haｄn＇t been ｆor…用来引导虚拟语气,相当于wiｔｈｏuｔ，or ｂｕｔｆor，表示“如果不是……,要不是……”例Ifｉt wｅren't ｆoｒTom,I wouldn't be aliｖe toｄay.5.thaｔ＇s ｉt(1)相当于Ｔhat＇s aｌl.Ｔhat＇s so much. 表示“至此为止，没有别的了”例Yoｕcan have one more sweet,ａnd thaｔ's it.(2）相当于Ｔhａｔ's right.表示“对啦”例—Ｉguess the keｙto tｈe probｌeｍis thｅchｏｉｃe “Ａ”—Thaｔ's it.6. cａtch ｉｔ在口语中,相当于be pｕniｓhed／sｃｏlded ｆｏr ｄｏinｇsth.wｒong. 表示“因做错事而挨骂,受责备,受批评，受惩罚”例Ｗe＇lｌreａllｙcatcｈiｔform our tｅacher if we're laｔｅfｏr clａｓs again．７. ｈavｅit（１)相当于sａy，ｉnsisｔ表示“说，主张,表明，硬说”例Rumour hａs ｉt that ｔhey ａre getting divoｒｃed．(2)相当于ｇet tｏknow ｓｏmethｉng，表示“了解,知道,获悉”例I had it fromＪｏhn ｔｈａtｓhe ｗａs ｇoing abroad.8. have what it taｋｅｓ在口语中，相当于bｅwell qualｉｆiｅdｆor，表示“具有成功的条件”例Yoｕcan takｅit froｍme ｔhaｔyouｒdaughter ｈasｗｈat ｉt ｔａkeｓto bｅa star.9. ｓo it seemｓ／apｐears.1０. Ｋeep aｔit!(Doｎ'ｔgｉve ｕp！)相当于go on,表示“继续做，不放弃”例Ｍy teａcher asked mｅto kｅep ａt it.１１. Go it！（Go on！）拼命干,莽撞１2. Now yoｕhavｅdｏnｅit!（Yoｕｈaｖe doｎe ｓｔh. wｒonｇ.）13．Noｗyou'll cａtcｈit!（Ｙou'lｌbe ｐunｉshed.)1４. As it haｐpｅｎed,…在口语中,相当于it's a piｔy thaｔ…,表示“真不凑巧,真遗憾”例As ｉt happｅｎｅd,tｈey were ｏｕt.15. As ｉｔtuｒnｅd out,…在口语中,相当于ｉt ｗas ｆouｎd tｏbｅiｎthe end,表示“最后被证明是”例As it tｕrｎed ouｔ，hｉs statement wasｆalse.16．Such aｓit is(tｈeｙaｒe)在口语中，相当于althouｇh itｍay not be ｗoｒth much,表示“虽然没有多大价值”例You caｎborrow my exａｍnｏｔｅbｏｏk,ｓucｈas it is．1７.Take it/thingｓeａsy.相当于Dｏn'ｔworrｙｏr don'ｔhurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心,存住气”例Taｋe ｉｔeａsy！He wｉll dｏiｔwell.18．Take it fｒｏm ｍe.在口语中，相当于belｉeve me whatＩsaｙ.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保”例Yoｕcan take ｉt from me that he will ｍａｋe iｔthis tiｍｅ.１9. For whａt itｉs worｔh…在口语中，相当于althougｈI'mｎoｔsure it's ofｖaluｅ，表示“不管其价值如何”例Ｈere is the article I promise yｏｕ,for ｗｈａt ｉｔ's woｒth．20．Ｗoｒth ｉｔ在口语中，相当于uｓｅfｕl，表示“有好处,值得做”例Ｄon't ｈesｉtatｅaboｕt iｔ！It'ｓwortｈit.２1. Bｅlｉevｅiｔor noｔ.表示“信不信由你”例Beliｅve it or nｏt，Ｔｏm is gettiｎg marｒｉｅd to Maｒy next Sunday.２2. Takｅiｔor leａvｅｉt. v. 要么接受要么放弃例Ｔhａt is my laｓｔoffeｒ. You caｎtaｋe it or ｌeave it．2３. It all depenｄs/tｈaｔall depends在口语中,相当于it ｈaｓn't ｂeeｎｄeｃiｄed ｙet，表示“那得看情况,还没有定下来”例—Ａｒe you gｏｉng ｔo the counｔrｙside fｏr ｈolｉdａy?—It/Thaｔaｌl deｐends．2４.Iｔ＇ｓｕp tｏsb.在口语中，相当于ｉt's decideｄｂy sb. 表示“由……决定，由……负责,取决于……”例—Ｓｈall we ｇo out for dｉnner?—It＇s ｕp to ｙｏu。