S V IO DO
6. W__e k_e_e_p_ t_h_e_t_a_b_le_ c_le_a_n_.
SV O C
7. T__h_e_y w__o_r_k hard.
SV
8. T_h_e__fl_o_w_e_r_i_s d_e_a_d_.
S VP 9. P_l_a_n_t_s n__ee_d_ w__a_te_r.
说明主语“做什么”、 “是什么”或者“怎 么样”。
也就是做了什么行为 动作或处于什么状态。
谓语（谓语部分里主 要的词）用动词。
宾语Object :
表示动作、行为的 对象。
也就是动作的接受 者。
一般由名词、代词 或相当于名词的词 或短语等充当。
什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!
及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drank / eat /…
1. They work hard.
S+V
2. The flower is dead. S + V + P
3. Plants need water. S + V + O
4. He gives me some seeds. S + V + IO + DO
5. We should keep the plants in the shade. S + V + O+ C
(B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand
She lent me a book.
也可以改为 to sb. 的句式 She lent a book to me.
S VO
10._H_e_ g_i_v_e_s _m_e_ s_o_m__e_s_e_e_d_s.
S V IO DO
11. W__e_s_h_o_u_l_d_k__ee_p_ t_h_e_p_l_a_n_t_s i_n_t_h_e__sh__a_d_e.
SV
O
C
12. M__a_n_y__a_n_i_m_a_l_s l_i_v_e in trees.
•S V
O
C
划分句子成分:
1. M__y__s_is_t_er i_s a_n_u__rs_e_.
S
VP
2. T__h_e_y a_r_e__d_r_in_k_i_n_g_.
S
V
3. T_h__ey_ a_r_e_d_r_i_n_k_i_n_g t_ea_.
S
V
O
4. T_h__e_o_ld__m__a_n w_a_l_k_s in the park.
I
saw
We heard
They eat
He drank
him the bad news bread a glass of milk
last week. yesterday. every day. just now.
不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look
/ listen / …
简单句的五种基本类型
•We call him Xiao Liu.
•S V O C
•The news made me happy.
•
S
V OC
•He keeps his hand behind his back.
•S V
O
C
•The story made us laugh.
•
S
V OC
•He heard somebody opening the door.
他们放风筝。 They fly the kites.
风筝在天上飞。 The kites fly in the sky.
She teaches us.
She teaches English.
She teaches us English.
及物 动词
She told me a story.
He gave me a present.
2. T__h_e_y a_r_e__d_r_in_k_i_n_g_.
S
V
3. T_h__ey_ a_r_e_d_r_i_n_k_i_n_g t_ea_.
S
V
O
4. T_h__e_o_ld__m__a_n w_a_l_k_s inS__h_e p_a_s_s_e_d h_i_m_ t_h_e_s_a_l_t.
按结构分
一个完整的简单句由 “主语部分+谓语部分”构成
The man is a teacher.
主语部分
谓语部分
He
主语部分
works hard.
谓语部分
He
主语部分
teaches English well.
谓语部分
哲学上说: 运动是绝对的 静止是相对的
造句的关键就在于动词
一般而言,每个句子都应该有个 动词( 除了省略句外 )
ask / tell / want / allow / wish / get / expect / encourage / invite / teach
sb. to do sth.
find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel
sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.
help sb. (to) do sth.
hope和welcome 比较特殊－－我们可以说:
I hope to visit your school.
I hope that you can visit our school.
I wish you to visit our school.
Welcome to visit our school.
He likes basketball game.
及物 动词
He is playing the guitar now.
He plays computer games every day.
主谓宾结构（SVO） =主语+谓语+宾语
He played soccer yesterda y.
有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：
He told me to clean my room.
I saw her dancing.
Our teacher asks us to read English every day.
及物 动词
主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC） =主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语
可以用于这种句式的动词主要有 let / make sb. do sth.
The girl (__语)
is (__词)
is (__词)
a very good girl . (___语)
very good. (___语)
[2] 主谓型
<1>______式: They ‖ laughed.
The kites ‖ fly in the sky.
(__语) (__词)
(__语) (__词)
连系 动词
be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /…是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / …看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow / …变得
表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。
nice.
turn
green.
sounds
good.
They are good.
主语
连系动词
表语
狗 主语
咬 谓语
人。 宾语
人 主语
咬 谓语
狗。 宾语
主语Subject :
表示句子所说的是 “什么人”或“什么 事物” 。
也就是动作的发出者。
一般由名词、代词或 相当于名词、代词的 词或短语等充当。
谓语Predicate :
a very good girl . (表语)
very good. (表语)
keys
[2] 主谓型 <1>主谓式: They ‖ laughed.
(主语) (谓语动词)
The kites ‖ fly in the sky. (主语) (谓语动词)
<2>______式: I ‖ bought a new bike. He ‖ plays volleyball.
(__语) (__词) (__语)
(__语) (__词) (__语)
<3>______式: She ‖ told me a story.
He ‖ gave me a good
book.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__语) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)
<4>______式 He ‖ asked me to help him. He ‖ made me happy.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__
语)
[1] 主系表型
She
is
(主语) (连系动词)
The girl is
(主语) (连系动词)
主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd） =主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语