宾语从句的讲解一．宾语从句的定义在句中充当宾语的句子是宾语从句。

例如：I hope that I can see you again one day. 我希望有一天我能再见到你。

例句中，动词hope后跟宾语从句，充当hope的宾语，引导词是that。

二．不同引导词引导的宾语从句（一）由that引导的宾语从句that引导的宾语从句为陈述句。

that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，无实意，所以在口语中常被省略。

例：I told him (that）he was wrong.我告诉他他错了。

试一试：我希望你明天可以来。

______________________________________________我敢肯定你会通过这个考试。

________________________________________注意：在think, believe, suppose, 等动词引起的宾语从句中，当宾语从句表示否定时，本身不用否定形式，否定需要前置。

例如：我认为你做的不对I don’t think that you are right.试一试：They believe. They won’t lose the game. (合成一句)____________________________________________________________I think that we will be late. (改为否定句)_____________________________________________________________(二) 由if/whether引导的宾语从句由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。

if/whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

而且从句原来的疑问语序要成陈述语序。

例如: I don’t know if/whether he lives here.例句中，if/whether 引导从句he lives here。

（从句原来的疑问式是Does he live here?变成陈述式，将助动词does去掉，动词保持原有的单三形式lives）试一试：Are you a student? (变为陈述式)_________________________________Does your mother get to work by bus? （变为陈述式）_________________________Has he finished his homework? （变为陈述式）_________________________________ Did they go to the park yesterday?（变为陈述式）______________________________I wonder. Will they come to my party? (合成一句：我想知道他们是否会来。

)__________________________________________________I don’t know. Has he learned English? (合成一句：我不知道他是否学过英语。

)_____________________________________________________The teacher asks us. Did we finish our homework?( 合成一句：老师问我们是否完成了作业。

) ________________________________________________________注意：1.只能用whether，不能用if的情况①在介词的后面例句：I’m thinking about whether we should go to see the film.我正在考虑我们是否该去看电影。

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我感兴趣的是他是否喜欢英语。

②与or not连用时例句：I don’t know whether I have learned this word or not.我不知道我是否学过这个单词。

③在带to的不定式前例句：We decided whether to walk there. 我们决定了是否步行去那里。

I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

2.区别“如果if 和是否if ”如果if，引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现等规则；是否if引导宾语从句。

I don’t know if they ___________ (come) tomorrow. If they _______(come)tomorrow, I will call you.(三) 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句特殊疑问词充当引导词时，在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中有一定的含义。

同时也要注意从句要从疑问语序变成陈述语序。

例如：Do you know when he will come back? 你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？例句中，从句when he will come back 为陈述语序，原来的疑问语序是when will he come back?试一试：How did you get to school? （变陈述语序）____________________________________ Where has he been? （变陈述语序）____________________________________I don’t know. What are they looking for?（合成一句）_________________________________________________________He asks me. When does the train usually leave? （合成一句）__________________________________________________________三．宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句：The headmaster hopes that everything goes well.The headmaster hopes that we will win the game.I don’t know who came here just now.I don’t know if he has finished his homework.2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去的某种形式。

例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.I didn’t know if he had finished his homework.The headmaster hoped that we would win the game.注意：当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。

例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.四．宾语从句的语序前面的用法中已经介绍到了，无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语＋谓语＋……”的句式。

注意一些特殊情况：1.引导词本身就是主语, 多为what 或who 或whose引导的从句例如：I wonder who is in the room.（who 在从句中本身就充当主语）Can you tell me whose book is on the desk? （whose book 在从句中本身就充当主语）He asked me who helped us. （who 在从句中本身就充当主语）2. 句型what’s the matter ，what’s the trouble等常被看成陈述语序，不变。

We don’t know what’s the matter with her.五．宾语从句转化为简单句1. 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，如果主句和从句的主语一致时，可以转化成“特殊疑问词+ to do”。

例如：I don’t know how I can learn English well. → _______________________________He wonder when he should attend the meeting. → ______________________________2. 当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为v. + to do的结构。

例如：Li Ming hopes he will be back ver y soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.We decided that we would help him. →____________________________________3. 当主句的谓语动词是tell, order（命令）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为v.+ sb. to do的结构。

例如：The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered usto start at once.My mother told me that I couldn’t go out. → _________________________________4.动词see, hear, find等词后面的宾语从句可转化为“v+ sb. doing的结构。

例如：Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found awallet lying on the ground.I heard that a bird was singing in the tree. → _____________________________5. 动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化.It seems that he is unhappy. → He seems to be unhappy.It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed t o win.6. 动词find后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简单句I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →_____________________________They found that the box was very heavy. →___________________________________附: 直接引语变间接引语的用法【概念】直接引语是指直接引用别人的原话，通常置于引号之内。