2014年同等学力完型填空讲义一、考试大纲要求及完型填空考查内容❖本部分共设10题，每题1分，考试时间为10分钟。
本部分在一篇难度适中的短文中设置10个空白，每个空白给出4个备选答案，要求考生从所给备选答案中选出一个最佳答案，使短文完整。
完型填空主要测验学生的语言综合运用能力，包括基础知识的掌握和运用，对整个文章逻辑联系的理解，在情景中辨析词义的能力以及词组短语搭配的使用能力，这是大部分考生认为难度最大的考查项目。
归根结底，完型填空的题目就是在基本的语法、词汇考点的基础上，再加上阅读的上下穿梭的逻辑能力，所以说完型填空考题是以一合三的考法。
❖重点考查词汇、逻辑关系二、考点：1.语法题(1)语法的2个考点考点一从句（重点）考点二非谓语动词——动词-ing形式和-ed分词（次重点）(2)连词的使用方法（语法衔接题）2.词汇题(1)简单的同义词、近义词辨析(2)语义的衔接技巧3.固定搭配三、完形填空答题技巧1. 重视首句，把握开篇完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空白，是完整的一句。
细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。
读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。
2. 阅读全文，掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格，生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去，不要急于看选项。
一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍，直到明了大意（who, when, where, what），掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容，结构，时态，语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，然后答题。
3. 前后照应，灵活答题（1）择优法（2）排除法对于一时难以确定的答案，可按空格位置，从语法结构，上下文意，习惯用法，词义辨析等方面，对选项逐个分析试填。
此时，“瞻前顾后”是必要的：即先读所填句，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两处填空，要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。
4．识别短语注意搭配一类短语是由动词＋介词，或动词＋副词构成，在现代英语中，这类词组很多而且实用性强、结构简练、使用灵活、表达生动，如break the ice，look forward to，keep an eye on，catch one's eye等；还有一类使用极广的是介词短语，如with regard to，in a blink of，on everyone's lips，at the age of等。
如果平时能注意词组、短语的整体记忆，掌握它们的搭配规律，在做完型填空时就能得心应手，减少失误，提高完型填空的命中率。
5. 运用语法理顺关系语法知识是指导完型填空的法宝，词汇是根据语法规则确定各自的位置，有了语法规则文章才能有条不紊、顺理成章。
完型填空题实际上是“形断意不断，貌离神不离”，正如藕断而丝连，语法规则起到“牵动荷花带出藕”的功效。
如介词后的代词必然是宾格；物质名词一般不用复数；形容词必须放在不定代词后；行为动词的否定和疑问句应由助动词do构成；情态动词只能与不带to的动词连用等。
6. 复读全文，验证答案（1）检查上下文的一致性：即时态、语态的一致，代词、名词、单复数的一致。
（2）检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语、固定搭配、句型词组是否符合习惯。
（3）检查上下文的连贯性：及凭借语感，按照上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。
这是检查中至关重要的一环，往往能纠正一处甚至多处错误.四、试题初体验样卷一Almost half of UK internet users are going online via mobile phone data connections, according to the Office for National Statistics (ONS). 45% of people surveyed said they (46) use of the net while out and about, compared with 31% in 2010. The most rapid growth was (47) younger people, where 71% of internet-connected 16 t0 24-year-olds used mobiles.Domestic internet use also rose. According to the ONS, 77% of households now have (48) to a net connection. That figure was (49) 4% from the previous year, representing the slowest rate of (50) since the ONS survey began in 2006. The figure for domestic connections contrasted sharply with the rapid growth in uptake of mobile services.(51) , the popularity of 3G broadband did not necessarily mean that more people were going online overall. Many of those using mobile phones are (52) to already have home broadband connections.Older users, who the government is particularly keen to get (53) , appeared to (54) relatively untouched by the phenomenon. While 71% of 16 t0 24-year-old who went (55) said they used mobile broadband, just 8% of internet users aged over 65 made use of the newer technology.(46) A. made B. took C. kept D. sought(47) A. around B. within C. among D. beyond(48) A. route B. access C. way D. road(49) A. on B. up C. of D. in(50) A. survey B. internet C. mobiles D. growth(51) A. However B. Because C. Moreover D. Even if(52) A. easy B. fast C. likely D. slow(53) A. connected B. used to C. provided D. called(54) A. have B. be C. being D. have been(55) A. abroad B. out C. online D. home(46) A (47) C (48) B (49) B (50) D (51) A (52) C (53) A (54) D(55)C样卷二Part IV Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Scientists say they have found key clues into how long we will live. One of them is a (46) handshake. British researchers believe a strong grip is not just a sign of confidence bran (47) of longevity. Lead author Dr. Rachel Cooper, of University College London, said her study looked int0 33 different reports on the strength of handshakes. The research(48) more than 50,000 men and women and spanned 40 years. Dr. Cooper concluded that those with weaker handshakes were 70 per cent more likely to die earlier than those with the strongest handshakes. She concludes that people with strong grips may have benefited (49) a happy childhood that included a healthy diet and plenty of exercise.The new study, (50) in the British Medical Journal, also found other signs of living a longer life. These “measures of physical capability” include walking at a faster (51) , getting out of a chair quickly, and being able to balance on one leg. The study showed that slow walkers were almost three times (52) to die earlier than those who (53) out of their chairs. . Dr. Cooper believes there needs to be more (54) into the link between physical capability and longevity. “Research that helps people to enjoy a long and healthy life is ever more important to help (55) an ageing population,” she said.(46) A. firm B. loose C. warm D. friendly(47) A. evidence B. indicator C. advantage D. opinion(48) A. included B. questioned C. examined D. involved(49) A. of B. from C. to D. for(50) A. disclosed B. revealed C. published D. declared(51) A. move B. rate C. ratio D. pace(52) A. likelier B. likely C. as likely D. as alike(53) A. struggled B. sprang C. skipped D.Skated(54) A. research B. debate C. argument D. account(55) A. cater for B. cater with C. keep up D. keep outPart Ⅳ（46）A （47）B （48）D （49）B （50）C （51）D （52）A (53)B (54)A (55)A样卷三Hollywood propaganda films of the late thirties and early forties can be divided (46)_____ three general categories: films that praised America, films that introduced World War allies, and films that (47) the enemy. Beginning in the late thirties, Hollywood began producing a (48) of biography films, all (49)which glorified the American democratic tradition~ John Ford’s Young Mr. Lincoln(1939) and John Cromwell’s Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1940) were examples of Hollywood’s at tempt (50) that American democracy gave everyone a (51) at success. In the early forties many Hollywood movies (52)an introduction to the American allies.Films (53) Mrs.Miniver (1942) and Journey forMargaret(1942) presented a sympathetic picture of the British people. During the latter part of the forties, Hollywood was determined to introduce American audiences to the enemy, and movies like Hitler’s Children (1943) and B ehind the Rising Sun (1944) portrayed German and Japanese brutality. Many of the latter anti-German and anti-Japanese films have since been criticized (54)____their distorted and simplistic themes that presented the German and Japanese people (55) half-mad beasts.(46) A. into B. as C. among D. upon(47) A. praised B. described C. criticized D. resembled(48) A. list B. series C. collection D. glimpse(49) A. in B. of C. on D. for(50) A. proving B. proved C. prove D. to prove(51) A. chance B. hope C. job D. wish(52) A. employed B. took C. offered D. showed(53) A. like B. as C. such D. that(54) A. in case of B. on behalf of C. for the sake of D. because of(55) A. against B. for C. as D. inACBBD ACADC五、真题演练2013年真题请附上真题及答案，排版后请发回至我的邮箱2012年真题Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with I5 blanks. For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.Why do kids hate Brussels sprouts (芽甘蓝')? Because Brussels sprouts are bitter, and kids generally don't like bitter tastes. But it's not their 61. Researchers say that a dislike for bitter and sour is a survival instinct, since most toxic substances _62 that way too. On the other hand, sweetness typically indicates that something is 63 to eat, so children are born with a _64 for sweets,What we like to eat changes over time. As we age, we realize that _65 something tastes bitter or sour, it won't kill us, and we learn to _66 it. When we're older, we 67 some of our smell sensitivity. Humans need smell to experience flavor, which is different from taste. With our senses diminished, we'll probably begin 68 sugar and salt to our food, to heighten theflavor. 69 , there's a theory that the reason many especially "big"-tasting wines in recent years have won awards is that wine critics are getting older and finding subtle flavors _70 to sense.If someone is 71 to detect flavors at all, he may have a taste _72 , which can be caused by a tongue injury or brain damage. Or it could be a problem with 73 , The channel that separates the mouth from the nose allows us to smell behind our nose and is _74_ enjoying most complex flavors:. That's why food seems _75 when we have a stuffy nose-except chicken noodle soup. It’s so salty.61. A. Fault B. Choice C. Habit D. Regret62. A. Feel B. Look C. Sound D. Taste63. A. Strange B. Necessary C. Safe D. Ready64. A. Capacity B. Preference C. Awareness D. Consideration65. A. Now that B. In case C. If only D. Even though66. A. Enjoy B. Improve C. Treat D. Alter67. A. Form B. Lose C. Reduce D. Gain68. A. Putting B. Balancing C. Adding D. Limiting69. A. In essence B In conclusion C. In fact D. In short70. A. Softer B. Nicer C. Worse D. Harder71. A. Unlikely B. Unable C. Impossible D. Improbable72. A. Disorder B: symptom C. Therapy D. Illusion73. A. Mood B. Taste C. Flavor D smell74. A. Subject to B. Liable to C. Crucial for D. beneficial for75. A. Delicious B. Flavorless C. Bitter D. Smelly完型答案：61-65 ADCBD 66-70 ABCCD 71-75 BADCB2011年真题请附上真题及答案，排版后请发回至我的邮箱2010年真题请附上真题及答案，排版后请发回至我的邮箱六、模拟练习Cloze Test (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage oneFor years we have believed we were either healthy or sick. __51__, during the mid-90s, scientists developed a new concept called “sub-health”, a status __52__ health and illness. The concept of sub-health has become __53__ because it has helped to explain many health problems. __54__ one study, only 5.6% of people in the overall population are actually sick, __55__ the sub-healthy group consists of about 60%, and the __56__ population is considered healthy. __57__ of one’s sub-health will help one to be alert to the underlying disease and remain healthy. Sub-Health is a state in which the body is __58__ turning from health to illness or from illness to health. Our bodies are actively __59__ the conditions of health, sub-health and disease. Factors __60__ aging, internal or external toxicity(毒性), and body or mind exhaustion may cause sub-health, but taking good care of the body can change a sub-healthy status to a healthy one.51. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Meantime52. A. within B. between C. toward D. beyond53. A. controversial B. global C. popular D. common54. A. Thanks to B. Due to C. According to D. Prior to55. A. since B. though C. for D. whereas56. A. remaining B. retaining C. relating D. reserving57. A. Causes B. Awareness C. Doubts D. Treatment58. A. already B. still C. neither D. either59. A. choosing B. comparing C. improving D. balancing60. A. like B. as C. along with D. up toPassage TwoColleges in the US have added a new subject,“green chemistry”, to their curriculum (课程) today. “Green chemistry __51__ how we can develop products that won’t __52__ the environment,”explains Paul Anastas, director of Yale University’s Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering. It opened at the beginning of this year. The American Chemical Society, __53__ approves more than 600 college chemistry programs, only lists about a dozen that teach green chemistry. But that __54__ is growing.Cambridge College in Massachusetts is offering “an introduction to green chemistry” course this fall and is offering the nation’s first bachelor’s and master’s __55__ in green chemistry. The program will have classes in environmental science and even environmental __56__ and policy. These subjects are not __57__ taught to chemistry majors.Employers __58__ the introduction of green chemistry. Businesses are increasingly seeking graduates __59__ backgrounds in the subject because it can help them make or save money in the development and manufacturing of products. “We need people who can not only understand their place __60__ , but also understand the worldwide perspective,” said Adam Peterson, a chemicalsdivision manager at Dow Corning Corp.51．A．looks on B．looks in C．looks at D．looks after 52．A．injure B．distress C．wound D．hurt53．A．which B．that C．such D．thus54．A．size B．number C．amount D．quantity55．A．titles B．degrees C．status D．ranks56．A．law B．act C．bill D．treaty57．A．controversially B．eventually C．gradually D．traditionally 58．A．dislike B．ignore C．welcome D．enjoy59．A．on B．in C．with D．from60．A．in a row B．in person C．in common D．in a chainPassage ThreeOne of the most convenient and cheapest ways to see America is by riding a Greyhound bus. This interstate bus system connects all major cities in the United States,51 people with frequent and convenient service. The bus system even has an international service52 makes connection with cities in Canada and Mexico.Its network even extends to some of the smaller towns and out-of-the-way communities 53 the great interior of the country. Traveling by bus may54 longer than flying by plane, but the terminals are located in the center of most cities and there is55 to the downtown area. These buses are comfortable and air-conditioned. They are all equipped with toilets in the rear to 56 the convenience of the passengers, but there are some very severe57 of conduct which are strictly enforced. On all buses58 is forbidden and the consumption of alcoholic drinks is not allowed.59 bus travel may not be suited to everyone’s taste, it affords budget travelers the60to see America incomfort and safety and at a leisurely unhurried pace.51．A．giving B．providing C．offering D．favoring52．A．what B．which C．who D．such53．A．for B．along C．in D．from54．A．spend B．use C．consume D．take55．A．easy access B．fast way C．short path D．direct approach 56．A．keep up B．result in C．add to D．look after57．A．terms B．rules C．clauses D．points58．A．smoking B．to smoke C．smoke D．smoker59．A．As B．Whether C．However D．Although60．A．money B．chance C．time D．occasionPassage FourGerman zoologist R andolf Menzel says bees aren’t as busy as people believe they are. “Bees are not particularly51 . Instead they sleep a lot and are lazy. They spend52 80 per cent of the night sleeping. Even during the day they often fly to the nest53 they rest thei r wings,” said Menzel, a zoologist at the Free University in Berlin, who has studied bees for four decades. But to 54 for their apparent laziness, they are actually very intelligent. They are55 learners and able to recognize various smells. Menzel sa id bees’ learning, like56 of many animals, was based on a reward system. “If a bee is rewarded once for something, it remembers it for a week. But if it is rewarded three times, it will remember it for its57 lifetime,” said Menzel. He last week was awarded a58 by the German Zoological Society. The memory capacity of bees means they can 59 among more than 50 different smells to find the one they want. “What is interesting is that what smells good to a bee, is also a60 smell for humans,” said M enzel.51．A．working hard B．hardworking C．hard working D．working hardly52．A．as to B．as much C．up to D．such as53．A．what B．to which C．in that D．where 54．A．compensate B．provide C．search D．account55．A．rapid B．swift C．speedy D．quick56．A．those B．which C．that D．what57．A．full B．integrate C．all D．entire58．A．prize B．praise C．price D．pride 59．A．discriminate B．distinguish C．divide D．derive60．A．sickening B．pleasant C．harsh D．gracefulPassage FiveIreland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, 51 a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain’s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious 52 to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only 53 of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses 54 on incomes，health，unemployment，climate，political stability, job security equality between men and women as well as what the magazine calls “freedom, family a nd community life”.Despite the bad weather troubled health service，traffic problems, and the high cost of living，Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points 55 10. That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland，which managed 8. 07. Zimbabwe(津巴布韦)，troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the lowest，56 only 3. 89 points.“Although rising incomes and increased individual choices in developed countries are57valued,” the report said，“some of the factors associated with 58 such as the breakdown in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.“Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new—the fourth highest gross domestic product per head in the world in 2005, low unemployment，political 59 ----with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old，such as 60 family and community life. ”51. A. following up B. coming with C. according to D. except for52. A. attempt B. attack C. attitude D. attraction53. A. reason B. volume C. measure D. monitor54. A. amount B. data C. number D. account55. A. up to B. out of C. off and on D. in about56. A. missing B. getting C. keeping D. putting57. A. hardly B. excessively C. highly D. passively58. A. modernization B. civilization C. constitution D. tradition59. A. liberties B. activities C. unions D. campaigns60. A. sticky B. static C. steep D. stablePassage SixAdult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults．This is often done in the workplace，or 56 “continuing education” courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university．Educating adults differs from educating 57 in several ways．One of the most important 58 is that adults have gained knowledge and experience which can 59 add value to a learning experience or interfere with it．Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some 60 fashion in order to learn effectively；there must be a 61 and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further that goal．One example，62 in the 1990s，was the spread of computer training courses in 63 adults，most of them office workers，could enroll．These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application 64 ．Because the skills 65 to interact with a PC were so new，many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses，either of their own will(to gain computer skills and thus can higher pay)or at the request of their managers．56．A．by B．from C．on D．through 57．A．children B．students C．workers D．employees 58．A．signs B．features C．differences D．practices 59．A．either B．neither C．both D．so60．A．probable B．practical C．modern D．routine61．A．plan B．prospect C．goal D．possibility 62．A．normal B．common C．regular D．profitable 63．A．that B．which C．those D．whose 64．A．software B．hardware C．technology D．framework 65．A．related B．designed C．expected D．required【小结】在解答完型填空题目的时候，需要注意以下几点：1、语义、语法的衔接不是孤立地存在的，具体做题时需要既联系语义、逻辑，又要注意有无惯用或结构上的固定搭配。