第三部分医学英语的写作任务一标题的写作（Title）●标题的结构1. 名词+介词Blindness（视觉缺失）after Treatment for Malignant Hypertension2. 名词+分词Unilateral Neurogenic Pruritus Following Stroke中风后单侧神经性瘙痒3. 名词+不定式Suggestion to Abolish Icterus Index Determination（黄疸指数测定）where Quantitative Bilirubin Assay（胆红素定量）is Available建议能做胆红素定量的化验室不再做黄疸指数测定4. 名词+同位语Gentamicine, a Selelctive Agent for the isolation of Betahemolytic Streptocc ociβ-溶血性链球菌庆大霉素是分离β-溶血性链球菌的选择性药物5. 名词+从句Evidence that the V-sis Gene Product Transforms by Interaction with the Receptor for Platelet-derived Growth Factor血小板源性生长因子.V-sis 基因产物由血小板生成因子受体相互作用而转化的依据6. 动名词短语Preventing Stroke in patients with Atrial Fibrillation心房纤维性颤动心旁纤颤患者中风预防Detecting Acute Myocardial Infarction（急性心肌梗死）by Radio-immunoassay for Creative Kinase（酐激酶）用放射免疫法测定酐激酶诊断急性心肌梗死7. 介词短语On Controlling Rectal Cancer8. 陈述句Dietary Cholesterol is Co-carcinogenic协同致癌因素for Human Colon Cancer9. 疑问句Home or Hospital BirthsIs Treatment of Borderline Hypertension Good or Bad?●注意副标题的作用1．数目：Endoluminal Stent-graft 带支架腔内搭桥for Aortic Aneurysms动脉瘤: A report of 6 cases带支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤的六例报告2．重点：Aorto-arteritis 大动脉炎Chest X-ray Appearance and Its Clinical Significance大动脉炎胸部X线表现及临床意义3．方法：Gallstone Ileus（胆结石梗阻）: A Retrospective Study4．作用：Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Breast-cancer Tissue: A useful prognostic indictor乳腺癌组织中癌胚抗原——一种有用的预后指示5．疑问：Unresolved—Do drinkers have less coronary heart disease?6．连载顺序：Physical and Chemical Studies of Human Blood Serum: II. A study of miscellaneous Disease conditions人类血清的理论研究：II. 多种病例的研究7．时间：A Collaborative 综合Study of Burn Nursing in China: 1995-1999常见标题句式举例1. 讨论型：Discussion of/ on; An approach to; A probe into; Investigation of; Evaluation of / on汉语中的“初步体会”、“试论”、“浅析”之类的谦辞可以不译。
直接表达本意。
2. 观察、报告、结果型：An observation/ Observations of / on/in3. 调查类：Survey of / on4. 体会经验类: Experience in / with；Reflection on5. 总结综述：Summary of/ Experience of ; Review of6. 问题型：Problem of ; Some Aspects on7. 探究：Study of/ on / in; Probe into; Exploration of8. 报告：Report of / on9. 药物治疗和非药物治疗：… in the Treatment of …; Management of …; Treatment ... with..; Use of … in thetreatment of … Therapy of / for … by …10．诊断：… in the diagnosis of … ; Detection of … in … Diagnosis of … by/ with … Detection of … by …Application of … to the diagnosis of …练习1.判断下列标题的书写格式是否正确- Treatment of Psoriasis by hemodialysis（不对）- Asthma in a Vietnamese refugee population（不对）- Management of Hypertension in diabetes（不对）- Does the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Involve the Autonomic Nervous system? （不对）- Treatment of macroprolactinoma with cabergoline: A study of 85 Patients（不对）- Clinical Observation on 342 Cases with Allergic Rhinitis鼻炎（对）2.在下列英文标题中识别关键词、分析结构并翻译。
- Sudden cardiac death：Clinic pathologic investigation of 51 cases心脏性猝死51例临床病理探讨- Paranthyroidectomy in Chronic Renal Failure: Survey of 38 Cases慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例调查- Recent Experience with Bacillemia菌血症due to Gram-negative Organisms.治疗革兰氏阴性杆菌血症的新体会- Treatment for Malignant Hypertension: An Experience of 35 Cases35例恶性高血压治疗总结-Certain Problems of the Surgical Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism.甲状旁腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个问题- Platelet Function Studies in Heart Disease心脏病患者血小板功能的研究- A Report of Rosai-Dorfman腮腺肿块性病报告- Use of Steroid （类固醇）in the Treatment of Clinical Septic Shock皮质激素治疗败血症休克- Treatment of Psoriasis by Hemodialysis血液透析治疗牛皮癣- Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Gallstones.胆石症超声波诊断3.请把下列句子改写成名词性短语标题（noun phrase titles）- Thyroid cancer is a late consequence of head-neck irradiation改为：Thyroid cancer as a late consequence of head-neck irradiation- Coronary heart disease: Overweight and obesity are risk factors改为：Coronary heart disease: Overweight and obesity as risk factors- High blood pressure is a side effect of drugs, poisons, and food改为：High blood pressure: A side effect of drugs, poisons, and food- High uric acid serves as an indicator of cardiovascular disease改为：High uric acid as an indicator of cardiovascular disease- Prostaglandins serve as mediators of inflammation改为：Prostaglandins as mediators of inflammation任务二引言的写作（Introduction）●引言的构成阅读下列引言,分析其构成部分并概括每一部分的大意。
Helicobacter pylori(Hp幽门杆菌) is considered to be the main aetiological agent发病原因of the most common form of chronic gastritis]胃炎in the adult population—type B gastritis. Type B gastritis is localized in the antrum窦, 腔, 房and pylorus幽门, whereas type A gastritis, the classic autoimmune gastritis, mainly occurs in the fundus 底部. H pylori positive chronic gastritis of the antrum has been found to be closely related toduodenal十二指肠ulcer and can lead to gastric atrophy萎缩, a precursor 前兆of gastric cancer. （第一部分：课题的研究概况及背景介绍）Environmental factors, such as socioeconomic and educational state, seem to affect the prevalence of H pylori infection. Infection is consistently higher in Hispanic and black people than in white people and is inversely related to educational level.The prevalence程度of H pylori infection is higher in close communities密集人口and in members of family groups than in the general population. This may be due to replases or reinfections between members of the same family. Furthermore, the route of transmission of H pylori remains unknown, although most of the evidence supports person to person transmission with colonization occurring primarily in childhood. Under naturalcircumstances transmission could be by the oro-oral or faecal-oral(粪-口) routes, but no strong evidence exists to support either route as the primary one, and both may be relevant depending on other factors. （第二部分：内容、目的和方法等）Most studies of transmission of H pylori infection within families have been conducted on parents and siblings of children referred for针对…研究symptoms and not on the general population. To avoid this potential selection bias偏差, we studied part of the population of the Dionysos cohort study群组研究to assess whether children of H pylori infected parents had higher infection rate than those families with uninfected parents. （第三部分：理由和意义）●引言各组成部分的常用时态和语态1. 观察下列有关“课题的研究概况及背景介绍”的表达中运用了哪些时态和语态。