状语从句一：状语从句的定义、功能、分类定义：在复合句中作状语的从句功能：状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，或整个主句分类：按意义可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等状语从句。

位置：从句的位置放在句首，也可放在句末。

放在句首时，从句后面常用一个逗号，放在句末时，从句前一般不用逗号。

二：考点与难点1、各种从属连词的含义及用法比较；2、no matter wh- 与wh-ever 引导的从句的区别；3、状语从句的时态问题；4、状语从句倒装及省略；5、状语从句与其它从句的区别。

三：九种常见状语从句用法1. 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词1）.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、once, as soon as, etc.2）. 名词类the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant,etc. (一…就…); every time, each time, the last time, the first time, the day, the year, the morning etc.3）. 副词类：immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一...就...)4）.句型类：no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…)注意：1. when, as, whileWhen ①when表示时间点时，从句中用短暂性动词；表示时间段时，用持续性动词。

Eg:. When they were still talking and laughing, the teacher came in. （when表示段时间）2). He waved a hello when he saw her.（when表示点时间）②. 可用作并列连词，其意义为“这时,突然”，相当于and then suddenly。

常用于下列句式：be doing / be about to do sth/ be on the point of doing / have/had done + when Eg.1). I was about to go out when the door bell rang.2). One evening I was having my dinner when an unexpected friend knocked my door.③. 还可以表示原因,意思是“既然”，相当于since; considering thatEg. 1). It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes .2). How can he get good grades when he won't study?While ①while通常表示一段时间，从句中常用持续性动词作谓语。

Eg: Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。

②while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成“然而……”。

Eg: 1). I am fond of English while he likes maths.③while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”。

Eg. While they love the children, they are strict with them.As ①表示一边……一边……，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。

eg: She is singing a song as she took a bath.②as表示随着eg: As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.2. till, until和not…until1）until /till用于肯定句时，表示直到…为止，主句必须为持续性动词。

eg: We shall wait until / till he comes back.2）Not……until/till表示直到……才，主句通常要用短暂性动词。

eg: People do not know the value of their health till/ until they lose it.3) 当not until位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。

eg: 直到那时，我才知道我错了。

Not until then did I know I was wrong.3. before：1．We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. “……才2．We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. “不到……就”3．Please write it down before you forget it. “趁……”4．Before I could remember a word, he had checked me. “还没来得及”5. 句型It will be/was＋段时间＋before…“还要过多久才……”如：还有2年他才离国。

It will be two years before he leaves the country.6. 句型It will be/was not＋一段时间＋before…“没过多久就……”。

如：没过2年他就离国了It wasn’t two years before he left the country.4．since, ever since1．Since：自……以来。

表示动作从过去某一点时间一直延续到说话时间为止。

主句中通常为现在完成时，从句中一般用一般过去时。

Eg: 1). 自从我上次见你，你到哪里去了Where have you been since I last saw you。

2．ever since 从那时起直至现在，此后一直。

Eg: He has been sad ever since the death of his wife.2). 从她小时候起，她就一直在集邮。

Since she was young, she has been collecting stamps. 句型It is/has been＋段时间＋since…Eg: 1). It’s two years since he was a college student.他大学毕业已有两年了2). It has been just a week since we arrived here. 我们到那里有一个星期了。

5. “一……就……”表达法：1) as soon as...Eg.一下课我就去厕所I went to the toilet as soon as the class was over.2) Immediately，instantly ，directlyEg:他一到家马上就给她打了电话。

They phoned her immediately they reached home.3) the moment, the minute, the instant, the secondEg: 1).他说他一回家就开电视。

He said he‘d turn on TV the moment he got home.2). 告诉他他一回来我就要见他。

Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives.4).hardly / scarcely……when, no sooner……than主句通常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。

当hardly, scarcely, no sooner位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。

Eg: 他刚出发就想起家来。

He had no sooner started out than he felt homesick.No sooner had he started out than he felt homesick.6..next time, the first time, the last time, every time 等eg: 1). 下次你进城一定来看我们。

Be sure to call on us next time you come to town.2). 我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象He left me a good impression the first time I met him.3). 我每次见到他，他都是一付痛苦的表情Every time I see him he looks miserable.4).上一次我见到他时，他看上去很开心。

The last time I spoke to Bob, he seemed very happy.7.by the timeby the tine 也可以引导时间状语从句，意为”到……时为止“，主句一般要用完成时态。

Eg: 1). By the time he was fourteen, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by himself.爱因斯坦到十四岁时就自学完了高等数学。

(从句为一般过去时，主句要用过去完成时) 2). 在你回来之前我将会做完我的活儿。

I shall have finished my work by the time you return. 反馈训练一：翻译下列句子1. 趁着还没忘记的时候就记录下来2. 我坚持不断地努力直到获得成功。

3. 随着时间一年一年过去，中国变得越来越富强了。

4. 我们刚开始就被叫停。

5. 下次你来的时候，就会见到他。

二、条件状语从句条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句。

条件状语从句分为真实条件状语从句和非真实条件状语从句。

引导条件状语从句的有if, unless, so/ as long as, as so far as, on condition that, in case, suppose, supposing(that), provided(that), providing(that)等。

条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。