汉英古文翻译参考五柳先生传（注：2003年考题）先生不知何许人也，亦不详其姓字。
宅边有五柳树，因以为号焉。
闲静少言，不慕荣利。
好读书，不求甚解；每有会意，便欣然忘食。
性嗜酒，家贫而不能常得。
亲旧知其如此，或置酒而招之。
造饮辄尽，期在必醉；既醉而退，曾不吝请去留。
环睹萧然，不蔽风日。
短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空。
晏如也。
常著文章自娱。
颇示己志。
忘怀得失，以此自终。
《陶潜—陶渊明集》Mr. Five WillowsNo one knew where this gentleman came from and what his name was. There were five willows by his house; therefore he was named Mr. Five Willows. He was quiet and reserved, not envious of high position or great wealth. He enjoyed reading, but never tried hard to look for deeper meanings. Each time when he caught the point in a book, he would be in such high spirits that he would simply forget to have dinner. He was very fond of liquor but too poor to drink often. His old friends knew it, so they often invited him to have wine. He always drank to the bottom and got drunk. They he took his leave, and nobody minded.For his whole life, he dwelled in a humble house, had scanty clothing, and always lacked food, but he lived in peace. Sometimes he entertained himself by writing to show his ideals, and he never cared for gain or loss.苛政猛于虎（礼记工员檀弓）（注：2004年考题）孔子过泰山侧，有妇人哭于墓者而哀。
夫子式而听之。
使子路问之曰：“子之哭也，壹似重有忧者？”而曰：“然。
昔者吾舅死于虎，吾夫又死焉，今吾子又死焉。
”夫子曰：“何为不去也？”曰：“无苛政。
”夫子曰：“小子识之，苛政猛于虎也。
”(孔子有一次乘车经过泰山旁边，在那边有一位妇女在坟前哭而且哭得很悲恸。
孔子把手扶在车前横木上听她哭，派子路去问她说：“您的哭声听起来实在像有好几件伤心的事似的。
”那个女人就说：“您的话说对了。
从前我的公公死在老虎口中（被老虎咬死了），后来我的丈夫又死在老虎口中；现在我的儿子又死在老虎口中了。
”孔子说：“为什么不离开这儿呢？”女人说：“这儿没有暴虐的政治。
”孔子说：“弟子们记住这句话，暴虐的政治比老虎更凶猛可怕。
)THAN A TIGEROnce when Confucius was passing near the foot of Mount Tai in a chariot, there was a married woman weeping at a grave mound, and dolorously too. Confucius politely rested his hands on the front rail of the chariot and listened to her weeping. He sent his disciple Zilu, to search for inquiry by saying:” From the sound of your weeping, it seems that you indeed have many troubles.”Then the woman said:” It is true. My father-in-law died in a tiger‟s jaw; my husband also died there. Now, my son has also died there.” Confucius said,” Why do not you leave this place?” The woman said:” Here there is no harsh and oppressive government.” Confucius said,” Young men, take note of this: a tyrannic government is more ferocious and fearsome than even a tiger.”矛盾(韩非子难一)楚人有卖盾与矛者，誉之曰：“吾盾之坚，物莫能陷之。
”以誉其矛曰：“吾矛之利，于物无不陷也。
”或曰：“以子之矛陷子之盾，何如？”其人弗能应也。
夫不可陷之盾与无不陷之矛不可同世而立。
SPEARS AND SHIELDSThere was a man of the state of Ch u who sold shields and spears. He bragged about his shields saying:” My shields are so hard that nothing can pierce through them .”He also bragged about his spears saying:” My spears are so sharp that there is nothing they cannot pierce through.” Someone said:” What would happen if people were to use your spears to pierce through your shields?‟ That person could not answer. Now, shields that cannot be pierced through and spears that can pierced through anything cannot exist at the sane time.塞翁失马(淮南子人间)近塞上之人有善术者，马无故亡而入胡，人皆吊之。
其父曰：“此何遽不能为福乎？”居数月，其马将胡骏马而，人皆贺之。
其父曰？“此何遽不能为祸平？”家富良马，其子好骑，堕而折其骨，人皆吊之。
其父曰：“此何遽不能为福乎？”居一年，胡人大举入塞，丁壮者引弦而战。
近塞之人，死者十九，此（子）独以跛故，父子相保。
故福之为祸，祸之为福，化不可极，深不可测也。
( 靠近边界上的人里有个很会占卜的人，他的马无缘无故地逃跑进入胡人的领地去了，别人都来慰问他。
他的父亲说：“这件事怎么就不能变成福呢？”过了几个月，他的马带着胡人的好马回来了，别人来向他道贺。
他的父亲说：“这件事怎么就不能变成灾祸呢？”家里有很多马，他的儿子喜欢骑马，从马上摔下来，摔断了他的胯骨，别人者来慰问他。
他的父亲说：“这件事怎么说不能变成福呢？”过了一年，胡人大规模地侵入边界，成年的男人都拿起弓来去打仗。
靠近边界上的人，死掉的有十分之九，只有这个摔断胯骨的儿子因为瘸了的缘故，父亲跟儿子能平安地生活在一块儿。
所以福变成祸，祸变成福，变化得没法子研究到底，深得没法子测量啊。
)THE OLD MAN A T THE FRONTIER LOSES HIS HORSEAmong the people near the frontier, there was one skilled at prognostication. For no reason, his horse ran off into the territory of the barbarians; everyone consoled him. His father said:” As for this, why can‟t it become good fortune?” Aft er several months, his horse returned leading some good barbarian horses; everyone congratulated him. His father said,” As for this, why can‟t it turn out to be a cause of misfortune?” Since there were many good horses in the household, his son became fond of riding, fell off a horse, and broke his thigh bone; everyone consoled the son‟s father. His father said, “Perhaps this will soon turn out to be a blessing!” After a year, the barbarians entered the frontier in great numbers. All the adult males picked up their bows to go fight. Of the people near the frontier, nine out of ten died. Only because of this man‟s son‟s lameness, could father and son both be safe [secure]. Thus, as to how fortune becomes misfortune and misfortune becomes fortune, this transformation cannot be utterly known; its depth cannot be fathomed.守株待兔(韩非子五蠢)宋人有耕者，田中有株，兔走触株，折颈而死。