系统说明：本人想用STC12C5A60S2自带的A/D对电源电压进行检测（暂定3.3V），晶振：12M，电压从P1.0口输入，检测后的电压值在1602上进行显示，附上硬件大致原理图，硬件部分是照STC12C5A60S2芯片资料上设计，大家看看有错没？硬件原理简图(原文件名:clip_image001.gif)程序的A/D部分也是从官网资料上搬下来的，只自己稍微改了一下对读取到的A/D转换结果的数据处理，液晶部分是前阵子写的搬过来的。

大家帮我看看哪出问题了？程序如下：#include<reg51.h>#include "intrins.h"#define uchar unsigned char#define uint unsigned intuchar Vo; //A/D转换后换算的电压值/*Declare SFR associated with the ADC */sfr ADC_CONTR = 0xBC; //ADC control registersfr ADC_RES = 0xBD; //ADC high 8-bit result registersfr ADC_RESL = 0xBE;//sfr ADC_LOW2 = 0xBE; //ADC low 2-bit result registersfr P1ASF = 0x9D; //P1 secondary function control register/*Define ADC operation const for ADC_CONTR*/#define ADC_POWER 0x80 //ADC power control bit#define ADC_FLAG 0x10 //ADC complete flag 模数转换结束标志位#define ADC_START 0x08 //ADC start control bit 模数转换启动控制位//转换速度控制位SPEED0和SPEED1，共四种状态，对应四种转换速度#define ADC_SPEEDLL 0x00 //540 clocks#define ADC_SPEEDL 0x20 //360 clocks#define ADC_SPEEDH 0x40 //180 clocks#define ADC_SPEEDHH 0x60 //90 clocksuchar tCount;sbit RS = P0^4;sbit RW = P0^5;sbit EN = P0^6;void DelayMS(uint ms){uint i;while(ms--){for(i=0;i<120;i++);}}/*----------------------------Software delay function----------------------------*/void Delay(uint n){uint x;while (n--){x = 5000;while (x--);}}/*----------------------------Initial ADC sfr----------------------------*/void InitADC(){P1ASF = 0x01; //选择P1.0作为A/D输入通道ADC_RES = 0; //清0ADC_CONTR = ADC_POWER | ADC_SPEEDLL; //0x10|0x00=0x10:开电源和设置A/D转换速度Delay(2); //ADC power-on and delay}/*----------------------------Get ADC result----------------------------*/uchar GetADCResult(uchar ch){ADC_CONTR = ADC_POWER | ADC_SPEEDLL | ch | ADC_START;//0x00|0x00|ch|0x08:选择A/D输入通道，开始A/D转换_nop_(); //Must wait before inquiry ，_nop_(); //设置ADC_CONTR寄存器后需加4个CPU时钟周期的延时，才能保证值被写入ADC_CONTR寄存器_nop_();_nop_();while (!(ADC_CONTR & ADC_FLAG));//Wait complete flagADC_CONTR &= ~ADC_FLAG; //Close ADCVo=ADC_RES*5*10/256; //Return ADC result（为显示整数，这里将电压值扩大了十倍）return Vo;}uchar Read_LCD_State(){uchar state;RS=0;RW=1;EN=1;DelayMS(1);state=P2;EN = 0;DelayMS(1);return state;}void LCD_Busy_Wait(){while((Read_LCD_State()&0x80)==0x80);DelayMS(5);}void Write_LCD_Data(uchar dat) //写数据到1602{LCD_Busy_Wait();RS=1;RW=0;EN=0;P2=dat;EN=1;DelayMS(1);EN=0;}void Write_LCD_Command(uchar cmd) //写命令{LCD_Busy_Wait();RS=0;RW=0;EN=0;P2=cmd;EN=1;DelayMS(1);EN=0;}void Init_LCD() //1602 初始化{Write_LCD_Command(0x38);DelayMS(1);Write_LCD_Command(0x01); //清屏DelayMS(1);Write_LCD_Command(0x06); //DelayMS(1);Write_LCD_Command(0x0c);DelayMS(1);}void Set_LCD_POS(uchar p){Write_LCD_Command(p|0x80);}void Display_LCD_String(uchar p,uchar *s) //1602显示{uchar i;Set_LCD_POS(p);for(i=0;i<16;i++){Write_LCD_Data(s);DelayMS(1);}}void Format_DateTime(uchar d,uchar *a){a[0]=d/10+'0';a[1]=d%10+'0';}//写入液晶第二行void display(uchar add,uchar date){uchar shi,ge;shi=date/10+'0';ge=date%10+'0';Write_LCD_Command(0x80+0x40+add);Write_LCD_Data(shi);Write_LCD_Data(ge);}//写入液晶第一行void display1(uchar add,uchar date){uchar shi,ge;shi=date/10;ge=date%10;Write_LCD_Command(0x80+add);Write_LCD_Data(0x30+shi); //0x30即48（十进制）对应的ASCAII码为字符‘0’ Write_LCD_Data(0x30+ge);}void main(){Init_LCD();InitADC();while (1){GetADCResult(0);Display_LCD_String(0,"dianya:");display1(7,Vo);Display_LCD_String(9,"V ");DelayMS(1000);}}程序二：* 文件名：AD_CAIYANG.C* 功能：使用AD采集电压显示在LCD* 说明：转自网络，本人验证通过****************************************************************************/ #include<STC12C5A60S2.H>#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned charsbit CS=P2^0; //LCD12864串行通信片选sbit SID=P2^1; //LCD12864串行通信数据口sbit SCLK=P2^2; //LCD12864串行通信同步时钟信号sbit PSB=P2^5; //LCD12864并/串选择:H并行 L串行unsigned int temp1,sh1,ge1,n1,m1;unsigned char ad_result_data[10]; //AD转换高八位unsigned char ad_result_low2[10]; //AD转换低八位unsigned char ad_result_total[10]; //AD转换总十位unsigned char ad_average_result; //AD转换十次的平均值unsigned char Ain,Vin;unsigned char b,t,R;char tp=0;unsigned char code ma1[6]={0xb5,0xe7,0xd1,0xb9,0xa1,0xc3}; //电压:unsigned char code ma2[]={"."};uchar code disp1[]={"提示: 按1 键进入"};uchar code disp2[]={"功能选择界面. "};unsigned char code num0[]={0xa3,0xb0};unsigned char code num1[]={0xa3,0xb1};unsigned char code num2[]={0xa3,0xb2};unsigned char code num3[]={0xa3,0xb3};unsigned char code num4[]={0xa3,0xb4};unsigned char code num5[]={0xa3,0xb5};unsigned char code num6[]={0xa3,0xb6};unsigned char code num7[]={0xa3,0xb7};unsigned char code num8[]={0xa3,0xb8};unsigned char code num9[]={0xa3,0xb9};//-------模块延时程序---------------------------- 1msvoid delay1ms(uint delay1ms) //STC11F60XE,22.1184M,延时1ms{uint i,j;for(;delay1ms>0;delay1ms--)for(i=0;i<7;i++)for(j=0;j<210;j++);}void delay(uint delay) //STC11F60XE,22.1184M,延时170us{uint i,j;for(;delay>0;delay--)for(i=0;i<124;i++);for(j=0;j<124;j++);}/*******************************************************AD转换程序*******************************************************/void AD_initiate() //初始化函数{ES=0;TMOD=0x21; //定时计数器方式控制寄存器,"自动重装,16位计数器".SCON=0x50; //串行控制寄存器,方便在串口助手那观察TH1=0xfa;TL1=0xfa;TR1=1;}void ADC_Power_On() //AD转换电{ADC_CONTR|=0x80;delay(5); //必要的延时}void get_ad_result() //取AD结果函数,它是十位AD转换，每十次平均，最后取低八位作为AD采样数据{uint i,q=0;for(i=0;i<10;i++){tp=0;ADC_RES=0; //高八位数据清零,STC12C5A60S2 AD数据寄存名与STC12C54××系列不同ADC_RESL=0; //低两位清零ADC_CONTR|=0x08; //启动AD转换while(!tp) //判断AD转换是否完成{tp=0x10;tp&=ADC_CONTR;}ADC_CONTR&=0xe7;ad_average_result=ADC_RES;q=q+ad_average_result;}ad_average_result=q/10;//ad_average_result=ad_average_result*4*5000/1024;}/************************AD转换结束***********************/void send_ad_result() //取AD结果函数发送到串口,方便调试{SBUF=n1;while(TI==0) ;TI=0;delay1ms(100);//SBUF=R>>4;}//---------------------电压采样程序-------------------------void caiyangP10() //测电压{P1M0|=0x01; //设P1_0为开漏模式如： P1_0= #00000000BP1M1|=0x01;ADC_CONTR=0xe0; //设置P1.0为输入AD转换口delay(2);get_ad_result(); //取转换数据Vin=ad_average_result;R=Vin;}/*-----------写控制字到LCD12864------------*/void write_cmd(uchar cmd){uchar i;uchar i_data;i_data=0xf8; //命令控制字:11111000写指令 11111010写数据 11111100读状态 11111110读数据CS=1; //片选置高，才能进行读写操作SCLK=0;/*----------写命令控制字-----------------*/for(i=0;i<8;i++) //循环八次，每次读取一位数据{SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80); //bit表示取其最高位SCLK=0;SCLK=1; //正跳变写入指令i_data=i_data<<1; //左移一位}/*---------------------------------------*//*----------写指令高四位-----------------*/i_data=cmd;i_data=i_data&0xf0; //把低四位置0for(i=0;i<8;i++) //循环八次，每次读取一位数据{SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80); //bit表示取其最高位SCLK=0;SCLK=1; //正跳变写入指令i_data=i_data<<1; //左移一位}/*---------------------------------------*//*----------写指令低四位-----------------*/i_data=cmd;i_data=i_data<<4; //左移四位，把低四位的数据移到高四位，再把低四位置0 for(i=0;i<8;i++) //循环八次，每次读取一位数据{SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80); //bit表示取其最高位SCLK=0;SCLK=1; //正跳变写入指令i_data=i_data<<1; //左移一位}/*-----------------------------------------*/CS=0; //把片选置低delay1ms(5); //延时是因为没有进行忙检测，适当的延时可以不进行忙检测}/*-----------------------------------------*//*------------写数据到LCD12864-------------*/void write_dat(uchar dat){uchar i;uchar i_data;i_data=0xfa;CS=1;for(i=0;i<8;i++){SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80);SCLK=0;SCLK=1;i_data=i_data<<1;}i_data=dat;i_data=i_data&0xf0;for(i=0;i<8;i++){SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80);SCLK=0;SCLK=1;i_data=i_data<<1;}i_data=dat;i_data=i_data<<4;for(i=0;i<8;i++){SID=(bit)(i_data&0x80);SCLK=0;SCLK=1;i_data=i_data<<1;}CS=0;delay1ms(5);}/*-----------------------------------------*//*--------------显示坐标-------------------*/void lcd_pos(uchar x,uchar y) //汉字显示坐标，x为哪一行，y为哪一列{uchar pos;if(x==0)x=0x80; //第一行else if(x==1)x=0x90; //第二行else if(x==2)x=0x88; //第三行else if(x==3)x=0x98; //第四行pos=x+y; //显示哪一行(总共有4行)哪一竖（总共有8竖，每16列为1竖）write_cmd(pos);}/*-----------------------------------------*//*--------------显示8个汉字-------------------*/void disp_hanzi(uchar code *chn){uchar i;write_cmd(0x30); //基本指令操作方式for(i=0;i<16;i++) //16列*8个汉字=128（刚好)write_dat(chn[i]);}/*-----------------------------------------*//*--------------显示数字-------------------*/void disp_num(uchar code *chn){uchar i;write_cmd(0x30); //基本指令操作方式for(i=0;i<2;i++) //1个数字write_dat(chn[i]);}void disp_number(uchar num){switch(num){case 0: disp_num(num0);break;case 1: disp_num(num1);break;case 2: disp_num(num2);break;case 3: disp_num(num3);break;case 4: disp_num(num4);break;case 5: disp_num(num5);break;case 6: disp_num(num6);break;case 7: disp_num(num7);break;case 8: disp_num(num8);break;case 9: disp_num(num9);break;default: break;}}/*----------- --LCD初始化------------------*/void lcd_init(){PSB=0;write_cmd(0x30); //基本指令write_cmd(0x02); //地址归位write_cmd(0x06); //游标右移write_cmd(0x0c); //整体显示write_cmd(0x01); //清屏}/*-----------------------------------------*/void displayP10(){float ad1;//unsigned int temp1,sh1,ge1,n1,m1;//uchar code dis2[]={0x01,0x02,0x00};//ad1=x*7.8125; //电压修正uchar i;ad1=Vin*3.9608; //具体线性参数由输入电压值调整，该值的测量范围为0-10.00V，5V 左右的测量比较准确，//两端的最大误差为70mv，其他一般在40mv以内temp1=(int)ad1;sh1=temp1/1000; //十位ge1=(temp1%1000)/100; //个位n1=((temp1%1000)%100)/10; //小数点后一位m1=((temp1%1000)%100)%10; //小数点后二位//write_cmd(0x01);write_cmd(0x30); //基本指令操作方式lcd_pos(0,0);for(i=0;i<6;i++) write_dat(ma1[i]);lcd_pos(0,3);disp_number(sh1);lcd_pos(0,4);disp_number(ge1);lcd_pos(0,5);for(i=0;i<2;i++) write_dat(ma2[i]);lcd_pos(0,6);disp_number(n1);lcd_pos(0,7);disp_number(m1);/*lcd_pos(2,0);disp_hanzi(disp1);lcd_pos(3,0);disp_hanzi(disp2);*/}void main(){EA=1;AD_initiate(); //初始化ADC_Power_On(); //开AD电源//init();lcd_init();delay(10);while(1){caiyangP10(); //测电压 send_ad_result();//Vin=Vin*4007;displayP10();delay(10);}}。