Do
notTnheeed ltoobgeical
expressed.
subject
of
the
–inMgufsotrbme
expressed.
Байду номын сангаас
EIng.aFsaptehceirfiscucgognetsetxetd, tghoeing by bus. logical subject of -ing participle is self-evident to both sides of the conversation.
The logical subject of-ing can be in the form of noun generic case and noun genitive case as well as pronoun object and subject determiner.
I don’t mind
After attempt, intend and plan, the infinitive is
④
more commonly used than the
–ing participle, but when these verbs are in the
progressive, only the infinitive is possible, eg:
a) After remember and forget, the infinitive refers to an action in the future and the –ing participle to the past, eg:
1) Can’t you remember telling me the story last night? = You told me the story last night. Can’t you remember it?
expressed by a passive infinitive, eg:
③
After begin and start, either infinitive or –
We began tiongsefoermwishpaotshsieblem, beuatnats.tative-verb infinitive normally goes with begin, eg:
=He anticipated that he would get much pleasure from the reading of that book.
2）Verb + object +preposition + -ing form There are verbs that cannot be directly followed by an –ing form unless it is interrupted by an object and a preposition. Here, the commonly used Eprge.①posHiteiotnrisckaered “hienrtoin” taonmd a“frrroymin”g him by pretending that he was rich. ②Don’t let his friendly words mislead you into tVreurbsstitnhagt chainmb.e used for such structures are also beguile, blackmail,
The watchman reported finding the door open.
=The watchman reported that he had found the door open.
He anticipated getting much pleasure from the reading of that book.
John John’s Him his
buying another one.
In colloquial speech, they tend to use noun clauses and pronoun objects.
Some of the verbs listed above such as acknowledge, admit, advocate, anticipate, appreciate, deny, fancy, imagine, suggest, mean, mention, propose, recall, recollect, understand, etc can also take a corresponding that-clause as object, eg:
1） Verb+ - ing form
There are verbs that can only be followed by an –
ing form rather than an infinitivEeg. (a1s) Hoebajcekcnto.wthleedfgaecdts.being ignorant of
1)I canA’fttebr epraorcelisvsivnegrbaslsounchea. s begin, can’t
①2)I cabne’atr,bceeaasre,tcoosnetineuteh, derecahdi,lldovseo, like,
nbegaldeclyt, otrmeiat,tperdef.er, propose, start, the
22.2 Verbs followed either by infinitive or by -ing participle
There are verbs that can be followed either by an –ing form or by an infinitive. With some of these verbs, the choice between the two makes no difference in meaning; with others, however, different choices result in different expressions.
1)She attempted to lie/lying. 2) I hear they intend to marry/ marrying.
2) Either infinitive or –ing form with different meanings
After forget, go on, leave off, mean, regret, remember, stop and ,other verbs, it can bring infinitive and -ing participle. These verbs can be divided into the following five categories:
cajole, coerce, deceive, fool, etc.
Eg: Nothing would stop me from achieving my ambition.
The basic meaning of verbs in such structures is "to make... no do……” , so sometimes preposition “from” can also be omitted.
-ing Participle
许艺良 1840320040 李敏敏 1840320014
CATALOGUE
22.1 Collection of -ing participle with people 22.2 Verbs followed either by infinitive or by -ing participle 22.3-Ing participle clause
② wants toactbivee r–einwg ifroermd.can be used to denote a
2)The boy deserpvaesssilvoeomkeiannginagfwtehric.=hTcahnealso be boy deserves to be looked after.
1)Either infinitive or –ing participle without change of meaning.
Verbs that can take either an infinitive or an –ing form as object include attempt, begin, can’t bear, continue, deserve, dread, hate, intend, like, loathe, love, need, neglect, omit, plan, prefer, require, start, etc. An infinitive or an – ing participle can be emplyed to follow these verbs without causing any change in basic meaning. These are cases, however, where such alternative
Admit, acknowledge, anticipate, appreci(a2t)eW, aevaopidp,recacina’ttehyeolpu,r inviting us to your can’t resist, can’t stand, consider, contemplate, defer, delpaayr, ty.
The logical subject of -ing participle appears elsewhere in the sentence.