2.until在肯定句和否定句中的使用 1. When和While的区别 ①when既指时间点,也可指一段时间,
while只指一段时间。 因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词
可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词, 而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词.
②when 表从句动作和主句动作同时发生,也可以 是先后发生； while 则多表示主从句两个动作同 时发生.
but；while(然而) Lucy likes red while Lily likes white. 露西喜欢红色而莉莉喜欢白色 3.表选择关系的连词及并列句 or 或者，否则; either…or… 要么……要么，连接 主语时，动词与靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
Either he or I am right.要么他对要么我对。
Tom and Mike can’t speak Chinese. （2）列举成分在否定词后，用or构成完全否定
I can’t sing or dance.
状语从句
时间状语从句
由从属连词 when, while, as soon as, after, before, scine, until 等引导。 重难点：1.when和while的用法区别
The teacher said (that) the earth is round. 二、宾语从句的语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序。在把两个独立的句子 连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时候，一定要注 意从句的语序（陈述句语序）。
What is his name? Do you know?
=Do you know what his name is? 三、宾语从句的连接词
He is so old that he can jion the army. =He is old enough to jion the army. so…that+否定句=too+形容词/副词+ to do sth so…that+否定句=not+形容词/副词+enough+ to
do sth. He is so young that he can’t go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school.
要用一般现在时！ 2. unless --- if not 除非，如果不 we won’t get there on time unless we leave earlier.
除非我们早点离开,否则不能准时到.
unless与if 的同义句转换
we won’t get there on time unless we leave earlier.
Study hard, or you will fail the exam. 努力学习，否则你开考试就会不及格。 4.表因果关系的连词及并列句 so 因此；所以，for 因为
I have to stay up late, for I have much homework to do. 我不得不熬夜，因为我有很多作业要做。 5. and 和 or用在否定句中的区别 （1）列举成分作主语，又在否定词前，用and.
He stayed up late last night so that he got up late. 他昨晚熬了夜,结果起床晚了。（表结果）
He stayed up late last night so that he could finish the homework. (表目的,从句中由情态动词could) 他昨晚熬夜是为了完成作业.
I remember he gave the book to you yesterday. 2.主句是过去时，宾语从句要用过去某种时态。
He told me (that) He wanted to join the club.
3.如果宾语从句表示的是客观真理或事实，即使 主句是过去时，从句还是用一般现在时态。
结果状语从句 由 so that，so…that, such…that来引导。
难点：1. so that与so…that的区别 2. so… that与such…that的用法区别
A. so that与so…that的区别 so that 既可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的 状语从句。 so …that只引导结果状语从句
They are such good books that I want to read them at once.
= The books are so good that I want to read them at once.那些书那么好，我想马上就读
She is such a lovely girl that we all love her. = She is so lovely a girl that we all love her. C. so…that 句子 与不定式短语的转换 so…that+肯定句=形容词/副词+enough to do sth
不能与but连用。 Although/Though he is poor, he is happy. Although/Though he is poor, but he is happy. 后面这句是错误的。
宾语从句 重难点：a.连词的运用
b.时态的运用 c.语序的运用 易错点：学生容易把这些连词what, which, who, whom, whose当成疑问词，在宾语从句中用疑问 句语序。 一、主句和从句时态要保持一致。 1.主句是现在时，宾语从句的时态根据需要而定。
We waited for them until it was dark. 我们一直等他们到天黑。 Note:主句是一般将来时态，表时间的状语从句要 用一般现在时！
条件状语从句 if ，unless 引导条件状语从句 1.if ，如果
If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go to the park. Note:主句是一般将来时态，表条件的状语从句
③由when引导时间状语从句时,主句用过去进行时, 从句应用一般过去时；
如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去 进行时的时候,多用while引导,如：
a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.
1.that 引导的宾语从句 连词 that引导宾语从句，本身无意义，只起连接 主句和从句的作用，口语中可省略
2.whether或if 引导宾语从句 “Do you like watching TV?” he asked me. =He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV. 3.特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 “When did he leave for England?” Could you tell me = Could you tell me when he left for England.
= we won’t get there on time if we don’t leave earlier.
如果我们不早些出发，我们就不能准时到达。 3. as long as 只要
As long as we try our best, we will make it. 只要我们尽最大努力，我们就会成功。 Note:主句是一般将来时态，表条件的状语从句要 用一般现在时！
interesting. 定语从句只用which 作关系代词的情况： 1.关系代词前有介词时， This is the house in which they used to live . 2.先行词本身是that，those 的时候， What's that which is in the box?
B. so…that 与such…that的区别与转换 so+形容词/副词+that 从句 so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句 such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句 such+形容词+复数名词+that从句 such+形容词+不可数数名词+that从句 当名词前面有many,much,little,few修饰时， 用so而不用such.
b. They were singing while we were dancing.
2. until A.否定句（动词是非延续行动词）+ until从句
直到……才……
The boy didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 那个男孩直到做完作业才睡觉。 B.肯定句（动词是延续性动词） + until从句
5. 当先行词是all, no, little, few,any 等修饰时， I want to read all the books that are about
history. 6.当先行词既有人也有物时， She takes photos of people and things that are
并列句
用并列连词连接起来的两个或两个以上的简单句叫并列 句。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。 1.表并列、递进关系的连词及并列句 and; both…and…; as well as; not only…but also
My father bought me a bike,and I like it. 2.表转折或对比关系的连词及并列句