2019高考考前英语最后一讲：任务型阅读●任务型阅读答题技巧：【一】看图表〔Read〕：利用图表结构和内容帮助理解短文，把握短文的主题思想和理清短文的主体结构。
【二】读文章〔Scan〕&找细节〔Find〕：通读、细读和复读文章，分析、理顺表格线索，寻找确定答案的关键词语。
【三】填单词〔Fill〕：书写工整、语言规范，注意同一级栏目下词形的一致性以及字母的大小写等。
掌握常用的概括性的词汇〔部分〕：definition,introduction,theme,conclusion,evaluation,comparison,reason,cause, result,effect,consequence,advice,suggestion,tip,measure,solution,way(todo//o fdoing)，approach(tosth.或doing),feature,characteristic,benefit,advantage,disadvantage,differences,sim ilarities,types,kinds,purpose,aim,etc.注意表达的切换及词汇的变形,如：belongtotheclub—amember/oneofthemembersoftheclub;objectto----wasopposedto---oppose—inoppositionto;can’tbeaccepted---isunacceptable;missourhomelandandfamily---homesick;beaddictedto---behookedon;didn’trespondto….=madenoresponseto=saidnothinginresponseto….; accompanysb.=pany;accuse…of…=charge…with…..can’t(help/choose)butdo=havenoalternative/choicebuttodo…applyto..=makeanapplicationto…;anapproachtodoing..=awaytodo/ofdoingapproveof=subscribeto=infavorof=supportbebeneficialto=beofbenefitto=benefit….;bedeterminedtodo=bebentondoing…. goaboard..=goonboard..=board….;beboredwith=betiredof=befedupwithdosth.withcaution=dosth.cautiously;dosth.withenthusiasm=dosth.enthusiastically It’slikelythat=Thechanceisthat/Chancesarethat=Thereisachance(arechances)that…=There’spossibility/probabilitythat…comparedto/with=incomparisonwith…;compensatefor=makeupforcongratulatesb.onsth.=show/expresscongratulationstosb.onsth.asaresult=inconsequence;consistof=bemadeupof=becomposedofagreewith=correspondwith/to=beconsistentwith;deservetobepraised=deservepraising tellthedifferencebetween..and…=tell/distinguish..from…=tell….apart.=makethedistinctionbetween..and…divorcesb.=gotdivorcedfromsb.;facesth=befacedwithsth..dogoodto=begoodfor..;bemercifulto=havemercyon=showmercyto…haveprejudiceagainst=beprejudicedagainst;likesth.better=prefersth.=haveaprefere ncefor…alittle=slightly;thanksb.=begratefultosb.;drawnear=aroundthecornerdon’tknow..=havenoidea/knowledgeof….;getonone’sknees=kneeldownbediscovered=cometolight;occurtosb=strikesb.;getoverdifficulties=overcomediffic ultiesparticipatein=joinin=takepartin;improve=polishup;delay=putoff=postpone; takepridein=beproudof;deliberately=onpurpose=bydesign;turnone’sdreamintoreality=realizeone’sdream;reflecton=thinkabout; looklikesb.=resemblesb.;beprotectedby=undertheumbrellaof…makeasummaryof..=summarize…;besuperiorto=bebetterthan; Hediedthreeyearsaheadofhiswife.=Hesurvivedhiswifeby3years.one’scupoftea=toone’staste;tendtodo=haveatendencytodo….betired=bewornout;beworthdoing=beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone=doingsth.isworthwhile动词转化成名词，表示人的名词常加er,有时加or,如：survivor,creator,calculatorinvestor,investigator,instructor,visitor,negotiator, inspector,educator,operator,communicator等；前缀：unequal/inequality;improper;inappropriate;insufficient;dishonest(y);uncomfortab le;discomfort;un(dis)satisfied;dissatisfaction等。
●任务型阅读经典习题：请认真阅读以下短文，并根据短文的内容要点完成文章后的表格。
注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每空只填一个单词。
AWhenitcomestotheworldofcomputers,greencomputingisbecomingoneofthemostpopula rtrends.But,whatisexactlygreencomputing?Theterm“greencomputing”isonethatisbeingusedinmanydifferentmarketsandareasallovertheworldintoday’sglobaltechnology.Yet,manycomputerusersouttherearen’tsurewhatitmeans.Greencomputingisactuallyprettyeasytoexplainandtodo---itisbasic allylearningtousecomputerresourcesmoreefficientlytohelptheenvironmentaswellasma kingenergysavings.Themaingoalofagreencomputingprogramistoreducetheuseofenergyan dmaterialsthatharmtheenvironment.Greencomputinghelpstopromotetheuseofbiodegrada bleproductsandrecyclecomputerpartswheneverpossiblE、Greencomputingstartedasearlyas1992,whentheEPAcreatedEnergyStar,whichisavolu ntarylabelingprogramthatpromotesenergy-efficientcomputingequipmentandtechnologi es、Itwasbecauseofthisprogramthatmanycomputermanufacturerslaunchedsleepmodeandm illionsofcomputerusersaroundtheworldbegantoadoptthispolicytohelpsaveenergywhent heywerenotusingtheircomputers.Theterm“greencomputing”begantobeusedaroundthesametimeaswell,andbegantobecomeagoalthatmorecompaniesstri vetomeetovertheyears.Thereareseveralgovernmentagenciesthathavecontinuedtohelpst riveforbetterstandardsforcomputersandcompaniestohelppromotegreenpromoting.Energ yStarwasactuallyrevisedintheOctoberof2006tomaketherequirementsstricterforcomput er,andalsoimplementedarankingsystemforproducts.Becauseofthesenewrequirements,th ereareover20statesthathavenowestablishedaspecialrecyclingprogramforoldcomputers andelectronicstohelpwithgreencomputing.Manyoftoday’sITsystemsarebeginningtorelyonbothpeopleandhardwaretohelppushtheircomputersystemstowardamoregreencomputingsystemtohelpboththecompanyandothers.Thisisahardbalan cetoachieve,asithastosatisfyusers,management,andregulatorycompliance〔顺从〕.Eventhedisposalofcomputerwasteisallmanagedsothateveryoneinthecircleishappy withtheoutcome.Manycompaniesarelearningthebestwaysthattheycangogreenerwhenitcom estotheircomputingandalsohelptheirbusinessintheprocess.Whilemanyhomecomputeruse rsmaynotbequiteasfamiliarwithgreencomputingaslargefirms,thistermisstartingtobec omemoremainstreamallaroundtheworldandtherequirementsfornew,bettercomputerstohel pboththecompaniesandtheendusersoftheequipment,aswellasourenvironment,arebecomin gmoreandmoreurgent、BSomepeoplebelievethatgreedandselfishnesshasbecomethebasisofmodernsociety,and weshouldreturntotheoldtraditionsoffamilyandcommunity,thenwewillhaveabetterlife. Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththeaboveopinion?Inthisfast-pacedworld,manyvaluesareundergoingmajorchanges.Whilepeopletraditi onallyprioritizecaring,sharingandgenerosityinlifeandwork,modernpeopleseemtobemo reself-absorbedandself-concerned.Modernpeopleactselfishlytosurvivetheharshcompetitionoflife.Theysaythatitisaj ungleoutthere.Tosurvive,youhavetofightwithwhatevermeansthatcomehandy.Obviouslyg reedandselfishnessgoperfectlywellwithsuchideas.Inacompany,employeesdoeverythingtheycantogetbetterpayandhigherposition,evenatthecostofcolleagues.Weareinanywaya dvocatinganyselfishconduct.Itisjustthatpeoplearepressuredtoactinacertainwayduet ooutsideinfluences.Inspiteofcommonpractice,itishardtoconcludethatmodernsocietyisbuiltongreedand selfishness,bothofwhicharenotnewlyinventedvocabulary.Inancienttimespeoplealsodi dgreedyandselfishthingsthoughsuchbehaviorsweremorecondemnedthen.Butwecannotigno rethefactthatpeopleinthepastlivedarelativelymoreisolatedlifeandfacedlesspressur ecomparedwiththeirmoderncounterparts.Arewehappiertosharewithothersandbegeneroustothem?Thereisnofixedanswer,either .Somepeopletakegreatpleasurehelpingandgivingtootherswhileothersfeelhappydoingth eopposite.ButIpersonallythinkthatpeopleshouldnotbetooselfish.Caringforotherscan actuallyencouragethedevelopmentofamutuallybeneficialrelationship.Inconclusion,modernpeopleappeartobemoreself-centeredthanthoseinthepastduetos trongoutsidepressure.However,weshouldencouragepeopletoknowtheimportanceofbeingc aringandgenerousandtobuildamutuallybeneficialrelationshipwithothers.AreModernPeopleBecomingMoreSelfish?CYourbosstellsyouthatyoudidabadjob.Yourcoworkercriticizesyouinfrontofyourwho leteam.Ouch!It'snoteasytotakecriticism,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.But,itiseasytosof tentheblowwhenyouoffercriticismtosomeoneinEnglish.Merelybyalteringyourwordingan dyourattitude,youcanhelpsomeonegrowasopposedtomakingthemfeeldefeated.Phraseslike“You'rewrong!”and“Yourpresentationwasterrible!”havenoplaceineffectivecriticism.Infact,it'sbesttoleavetheword“you”out,ifatallpossible.Personalattacksmakepeoplefeeldefensive,andthentheywon'treal lylistentoanythingyouhavetosay.Beforestartingwiththecriticism,warmthepersonupwithcompliments(恭维).Ifyouarediscussingtheirwork,findseveralthingsyoutrulylikeaboutwhattheyhavedone.Forexample,“Ienjoyedyourpresentationtoday.Youpresentedalotofgoodandhelpfulinformationinit ,andIcantellyouputalotofeffortintoit.Iappreciateyourhardwork.”Thiswilllowertheirdefensesandmakethemfeelappreciated.However,ashort,vaguecomplimentfollowedby“but”suchas “Itwasahelpfultalk,butyoureallyneedtoimproveyourpresentationskills”won’tdomuchtohelptheprocess.Afteryou'vesharedyourcompliments,allowthemtimetobeabsor bed.Immediatelyfollowingyourcomplimentwitha“but”willdestroyallyou'vetriedtoaccomplishbymakingyourpraiseseemfalseandinsincere.Rememberthatthegoalofconstructivecriticismisn'ttomakethepersonfeelterrible; it'stohelpthemgrow.Insteadofdirectlyaccusingtheperson,trytogetthemessagethrough tothemintheformoflight-heartedadvice.Phraseslike,“Nexttimeyoumightwantto?or”Ifindithelpfulto?cantakeawaytheblamewhilestillleavinganimpact:“Nexttimeyoumightwanttogivealittlemoreattentiontotheaudience.Ifindithelpfultol ookpeopleintheeyeswhileIamspeaking.”Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon'tgetdetaileddirection.Simply saying“youneedtoworkonyourpresentationskills”won'thelpasoul!Bedetailedinyouradvice,anddon'toverloadanyonewithcriticism.Remem ber,youwantthemtokeeptryingandimproving.Don'tleavethemfeelingdefeated!A:1.Definition第二段段意归纳2.better第二段第四行use….moreefficiently3.harmful第二段第六行harm=beharmfulto4.Development/History第【三】四段段意归纳5.promoting第三段第二行..thatpromotes…..定语从句转化成分词短语6.adopted第四段第二行……begantoadopt7.made第四段倒数第四行tomaketherequirementsstricter8.present第四段倒数第二行now9.satisfaction第五段第三行asithastosatisfyusers……10.globally/worldwide第五段倒数第三行becomemoremainstreamallaroundtheworldB1.Values第二段第一行manyvaluesareundergoingmajorchanges2.place第二段第一行Whilepeopletraditionally prioritize〔重点考虑，给…优先权〕caring,sharingandgenerosityinlifeandwork3.concerned第二段第三行moreself-absorbedandself-concerned.4.Behaviors第三段第一行Modernpeople act selfishlytosurvivetheharshcompetitionoflife5.goals第三段第第三行Inacompany,employeesdoeverythingtheycantogetbetterpayandhigherposition,evenatthecostofcolleagues.6.Reasons第四段第三行Butwecannotignorethefactthatpeopleinthepastlivedarelativelymoreisolatedlifeandfacedlesspressurecomparedwiththeirmoderncounterparts.这句话讲了现代人变得贪心自私的原因petition第三段第一行Modernpeopleactselfishlytosurvivetheharshcompetitionoflife8.pressure第四段第四行facedlesspressure和第六段第二行strongoutsidepressure9.attitudes第五段Ipersonallythink和第六段Inconclusion10.benefit第五段第四行encouragethedevelopmentofamutuallybeneficialrelationship第六段最后一行tobuildamutuallybeneficialrelationshipwithothers. C:1.criticism第一节第三行offercriticism=givecriticism。