期末论文文档要求
首页
格式
编号
论文题目 （确切）
标题 3号
1、2、3、4
组员信息： 文章 小四或5 1.1
姓名、班级、 号
1.2
学号
1.3
分工：
资料检索、 论文写作、 ppt制作、演 讲及回答问 题
一级或二级 标题 小四加 粗
1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3
行间距1.25、 一级标题前 空一行
图、表 标题5号
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3） Euphemistic words and phrases
科学论文不同于写小说，不要用带 感情色彩的词 Died ----passed away × ----Subject Mortal √ consequences from
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3） Singular and plural forms
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3 end）
Numbers
One digit numbers should be spelled out; mubers of two or more digits should be expressed as numerals. （一位数拼两位数 写）
Exception1): 带标准单位的，用 数字形式.
was achieved (Inappropriate) × The equations were transfromed. √ 2）nouns as adjectives
e.g. My parents sent me to a child psychiatrist. 除了固有的用法，不要用名词作定语； 避免歧义
内容 格式 语句时态 用词准确性
Introduction（规 3）
The purpose of this part is to introduce the paper.要吸引读者注意
1）clearly definition of the problem 2) literature review and choice of
规
Methods
Results Dis来自ussion Reference
Title（规 1）
简明、确切，不要太长、太笼统 英文题名可省去冠词和不定冠词 不应列入非公知的符号、代号。
Abstract（规 2）
内容：目的、方法、结果、结论 长度：100~150字 英文摘要非常关键
exists, ‘while’ is correct; other wise, ‘whereas’ woud be better choice.”Nero fiddled while Rome burned”is fine. “Nero fiddled while we wrote a paper about TLS” is not.
found/proved that ” 尽量少用被动语态
Example:“the authors found” instead of ”it was found”
Exception: Methods part
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3）
Each/every Example
1）If I had a dollar for every mistake I have made, how much would I have?
Present tense: Introduction and part of Discussion.
Tense in scientific writing (矩1.2)
Whenever you state previously published knowledge or findings, ethics requires you to treat the work with respect. You do this by using present tense.
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3）
Which /that
The word ‘which ’is properly used in a ‘nonrestrictive’ sense. ”that” introduces an essential clause.
While . When a time relationship
method 3) principle results and conclusions. 此外，引言的一个重要作用就是定义、
解释一些专有名词，并写出缩写。
Methods （规 4）
1) detailed description of the used methods. 采用的方法的详细描述
The answer is one dollar. 2） If I had a dollar for each mistake I have made, how much would I have?
I would be a millionaire.
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3）
It This common, useful pronoun
Incorrect ---“data is’’
Data is a plural word Singular---datum
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3） Noun problems
1)abstract nouns(抽象名词尽量不用) e.g. Transformation of the equations
常见的用词和句法错误（矩3）
Like. Often used incorrectly as
a conjunction. Should be used only as a preposition. When a conjunction is needed, substitute “as”. “Like I just said” × “As I just said” √
结论的依据。 Discussion与Introduction是对应的关 系，discussion answers what the introduction asked.
Reference（规7）
引用文献中书刊的层次、数量、 出版年份要仔细挑选核实，因为 它可反映论文的学术水平和创新 程度
应遵循GB 7714-87《文后参考文 献著录规则》和《中国学术期刊 （光盘版）检索与评价数据规范 》
何为规、矩？如何成方圆？
《管子·形势解》：“以规矩为方 圜则成，以尺寸量长短则得。”

规
矩
Scientific Paper
英文写作的 “矩”
时态 语态 常见的用词及句法错误
Tense in scientific writing (矩1.1)
Past tense: Abstract; Materials and Methods; Results
2）present the data 3) 要求简洁，但要指代清楚.
Discussion （规 6）
1) 写结果所表现出的一般化原理、关 系，注意是讨论而不是概括
2）不足之处，没有考虑的问题，不 要遮掩,不要夸大
3) 与相关其他研究的对比 4）理论、实际应用价值 5）清晰的重申结论，并总结每一条
You would do this as you would say ‘The earth is round’ .
Your own present work must be referred to in the past tense.
语态
(矩2)
Active versus passive voice Active voice : “I”, ”We”… Passive voice: “it was
无规矩不成方圆
How to Write a Scientific Paper
何为规、矩？如何成方圆？
《管子·形势解》：“以规矩为方 圜则成，以尺寸量长短则得。”

规
矩
Scientific Paper
Parts of a scientific paper
Title
Abstract
Introduction
2）why to use this method? 3）Measurements and analysis 4) references
Results （规 5）
1)关于试验的整体描述，但不要重复前面的 细节信息
Example:It is clearly show in table 1 that the STLSC algorithm produced much smaller areal difference than other methods. × The STLSC algorithm produced much smaller areal difference than other methods(Table 1) √
can cause a problem if an antecedent is not clear. e.g. “Free information about VD. To get it, call 555-7000.” Only . It must be placed correctly. “I (only) hit (only) him (only) in the eye (only) yesterday.” Quite. 尽量不用 Varying. Means “changing”!= various
Excepion 2) :一句出现多个数字， 要统一
Summary
Title abstract Introduction Methods Results Discussion