音标入门讲解一、元音 （一）单元音（1）前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ][ i: ]发音组合: e ee ea ie ei 代表单词: m e h e w e e venb ee f ee l br ee ze d ee p fr ees ea t b ea t l ea d t ea ea t r ea son gr ie f bel ie ve ach ie ve rec ei ve conc ei ve音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ] s ea t s i t b ea t b i tsh ee p sh i p[ e ]发音组合: e ea a代表单词：p e n t e n b e st b e g e gg n e t br ea d h ea venm a rry a ny m a ny音标对比： [ i ] [ e ]s i t s e t l i ft l e ft d i d d ea d（2）中元音：[ə:] [ə][ə: ]发音组合：or ir er ur ear 代表单词：w or k w or ker w or mb ir d d ir t aff ir m t er m b ur n s ur f p ear l l ear n[ i ]发音组合: i代表单词: s i t b i t k i ckp i ck w i sh[æ]发音组合: a代表单词: c a p m a p b a dm a d b a nk th a nk l a mp 音标对比: [e] [æ]b e g b a g m e t m a tb e d b a d[ə ]发音组合：a er or 代表单词：a ppear a risea gain a like a man a pen teach er moth erbroth er driv er ang er（3）后元音: [a:] [ʌ] [u:] [u] [ɔ:] [ɔ][a:]发音组合：ar ear al代表单词：f ar d ar k h ar t f ar m g ar den b ar h ear t h al f 音标对比：[a:] [ʌ]f a st f u n h ar t b u t c ar d c u t[u:]发音组合：oo o ou u代表单词：f oo d f oo l b oo m c oo l p oo l sh oo t t o mb gr ou pbl ue cl ue r u le tr u th concl u de 音标对比: [u:] [u ] f oo t f oo d b oo t b oo k c oo l c ou ld[ɔ:]发音组合：a oo aw ou ore au or ar 代表单词：t a lk b a ll h a ll c a lld oo r fl oo r l aw s aw b ou ght f ou ght th ou ght t ou ght bef ore ign orec au ght n au ghty n au tical f or ce b or n s o rt w ar n（二）双元音（1）合口双元音为: [ei ] [ai] [ɔɪ] [au] [əu ][u]发音组合：oo u ou 代表单词：f oo t g oo d c oo kt oo kp u ll f u ll b u ll sh ou ld[ʌ]发音组合：u o代表单词：u p c u t b u t b u s l u ck b u tterm o nk o nion[ɔ]发音组合：o代表单词：o x o n n o t c o pr o t h o t l o t音标对比：[ɔ:] [ɔ]s or t d o gt or t n o d[ei ]发音组合：ei a ai ay 代表单词：ei ghtc a ke f a te sn a ke l a ke m a ke n a mep ai d m ai n d ay m ay[ai]发音组合：y i uy 代表单词：cr y dr y m yk i te h i gh b i ke t i ght f i ne t i me b uy g uy[ɔɪ]发音组合：oy oi代表单词：t oy b oy l oy aln oi se v oi ce p oi nt s oi l c oi n [au]发音组合：ou ow代表单词：h ou se s ou nd ou t n ou n b ow t ow n n ow t ow er [əu ]发音组合：o ow oa代表单词：h o st n o se t o ne h o le n o te b ow l kn ow l ow ow n b oa t c oa t（2）集中双元音为：[i ə] [ɛə] [u ə][i ə]发音组合：eer ear ere 代表单词：b eer d eerh ear n ear f ear h ere[ɛə]发音组合：air ear are ere 代表单词：h air f air air ch airb ear sw ear音标对比：[æ] [ei ] [ e ] a t ei ght b e db a t b a de s e t音标对比：[ æ ] [ai ]b a t b i te b a ck b i ke l a mp l i ne s a ck s i gn音标对比：[ɔɪ ] [ɔ]b oy b o sst oy t o psp oi l st o p音标对比：[au ] [ai ]n ow n i ght c ow k i tes ou nd s i de音标对比：[au ] [əu ]h ow h o lel ou d l oa d 音标对比：[i ə] [il ]h ere h ill f ear f eel d ear d eal 音标对比：[ɛə] [ai ə]h air h ire f are f ire sp are sp ired are h are th ere[u ə]发音组合：oor ure our 代表单词：p oor l ure s ure to ur二、辅音（一）爆破音: [ p ] [ b ] [ t ] [ d ] [ k ] [ g ][ p ]发音组合：p代表单词：p ay p i p e p ut p ie p eachs p ort s p eed s p end[ t ]发音组合：t代表单词：t ea t eacher t eam t are t ank t ip i t mee t ca t fa t e t ent boa t s t udent s t and s t ick[ k ]发音组合：c k ck代表单词：c ake c ar c an c at c omek ite s k y k eep pic k bac k（二）摩擦音: [ f ] [ v ] [θ] [ð] [ʃ] [ʒ][ s ] [ z ] [ h ] [ r ][ f ]发音组合：f ph代表单词：f ive f irst li f e f ine f at f ail f air f all tele ph one ph onetics ph oto[θ] [ð]发音组合：th代表单词：th is th at th eseth ose th en th an th ough[ v ]发音组合：v代表单词：v ote v i ne v atv ail v ery v aselea v e fi v e[ d ]发音组合：d代表单词：d o d i d d oesd eer d ate d ig d oomnee d be d [ b ]发音组合：b代表单词：b ird b ed b ag b igb uy b ake b ill b ear b ook音标对比：[u ə] [əu ] p oo r p o st s ur e s o ld l ur e l oa d[ g ] 发音组合：g代表单词：g eese g o g ap g etbi g ba g be g发音组合：th代表单词：th ink tee th th ick th eme th ankbo th toot h tru th fif th mou th fai th音标对比：[θ] [ð]th ick th is th eme th an tee th th ey dea th th ese[ʃ]发音组合：sh s ss ch代表单词：sh ip fi sh sh eet sh eep di shs ure en s ure a ss ure ma ch ine[ s ]发音组合：s c代表单词：s eem s et s eek s ay s eebook s den s e mou s e cup s fa c e i c e ra c e pri c e[ h ] 发音组合：h wh (wh 在元音字母o 前才发此音)代表单词：h ot h ome h ouse h orse h ate h igh wh ole wh o wh ose wh om（三）破擦音: [t ʃ] [d ʒ] [tr ] [dr ] [ts ] [dz][ t ʃ]发音组合：ch代表单词：ch eap ch ild ch est c h oke ch eck cat ch wat ch 音标对比：[ t] [ʃ] ch eap sh ip[d ʒ]发音组合：j g dg代表单词：j eep j oke j ew j uice g in chan g e jo dg e ju dg e 音标对比：[t ʃ] [d ʒ] ch arge ju dg e ch oice j oin mat ch pa g e[ r ]发音组合：r wr 代表单词：r ace r ed r ice r ain r ightf r ee f r y p r ay wr ong wr ite[ z ]发音组合：z s代表单词：z oo pri z e z ealra is e knee s eye s[ʒ]发音组合：s代表单词：plea s ure u s ual lei s ure mea s urech ose sh oes cat ch ca sh[ tr ]发音组合：tr代表单词：tr ee tr eat tr ip tr ain tr am 音标对比: [ tr ] [ dr ]tr ee dr eam tr y dr y tr eat dr eam[ ts ]发音组合：ts代表单词：si ts sea ts ma tes peasan ts paren ts 音标对比：[ ts] [ dz ] [ z ] [ dz ] be ts be ds boy s boar ds sea ts see ds glove s groun ds ne ts nee ds stare s stan ds（四）鼻辅音:[ m ] [ n ] [ ŋ ][ m ]发音组合：m代表单词：so m e co m e di m e m other m ap m oon[ n ]发音组合：n代表单词：n oon n ose n ote n ot n o n othing moo n soo n so n gu n thi n ru n di n e gai n（五）舌边音: [ l ]发音组合: l代表单词：清晰音[ l ] l et l ad l ate l aid l eap l ap 代表单词：含糊音[ l ] dea l te ll be l t sa l e tab l e（六）半元音: [ w ] [ j ][ w ][ j ]发音组合：y代表单词：y ear y es y et y ard y oung y ou[ŋ]发音组合：ng n代表单词：s ing so ng si ng er ki ng thi ngi n k si n k tha n k ta n k音标对比： [ m ] [ n ]ho m e sto n ethe m e thi nm ent n et [ dz ]发音组合：ds代表单词：nee ds see dsspen ds [ dr ]发音组合: dr代表单词: dr eam dr ag dr awdr ink chil dr en发音组合：w wh代表单词：w ait w est w ay w et w ill w idewh eel wh at wh y wh en wh ere wh ile音标对比：[ w ] [ v ]w et v etw inter in v enturew orld v oicew omen v isit补充：元音字母a, e, i, o, u在重读音节中的一般读音规则：a e i o u重读开音节：[ ei ] [ i: ] [ ai ] [ əu ] [ju:] [u:]重读闭音节：[ æ] [ e ] [ i ] [ ɔ] [ ʌ] [ u ]注意：除了符合读音规则的词以外，还有一些词是例外的，需要逐个记忆。