考研英语：2001翻译真题精练精讲一、全真试题In less than30years time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brains nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments，allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.（71）There will be television chat shows hosted by robots，and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.（72）Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips，computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools，relaxation will be in front of smell-television，and digital age will have arrived.According to BT s futurologist，Ian Pearson，these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium（a period of 1000years），when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.（73）Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds or key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine，including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. “By linking directly to our nervous system，computers could pick up what we feel and，hopefully，simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments，rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck,”, he says.（74）But that，Pearson points out，is only the start of man-machine integration:”It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human befo re the end of the next century.”Through his research，Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However，there are still no forecasts for when faster-that-light travel will be available，or when human cloning will be perfected，or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will，for example，cause problems in2010，while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the droids.（75）And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder—kitchen rage.二、翻译题解（71）Therewill betelevision chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitorsthatwill disablethem when they offend.句子拆分：拆分点参考：分词,标点符号，连词There will be television chat shows// hosted by robots//, and cars with pollution monitors// that will disable them// when they offend.解析：1）主干结构是带双主语的存在句：There will be television chat shows..., and cars...2）两个主语都带有定语：第一个主语television chat shows的定语是过去分词短语hosted by robots，第二个主语cars的定语是介词短语with pollution monitors。
3）定语从句that will disable them修饰的先行词是pollution monitors，最后一个从句when they offend是定语从句中的状语从句。
词的处理：television chat shows hosted by robots由机器人主持的电视谈话节目，重点词hosted 主持cars with pollution monitors装有污染监控器的汽车disable them使汽车失灵（停止运行），them和they指代汽车offend多义词（汽车）污染超标，违规技巧点拨：1）there be句型表存在，所以通常可以翻译为“有，出现”。
另外，主句部分是将来时，由于汉语动词不具有人称、时态等变化，需要用增词法的翻译技巧，增加“将，届时。
”2）That will disable them :是定语从句，其先行词是pollution monitors（污染监控器）。
首先这个定语从句后面有一个由when引导的时间状语从句，根据定语从句的翻译方法，可以放在后面直接翻译，但是需要重复先行词。
其次，them指代的是上文的cars,可以翻译为“这些汽车”。
最后谓语动词disable的基本意思是“使……残废，使……不能”。
根据词义选择的翻译技巧，联系上下文的“监控器”和“这些汽车”，结合汉语习惯，就可以知道disable是“使这些汽车不能行使”。
3）When they offend:是时间状语从句。
首先，作主语的代词they指代上文的cars,可以翻译为“这些汽车”。
其次，offend通常是“冒犯”的意思，但是，这里显然不能够翻译为“冒犯”，可以根据词义选择的翻译技巧来分析。
Offend的上文是“这些汽车”，再联系下文思考:这些汽车冒犯了什么呢？显然是“这些汽车”冒犯了“污染监控器”。
所以，offend就可以翻译为“汽车污染超标”。
完整译文：届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标（违规），监控器就会使其停驶。
（72）Childrenwill playwith dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalitieswill be regardedas workmates rather than tools, relaxationwill bein front of smell- television,anddigital agewill have arrived.句子拆分：拆分点参考：标点符号，并列连词Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, // computers within-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, // relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.解析：1）主干结构是几个并列的简单句：Children will play with dolls..., computers...will be regarded as..., relaxation will be in front of..., and digital age will have arrived.2）dolls带有过去分词短语equipped with personality chips做定语，computers 的后置定语是介词短语with in built personalities，personalities等于personality chips，宾语workmates rather than tools是并列结构，表示选择。