通信工程专业英语
——Specialized English
Listening
Speaking
Reading
Writing
Translating
√
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
第一部分 专业英语基础知识
专业英语的翻译（Translating）
lend oneself to：适合于
implementation：落实，实施，实际应用，执行, 履行; large-scale-integrated (LSI) circuits：大规模集成电路
第二，数字系统的组成使其适合于采用大规模集成电路实际 应用场合。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
as long as ：只要, 在...的时候
threshold level：门限电平 第一,如果传输的是数字信号而不是模拟信号,则只要噪声电 平低于门限电平,系统就几乎不受影响。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
This is due to the fact that for long-distance transmission the digital signal can be regenerated at eቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱch repeater, creating a new, noise-free signal. Thus, noise does not accumulate as it would in a comparable analog system. due to ：由于, 应归于 regenerate：再生，重建 repeater：中继器，再生器
Even in such a digital transmission system, however, many signals which are being processed are usually analog in nature. There analog signals need therefore to be converted into digital format. in nature：实际上, 本质上 convert into：使转变（转换）成... format ：形式, 格式, 版式
翻译：用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容准确而 又完整地再现的语言活动。 把原文意思用译语准确无误地传达出来 1.翻译的标准 不是用译者的意思来代替原文的意思 忠实（True）：译文必须符合原意，准确地、完整地、 科学地表达原文的内容，不得有任何篡改。 ：译文必须通顺流畅，符合语言规范， 通顺（Smooth） 不应有文理不通、逐词死译和生硬晦涩等现象。
d e z i t n a u Q
4 digit binary code
1 f
S
Sampling intervals
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
NEW WORDS AND PHRASES
immune adj. 免除的,不受影响的,可避免的 threshold n. 门槛,门限 intertlace v. 使交织,使交错 hierarchy n. 等级,体系,系列 crosstalk n. 串话 feasible adj. 可行的,行得通的 elimination n. 消除,排除,淘汰 interval n 间隔时间 supervision n. 监督,监管 overvoltage n. 超压,过电压 suppress v. 抑制 nonlinearly ad. 非线性地 resolution n. 分析,分辨 polarity n. 极性 Specialized English for Communication Engineering
pulse-width modulation (PWM):脉宽调制
pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) :脉幅调制
pulse code modulation (PCM) :脉码调制 有多种调制手段以实现这种转换,包括脉宽调制、脉幅调制以 及脉码调制. PCM是当前数字通信系统中最普通的调制手段。 Specialized English for Communication Engineering
The reliability can be further improved by using errordetecting and error-correcting codes.
利用检错和纠错编码能进一步提高可靠性。（被动语态 转译为主动语态） Specialized English for Communication Engineering
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
第二部分 通信技术
Unit 2：
Digital Communication System ——数字通信系统
13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0111 1100 1001 0101 1000 0111 Signal
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
专业英语的翻译
增补：按照汉语语言习惯，在译文中适当添加原文中所没 有的词语，以更明确的表达原文的含义和满足汉语语法的 修辞需要。 This is what we must resolve at first. 这是我们必须首先解决的问题。(增补宾语)
然而，即使在这样的数字传输系统中，所处理的许多信号通 常在本质上是模拟的。因此，需要将这些模拟信号转化为数 字形式。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
There are various modulation schemes to accomplish this, including pulse-width modulation (PWM), pulse amplitude modulation (PAM),and pulse code modulation (PCM) . PCM is currently the most commonly used modulation system in digital telecommunication systems.
sampling ：取样 quantizing：量化 coding：编码 alternation：交替, 变换; 间隔 PCM信号是通过对模拟信号取样、量化、编码产生的。结果 是产生一系列的二进制比特流，即交替的高低电平。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
专业英语的翻译
2.翻译方法
照译：基本上保留原文的结构形式，语序上未作大的 变动；保留原文词语的字面意思，未加引伸和转换。 Computers are of great help to our work. 计算机对我们的工作有很大帮助。 Compounds are composed of elements. 化合物是由元素构成的。
TEXT
The use of digital methods for the transmission of analog signals is becoming increasingly common in telecommunication systems. There are two major reasons for this. digital :数字的, 数位的
The process of sampling an analog voltage V (t) consists of developing a pulse train in which the amplitude of the nth pulse equals the amplitude of V(t) at t= nT. consists of ：由...组成 pulse train ：脉冲串 amplitude：幅值，振幅，幅度 对模拟电压V(t)采样过程包括生成一个脉冲串,在这个脉冲串 中,第n个脉冲的幅度等于V(t)在t=nT时的幅值。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
专业英语的翻译
句子结构上有差异 词汇上很少对等
English
Chinese
死译 硬译 直译：基本上保留原文的表达形式及内容，不做大的改 动，同时译出的文字又明白易懂； 胡译 意译：在正确理解原意的基础上，重新遣词造句，把原 文的意思用通顺的汉语表达出来。
Specialized English for Communication Engineering
专业英语的翻译
转换：词义引伸和词性转换（意义上的转换）；语序的变 动，句子结构和句子表达方式的转换（形式上的转换）。 The miniature receiving antenna was developed as an alternative to that larger one. 这种小型接收天线是为取代那种大型接收天线而研制的。 （译文把原文中的名词转换成了动词）
The PCM signal is generated by sampling, quantizing, and coding an analog signal. The result is a stream of binary digits (bits), that is, an alternation of high and low voltage levels in the signal. This stream can then be applied, frequency modulation.